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exam 2 other Flashcards

1
Q

MOST likely to be associated with elevation of citrate in the blood or kidney tissue

A

fluoroacetate

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2
Q

A toxicant that has the following lesions in most species: gastroenteritis which may be hemorrhagic, pulmonary congestion and edema, congestion of liver and kidney, in addition to the odor of dead fish (acteylene odor) in the stomach may be poisoned with

A

zinc phosphide

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3
Q

what drug would you use to reduce brain swelling due to toxicosis in animals

A

glucocorticoid

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4
Q

Which of the following are LEAST likely clinical signs of fluoroacetate (compound 1080) toxicosis in the horse?

a. colic, trembling, and staggering
b. tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, and ventricular fibrillation
c. clonic-tonic convulsive seizures and opisthotonos
d. signs of respiratory insufficiency

A

c. clonic-tonic convulsive seizures and opisthotonos

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5
Q

MOST sensitive animals to fluoroacetate toxicosis are

A

dogs

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6
Q

Which of the following is LEAST likely concerning paraquat toxicosis?

a. Onset of respiratory signs is within 1-4 hours
b. Signs in dogs and cats include vomiting, CNS depression, and severe dyspnea
c. Lesions include pulmonary edema, congestion, and hemorrhage, and may be lingual ulcers
d. Death is due to difficulty in gaseous exchange resulting from lung damage

A

A.

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7
Q

causes signs of respiratory insufficiency and overheating MAINLY by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation and blocking or decreasing ATP

A

PCP

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8
Q

T/F

A negative ethylene glycol test in cats means that the cat has not been exposed to a toxic level of ethylene glycol

A

FALSE

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9
Q

most sensitive species to ethylene glycol

A

cats

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10
Q

Acute renal failure as a result of ethylene glycol toxicosis usually occurs how long after ingestion in the dog

A

24-72 hours after ingestion

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11
Q

Adding 20% ferric chloride to urine sample results in purple color urine is used to detect the presence of which toxicant in urine

A

phenol

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12
Q

The MOST toxic detergents are

a. soaps
b. dishwashing liquids
c. laundry detergents
d. automatic dishwashing detergents
A

D

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13
Q

T/F

high energy diet will increase urea toxicity

A

FALSE

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14
Q

The clinical signs associated with water deprivation/sodium ion toxicosis in swine are thought to be MAINLY caused by

A

cerebral edema and overhydration of nerve cells

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15
Q

T/F
Urea is commonly used in ruminants as a feed additive because it is an economical and efficient source of protein and minerals such as sulfur and phosphorus

A

FALSE

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16
Q

this metal toxicosis causes inhibition of the activity of several enzymes in heme synthesis

A

lead

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17
Q

The diagnosis of lead toxicosis in dogs is BEST established on the basis of

A

blood levels

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18
Q

Inhibition of lipoic acid which results in inhibition of citric acid cycle is the mechanism of action of

A

trivalent arsenic

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19
Q

The MOST susceptible animals to iron toxicosis are

A

pigs and dogs

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20
Q

• Cholecalciferol is used in humans for what

A

psoriasis

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21
Q

The rodenticide that is characterized by acetylene odor is

A

zinc phosphide

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22
Q

Vitamin D3 rodenticide toxicosis is associated with

A

hypercalcemia

hyperphosphatemia

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23
Q

Which of the following rodenticides causes cerebral and spinal edema MAINLY by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation and inhibiting ATP

A

bromethalin

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24
Q

A dog showing signs of anorexia, vomiting blood, cardiac arrhythmias, polyuria and polydipsia is MOST likely intoxicated with

A

cholecalciferol

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25
Q

The route of choice for administration of vitamin K is

A

PO

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26
Q

mechanism of action of anticagulant rodenticides

A

They inhibit activation of precursor proteins of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and Xz

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27
Q

Administration of the following drug may increase warfarin toxicity EXCEPT

a. aspirin
b. sulfonamides
c. phenobarbital
d. steroids
e. thyroxine

A

phenobarbital

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28
Q

What is the BEST sample, for chemical analysis, to help confirm a diagnosis of cholecalciferol toxicosis in a live German shepard dog

A

serum

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29
Q

toxic agent MOST likely to produce degeneration of peripheral neurons is

A

arsanilic acid

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30
Q

Deferoxamine is the chelating agent of choice for

A

iron

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31
Q

Enlarged yellow liver, enlarged friable and hemorrhagic kidneys, enlarged black spleen, and red wine-colored urine are lesions MOST likely associated with

A

chronic copper toxicosis

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32
Q

Reduced cytochrome oxidase in cattle can be used as a diagnostic test in toxicosis with

A

molybdenum

33
Q

Clinical signs of subacute selenium toxicosis in pigs are genereally similar to toxicosis with

A

arsenilic acid

34
Q

Poisoning by ingestion of seleniferous plants can be seen in the following states EXCEPT

a. South Dakota
b. North Dakota
c. Wyoming
d. Florida
e. Montana

A

not florida

35
Q

. Inhibition of lipoic acid which results in inhibition of citric acid cycle is the mechanism of action of

A

trivalent arsenic

36
Q

The presence of an odor of rotten garlic in a fresh carcass is suggestive of acute toxicosis with

A

selenium

37
Q

A dog showing gastrointestinal signs followed by a phase of apparent recovery, which deteriorates into multiorgan failure is MOST likely poisoned with oral

A

iron

38
Q

The metal toxicosis LEAST likely to cause signs of gastroenteritis is

a. lead
b. zinc
c. inorganic arsenic
d. organic arsenic feed additives
e. iron

A

D

39
Q

Ingestion of kerosine is MOST likely to cause

A

severe aspiration pneumonia

40
Q

The specimen of choice to confirm a diagnosis of chronic fluoride poisoning in a live animal is

A

bone

41
Q

A selenium indicator plant which is grown widely in the west is

A

princes plume

42
Q

Late clinical signs of ethylene glycol poisoning are PRIMARILY related to

A

acute renal failure

43
Q

Which of the following serum parameters is LEAST likely to be elevated in urea toxicosis?

a. ammonia
b. blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
c. glucsose
d. pH
e. transaminases (ALT, AST)

A

D - pH

44
Q

If the type of the anticoagulant rodenticide is unknown, duration of vitamin k1 treatment should be…

A

3-4 weeks

45
Q

T/F
Warfarin acts as an anticoagulant in-vivo and in-vitro by inhibiting vitamin K epoxide reductase inhibiting activation of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors.

A

TRUE

46
Q

T/F
Petroleum products of low boiling points, low viscosity, and low surface tension generally have more pneumotoxic potential.

A

TRUE

47
Q

The specimen of choice for chemical analysis of strychnine in a live animal is

A

urine

48
Q

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be used in decontamination in strychnine poisoning

A

antacids

49
Q

Which of the following statements about the mechanism of action of warfarin is TRUE?

a. It inhibits production of precursor proteins of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X
b. It increases metabolism of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors
c. It activates precursor proteins of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X
d. it stimulates carboxylation of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors
e. It inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase

A

E.

50
Q

T/F

Administration of vitamin K1 immediately reverses the action of anticoagulant rodenticides.

A

FALSE

51
Q

Which of the following toxicants is MOST likely to be associated with elevation of citrate in the blood or kidney tissue

A

fluoroacetate

52
Q

Antidotal (specific) treatment of inorganic arsenic toxicosis is

a. sodium thiosulfate orally
b. BAL (dimercaprol) IM
c. apomorphine SC
d. sodium sulfate orally
A

B

53
Q

All of the following decrease GI absorption of lead EXCEPT

a. zinc
b. protein
c. acidity
d. calcium

A

C

54
Q

hemolytic crisis

A

copper

55
Q

T/F

chronic copper tox has GI signs

A

false

56
Q

severe green diarrhea

A

molybdenum

57
Q

hemolytic anemia

A

zinc

58
Q

T/F

Renal CS with Zinc and acidosis with Iron

A

true

59
Q

T/F

cats with ethylene glycol tox have polydipsia

A

false

60
Q

dog with vomit and lingual ulcers

A

paraquat

61
Q

acetylene odor

A

zinc phosphide

62
Q

do not add this to a gastric lavage in a dog poisoned with strychnine

A

sodium bicarb

63
Q

T/F

phenothiazines will control CNS in styrchnine posion

A

false

64
Q

what drug will not increase the effects of warfarin

A

phenobarbital

65
Q

immediate reversal of warfarin by iv infusion of

A

whole blood

66
Q

strynchine specimen of choice

A

urine

67
Q

duration of antidotal for unknown rodenticide

A

3-4 weeks

68
Q

dog anorexic vomit blood arrythymias PU PD

A

cholecalciferol

69
Q

admin vitmin K

A

PO

70
Q

sample for cholecalciferol

A

serum

71
Q

drug to lower bromenthalin brain sweling

A

glucocorticoid

72
Q

bentonite and fullers earth for

A

paraquat

73
Q

rapid overheat and dark blood

A

PCP

74
Q

most sensitive coag test

A

PIKVA

75
Q

dead animal rodenticide sample

A

liver

76
Q

presnece of food in tummy incrased tox

A

zinc phosphide

77
Q

elevates citrate in the blood

A

fluoroacetate

78
Q

increases ICP and posterior paralysis

A

bromethalin

79
Q

most senstive to zinc phosphide

A

cats

TOX (5 decks)

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