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NUR414 > Exam 2 medication > Flashcards

Exam 2 medication Flashcards

1
Q

cause local vasoconstriction by releasing norepinephrine to decrease secretions to relieve nasal and nasopharyngeal congestion

A

decongestants - tetrahydrozoline & pseudoephedrine

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1
Q

cough suppressant by acting on the cough-control center in the medulla

A

antitussives - dextromethorphan hydrobromide

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2
Q

anti-inflammatory effect by blocking complex reactions to relieve chronic nasal congestion

A

steroid nasal decongestant - beclomethasone

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3
Q

block H1 receptor to alleviate allergy symptoms

A

antihistamine - diphenhydramine

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4
Q

decrease adhesiveness and surface tension of fluid to aid in expelling mucous

A

expectorants - guaifenesin

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5
Q

split links in mucoproteins to decrease viscosity in acute and chronic bronchopulmonary disorders

A

mucolytics - acetylcysteine

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6
Q

affect calcium to have a vasodilating effect on smooth muscles in asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema

A

xanthine - theophylline

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7
Q

mimic SNS effect to treat asthma

A

sympathomimetic - albuterol

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8
Q

block or antagonize acetlycholine and vagal-mediated receptors for relaxation in asthma

A

anticholinergic - ipratropium

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9
Q

decrease edema and increase beta-adrenergic activity for smooth muscle relaxation in asthma and COPD

A

inhaled steroids - budesonide

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10
Q

competitively block receptors for the production of leukotrienes and histamine in asthma

A

leukotriene receptor antagonist - zarfirlukast

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11
Q

work on distal convoluted tubule interfering with calcium pump to excrete sodium in HTN, MI, and edema

A

thiazide diuretic - hydrochlorothiazide

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12
Q

act on the loop of henle blocking calcium pump and sodium reabsorption in HTN, MI, and edema

A

loop diuretic - furosemide

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13
Q

block sodium and aldosterone at distal tubule to promote excretion in HTN, HF, and edema

A

potassium-sparing diuretic - spironolactone

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14
Q

slow down movement of hydrogen to cause more sodium and HCO3 excretion in glaucoma, MI, edema, and acute mountain sickness

A

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor - acetazolamide

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15
Q

increase osmotic pressure of glomerular filtrate causing decrease water, sodium, and chloride retention in increased intracranial pressure

A

osmotic diuretic - mannitol

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16
Q

inhibit ACE to inhibit vasoconstriction, decrease peripheral resistance, decrease volume, and reduce afterload in HTN and MI

A

ACE inhibitor - captopril

17
Q

bind to angiotensin II to block vasoconstriction in HTN

A

ARBS - isoartan

18
Q

block calcium channel ions to relax coronary artery spasm in HTN and angina

A

CCB - diltiazem

19
Q

block beta1 in HTN, angina, MT, and SVT

A

nonselective beta blocker - propanolol & metoprolol

20
Q

block alpha1 in HTN and BPH

A

alpha1 blocker - doxazosin

21
Q

stimulate alpha2 in HTN and ADHD

A

alpha2 agonist - clonidine

22
Q

act directly on vascular smooth muscle for relaxation and vasodilation in HTN and MI

A

direct acting vasodilator - hydralazine

23
Q

increase intracellular calcium for increased contraction in MI

A

cardiac glycosides - digoxin

24
Q

block phosphodiesterase in cardiac and smooth muscle to increase contraction in MI

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitor - milrinone

25
Q

activate alpha receptors to increase vascular tone in hypotension

A

alpha agonist - midodrine

26
Q

block HMG-CoA reductase from completing synthesis of cholesterol to decrease cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDLs

A

statins - atrovastatin

27
Q

bind with bile acids in intestine to form an insoluble complex excreted via stool, decreasing cholesterol

A

bile-acid sequestrants - cholestyramine

28
Q

decrease absorption of dietary cholesterol from small intestine

A

cholesterol absorption inhibitor - ezetimibe

29
Q

stimulate lipoprotein breakdown from tissues and removal from plasma to decrease triglycerides and increase HDL

A

fibrin-acid agents - gemfibrozil

30
Q

stimulate RBC production in bone marrow by glycoproteins for anemia

A

epoetin alfa

31
Q

folate deficiency for pregnancy/lactation and alcoholism

A

folic acid

32
Q

B12 deficiency for pregnancy/lactation and blood loss

A

hydroxocobalamin

33
Q

iron deficiency

A

ferrous sulfate

34
Q

relax arterial and venous smooth muscle, and dilate coronary arteries for acute angina

A

nitrate - nitroglycerin

35
Q

block receptor sites on platelet membranes, preventing platelet-platelet interaction

A

antiplatelets - aspirin

36
Q

inhibit adenosine diphosphate receptor from binding to other platelet receptors

A

ADP receptor blocker - clopidogrel

37
Q

directly inhibit thrombin from converting fibrinogen to fibrin

A

heparin & argatroban

38
Q

binds and accelerates antithrombin II

A

enoxaparin

39
Q

decrease hepatic synthesis of vitamin K clotting factors

A

warfarin

40
Q

breakdown thrombus by stimulating plasmid synthesis in MI, acute PE, and acute ischemic CVA

A

thrombolytics - alteplase

41
Q

prevents fibrin from dissolving, preventing clots breaking down in excessive bleeding

A

hemostatics - aminocaproic acid

NUR414 (4 decks)

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