Exam 2 Multiple Choice Flashcards
Based upon new molecular evidence that suggests the nervous system was secondarily lost in some basal animal groups, which of the following is suggested as the an alternative to the Porifera as the basal animal group?
B) Ctenophora
The ____ is the feeding cell in the Porifera
C) choanocyte
Which of the following exhibit diploblastic development?
E) B and C
(B: Cnidaria and C: Ctenophora)
A) Porifera
B) Cnidaria
C) Ctenophora
D) Platyhelminthes
Which of the following best describes how oxygen is delivered to tissues in a hydra (Cnidarian)?
D) diffusion
The octopus is an extremely intelligent mollusk. It is also a highly active predator. Which of the following is likely associated with increased metabolic rate?
E) all of these
- the presence of gills
- a closed circulatory system
- heart-like organs for pumping hemolymph
- a complete digestive system
A tandem array (repeating series) of similar body parts is termed
A) metamerism
This group of organisms must shed its cuticle in order to grow
C) nematoda
Tapeworms have lost their
C) digestive system
A tentacled, ciliated, u-shaped mouth structure is termed a
A) lophophore
An epidermis, mesoglea, and gastrodermis is characteristic of
B) jellyfish
Planarians lack dedicated respiratory and circulatory systems because
A) none of their cells are far removed from the gastrovascular cavity or from the external environment
Excretion in both annelids and molluscs occurs through
C) nephridia
This animal secretes both anticoagulants and anesthetic in order to ingest a blood meal from its host
C) Hirudianea
If a gill were to be found in a mollusc, where would it be located?
A) mantle cavity
A wheel organ, pedal extensions, a mastax, and extensive parthenogenesis is characteristic of which group?
B) Rotifera
Bivalves capture food using their ___ and thus are considered to be suspension feeders
C) ctenidia
A closed circulatory system is characteristic of
C) annelids
Echinoderms are the only known organisms to possess
C) a water vascular system
The ambulacraria include
E) A and B
(A: echinoderms and B: hemichordates)
A) echinoderms
B) hemichordates
C) cephalochordates
D) urochordates
The following are characteristic of all chordates (at some point in their life history)
E) all of these
- notochord
- dorsal hollow nerve tube
- pharyngeal gill pouches
- post-anal tail
The excretory organ uniquely found in the insects is/are
A) Malpighian tubules
An endocrine system is characteristic of
B) arthropods
An arthropod emerges as a miniature version of the adult form. After each molt, the arthropod increases in size, yet does not change its body morphology. This is an example of
E) incomplete metamorphosis
What is believed to be the most significant result of the evolution of the amniotic egg?
A) tetrapods were no longer tied to the water for reproduction
It is believed that the coelacanths and lungfish represent a crucial link between other fishes and tetrapods. What is the major feature in both these fish in support of this hypothesis?
B) Their fins have skeletal and muscular structures similar to amphibian limbs
A favored hypothesis concerning the origin of vertebrate jaws postulates that ___ were repurposed and contributed to a jaw
D) pharyngeal gill arches
Which of the following would not belong to the osteichthyes clade?
A) sharks
Birds and mammals are highly active endotherms. Which of the following is consistent with these traits?
E) all of these
- four-chambered heart
- secondary palate
- ventilated lungs
- closed circulatory system
Synapomorphies associated with mammals include
E) all of these
- hair
- mammary glands
- heterodont dentition
- placentae
Hollow bones are found in the
C) aves
