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Clinical Psych > Exam 2, Part 1 > Flashcards

Exam 2, Part 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

How often are men affected by anxiety

A

8%

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2
Q

How often are women affected by anxiety

A

20%

15% lingers than 6 months

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3
Q

What is the MC disorders besides substance abuse?

A

Anxiety disorders

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4
Q

What is a panic attack?

A

A DISCRETE period of intense fear fullness. Going crazy, out of control, impending doom

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5
Q

Is a panic attack a psychiatric disorder

A

Not really, however numerous and recurrent attack’s is a panic disorder

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6
Q

What is anticipatory anxiety

A

Anxiety and worry between panic attacks and becomes the most disabling feature

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7
Q

Panic disorder is MC associated with

A

Agoraphobia

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8
Q

What is agoraphobia

A

Exposure or anticipated exposure to situations where they are unable to escape or become incapacitated

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9
Q

A patient has agoraphobia if they have fear or anxiety of 2 of the following 5 things

A

Using public transportation

Being in an enclosed space (movie theater)

Being in an open space (parking lot)

Being outside of home alone

Standing in line or being in a crowd

  • their anxiety is out of proportion to the actual danger involved
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10
Q

What is the treatment for panic disorder or agoraphobia

A

Medications such as Benzodiazepines, SSRIs, SNRIs

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11
Q

Treatment for panic disorder/agoraphobia that is behavioral

A

Relaxation training- help clients gain control over bodily reactions

Panic control therapy(PCT)- cognitive restructuring, exposure to situations triggering panic and breathing techniques

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12
Q

What is the difference between a phobia and fear

A

Phobia- UNREASONABLE/IRRATIONAL degree of fear

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13
Q

Systematic desensitization is

A

Gradually increasing exposure to feared stimulus using relaxation techniques

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14
Q

Flooding is

A

Totally immersed in the sensation of anxiety by being exposed to the feared situation in its entirety

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15
Q

Imaginal flooding is

A

Immersed through imagination in the feared situation

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16
Q

Graduated exposure is

A

Initially confront situations that cause only minor anxiety and gradually progress toward those that cause greater anxiety

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17
Q

Thought stopping is

A

Learn to stop anxiety-provoking thoughts

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18
Q

What is social anxiety disorder

A

Clinically significant anxiety provoked by exposure to certain situations leading to avoidance behavior.

Fear of embarrassment, failure, or humiliation before others such as speaking, performing, eating….. etc.

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19
Q

How common is social anxiety disorder

A
  1. 5% in females
  2. 1% in males

Only 2% of patients seek treatment

20
Q

What is the cognitive process of social anxiety disorder

A

OVERESTIMATE- their own symptoms

MISINTERPRET- responses of others

OVERESTIMATE- degree which people are paying attn.

OVEREMPHASIZE- perceived or actual failures

21
Q

What meds are used for social anxiety disorder

A

SSRIs, SNRIs, Beta blockers, benzodiazepines, MAOIs

22
Q

What is the psychological treatment for social anxiety disorder

A

Cognitive behavioral thereapy (CBT)- challenge accuracy of their perceptions

Motivation interviewing

Mindfulness/meditation

23
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder is

A

Anxiety that is not associated with anything in particular. Lasts at least 6 months and persistent and excessive anxiety that interferes with normal funcitoning

24
Q

GAD is when

A

Magnitude of worry is out of proportion to the severity of the situation. Difficult for the patient to control

25
Q

GAD treatments

A

SSRIs,SNRIs

Systematic desensitization

Education

Cognitive therapy

Relaxation techniques

26
Q

GAD treatment using chiropractic does what

A

Effects the frontalis EMG potentials, spinal ranges of motion and anxiety level. Adjustments decreased muscle tension and anxiety levels

27
Q

What drugs can precipitate serious anxiety symptoms

A

OTC cold preparations

Caffeine

Cocaine

Amphetamines

Marijuana

Withdrawal from alcohol or other depressants

28
Q

What are differentials for anxiety disorders

A

Cardiovascular problems

Myocardial Infaction

Arrhythmias

Pulmonary embolism

Endocrine disorders (hyper/hypothyroidism)

Neurological disorders (vestibular dysfunction)

29
Q

OCD is

A

Very time consuming and causes significant distress and impairment

Recurrent thoughts, urges, ideas, or images

Intrusive and unwanted urges

30
Q

OCD compulsions

A

Repetitive behavior or mental act performed according to rigid rules that person feels driven to carry out

31
Q

What are the MC behaviors of OCD patients

A

Washing, cleaning, counting, checking, etc.

32
Q

What are the 4 major dimensions of OCD

A

Obsessions associated with checking compulsions

Need for symmetry and order

Obsessions about cleanliness with washing compulsions

Hoarding-related behaviors

33
Q

Who gets OCD

A

MC in young males

MC in adult women

Affects 1-3% of the population

34
Q

What is the medication for OCD

A

Clomipramine (tricyclic anti-depressant) or SSRIs

Deep brain stimulation (in extreme cases)

35
Q

What are the psychological treatments for OCD

A

Exposure with ritual prevention

Thought stopping

Satiation therapy- confront obsessional thoughts for long they lose their meaning

36
Q

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD)

A

Preoccupied with the idea that part of their body is ugly or defective

They perform compulsive behaviors-grooming constantly or seeking reassurance from others about appearance

37
Q

BDD is frequently comorbid with

A

Major depressive disorder, social anxiety disorder, OCD, eating disorders

38
Q

Meds for BDD

A

SSRIs

Congnitive behavioral therapy

39
Q

What is trichotillomania

A

Compulsive, persistent urge to pull out ones own hair

They feel (unable to stop)

40
Q

Excoriation disorder is

A

Recurrent picking at ones skin

Majority are females

41
Q

Psychological/ behavioral treatment for trichotillomania and excoriation disorder

A

Habit Reversal Training (HRT)- learn a new response to compete with habit

Stimulus control- making changes to the environment

42
Q

Acute stress disorder is

A

Occurs after a traumatic event and lasts for up to 1 month

43
Q

Post traumatic stress disorder is

A

Experiencing several distressing symptoms for more than a month

44
Q

PTSD

A

Secondary depression, panic attacks and substance abuse

Lifetime prevalence is 6.8% for general population

12-18% for combat veterans

45
Q

Theories of PTSD

A

Traumatic experiences lead to changes in the brain making it hypersensitive to possible danger in the future

Alteration in the hippocampus ( consolidates memory)

46
Q

Treatment for PTSD

A

SSRIs

Virtual reality therapy

Eye movement desensitization reprocessing (E M D R)

Clinical Psych (4 decks)

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