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MS II > Exam 2: Manual Therapy > Flashcards

Exam 2: Manual Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

What did Aristotle say about pain

A

It is the “Passion of the soul”

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2
Q

What did Hippocrates say about pain

A

It is from a “Fluid Imbalance”

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3
Q

What did the era prior to the Renaissance say about pain

A

It is a “Punishment form God”

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4
Q

What did Chinese medicine say about pain 3000 years ago

A

Ying and Yang

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5
Q

True or False:

Manual therapy is as old as mankind

A

true

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6
Q

____ ____ is concerned with the prevention and treatment of musculoskeletal pain and dysfunction by the application of primary physical modalities incorporating mobilization and manipulation, exercise, traction, and massage.

A

Manual Therapy

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7
Q

Manual therapy is concerned with the ____ and _____ of the musculoskeletal pain and dysfunction by the application of ____ ____ modalities incorporating mobilization, manipulation, exercise, traction and massage

A

Prevention
treatment
primary physical

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8
Q

True or False:

Mobilization and manipulation can be used interchangeably

A

False

Dr. Cox prefers to use the term HBLA to describe true thrust manipulations

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9
Q

Spinal (manipulation/mobilization) is dependent on speed, therefor the patient cannot stop the movement

A

manipulation

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10
Q

Spinal (manipulation/mobilization) is dependent on oscillations and varying amplitudes, there for a patient can stop the movement

A

mobilization

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11
Q

What are the characteristics of spinal manipulation that differs it from being a spinal mobilization

A

Speed

Patient cannot stop the movement

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12
Q

What are the characteristics of spinal mobilization that differs it from being a spinal manipulation

A

Oscillations and varying amplitudes

Patient can stop the movement

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13
Q

During spinal manipulations (force/speed) is more important

A

speed

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14
Q

Bone setters, ____, and surgeons carried on traditions of manual therapy from the middle ages into the modern age

A

barbers

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15
Q

Where was osteopathic medicine invented

A

Kirksville, MO

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16
Q

Dr. Andrew Taylor Still was a doctor of (PT/Osteopathy/Chiropractic) and a surgeon in the civil war

A

Osteopathy

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17
Q

Who founded the American Osteopathic School of Medicine in 1892

A

Andrew Taylor Still

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18
Q

Dr. DD Palmer was a doctor of (PT/Osteopathy/Chiropractic)

A

Chiropractic

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19
Q

Which Dr. of Chiropractic was born in Canada and had an interest in magnetic healing, osteopathy, and spiritualism

A

DD palmer

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20
Q

Which state was chiropractic started in

A

iowa

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21
Q

Dr. Bartlett Joshua Palmer is a doctor of (PT/Osteopathy/Chiropractic)

A

Chiropractic

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22
Q

Which doctor of chiropractic bought the Palmer College from his father

A

Bartlett joshua palmer

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23
Q

Physical therapists were trained and incorporated Dr. _____ manipulation during WWI by a Miss Randall

A

Mennell’s

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24
Q

When was the APTA formed

A

1921

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25
Who is considered to be the founder of PT
Mary McMillan
26
Who wrote the 4 branches of physiotherapy
Mary McMillan
27
What are the four branches of physiotherapy written by Mary McMillan
1. Manipulation of joints and muscles 2. Therapeutic exercise 3. Electrotherapy 4. Hydrotherapy
28
Which doctor focused on back and joint pain and defined joint dysfunction and joint play which cannot be produced by the action of voluntary muscles
John Mennell
29
True or False According to John Mennell, joint dysfunction and joint play can be produced by the action of voluntary muscles
False, it cannot be due to the action of voluntary muscles
30
Robin McKenzie would argue that anytime symptoms move closer to the spine is it considered (centralization/peripheralization) and if it moves away from the spine it is (centralization/peripheralization)
centralization; peripheralization
31
McKenzie would say the moving pain from (centralization/peripheralization) to (centralization/peripheralization) is best
want to move from peripheralization to centralization
32
Why did some PT's decide to become DC's?
Because DC's (doctor of chiropractic) were the only ones that were allowed to manipulate
33
Put in order from greatest to least amount of doctors in the US (PT, DC, DO)
1. PT 2. DO 3. DC
34
List the history of doctors and how we got to PT today from oldest to most recent (Alan Stoddard DO, James Cyriax MD, Me, IFOMPT/AAOMPT established, John Mennell, and Geof Maitland)
``` James Cyriax MD John Mennell Alan Stoddard DO Geoff Maitland PT IFOMPT/AAOMPT established Me ```
35
What are the three mechansims of manual therapy in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain
1. Mechanical 2. Neurophysiological 3. Placebo
36
In conclusion of the pain gate control theory, local (ventral/dorsal) horn mediated (excitation/inhibition) of C fibers input is a potential hypoalgesic mechanism of spinal manipulation for asymptomatic patients
dorsal; inhibition
37
Rubbing your elbow after bumping it on something is an example of what
the pain gate control theory and inhibiting C fibers
38
Manual therapy can act as an immediate ____ in the lumbar spine following mobilizations and can be an immediate ____ in the thoracic spine.
hypoalgesia; anagelsic
39
Manual therapy can increase ___ ___ which is needed for desensitizing nerves
blood flow
40
Manual therapy can increase blood flow which is needed for ____ nerves
desensitizing
41
Placebos are shown to have a ___ effect on pain
robust
42
Placebos are shown to have what 3 biological effects
changes in CNS activation, opioid pathways, and dopamine production
43
Placebos are show to have what 3 psychological responses
Expectation of benefit, conditioning/learning effect, negative effect
44
Manual therapy at the ___ can have a neuromuscular effect on shoulder pain
neck
45
Manual therapy at the ___ can have a neuromuscular effect on bicep contractions
neck
46
Manual therapy at the ___ can have a neuromuscular effect on shoulder impingement
neck
47
Manual therapy at the ___ can have a neuromuscular effect on quadricep contractions
lumbar spine
48
Doing PT first over other interventions and health care profession can save a lot of ___ and ___.
time and money
49
Without sound clinical reasoning, therapists become _____
technicians
50
State what clinical patterns include
Syndromes, predisposing factors, precautions, "if....then.." statements, and prognosis
51
What are 4 common errors in clinical reasoning
1. Overemphasizing findings 2. Misinterpreting info as confirming hypothesis 3. Ignoring favoring info 4. Incorrect interpretations
52
What term is defined as an awareness and ability to think about your thinking
metacognition
53
Metacognition requires ____ in action and ____ in action.
knowing; reflection
54
Clinical reasoning is the application of ____ ____ and clinical ____ to patient management on an ____ level
relevant knowledge; skills; individual
55
What individual should we tie with the 4 questions that patients want to know
Louis Gifford
56
According to Louis Gifford, what are the four questions patients want to know
1. What is wrong with me 2. How long will it take 3. What can I (the patient) do for it 4. What can you (the clinician) do for it
57
What are the 7 categories of reasoning
1. Sources 2. Prognosis 3. Management 4. Pathobiology 5. Contributing factors 6. Dysfunction 7. Precautions
58
"Find it and fix it" falls under which category of reasoning
sources
59
Finding a source of pain is (easier/harder) for acute conditions and (easier/harder) for widespread pain
easier; harder
60
"despite the pain" falls under which category of reasoning
prognosis
61
If you only focus on pain, you're likely to have a (good/poor) prognosis. We should focus on ____.
poor; function
62
Finding "THE ANSWER" falls under which category of reasoning
management
63
True or False: No single profession or approach has "THE ANSWER"
true
64
The more (simple/complex) the pain, the more likely a multidisciplinary approach is needed
complex
65
Outputs, inputs, and processing falls under which category of reasoning
pathobiology
66
Pain, action programs, and stress regulations are (inputs/outputs/processing via neuromatrix)
outputs
67
Tissue sampling and environment are (inputs/outputs/processing via neuromatrix)
inputs
68
Sensory and cognitive experience/attention are (inputs/outputs/processing via neuromatrix)
processing via neuromatrix
69
Nociception and peripheral nerves are (inputs/outputs/processing via neuromatrix)
input dominant
70
Input dominant pain is easy to treat with knowledge of ____ and ____.
tissues and neurodynamics
71
CNS, brain, central sensitization, hyperalgesia, and allodynia are (inputs/outputs/processing via neuromatrix)
processing dominant
72
Yellow flags fall under which category of reasoning
contributing factors
73
The reason why a patient comes to see a PT falls under which category of reasoning
dysfunction
74
Safety concerns and awareness falls under which category of reasoning
precautions
75
Clinical reasoning is (simple/complex), Needs ____, and is (less/more) important than treatment itself, and is essential to expert clinicians.
complex practice more
76
What is the central theme of the Maitland concept
empathy
77
True or False: The maitland concept can be used when using any treatment paradig
true
78
According to the Matiland concept, what is the biggest problem in treatment
The lack of understanding why the technique is being used and its effect, so the technique becomes less important
79
What is the most important part of the maitland concept
the assessment
80
The assessment is ____ because it happens before, during, and after treatmet
continuous
81
True or False Document EVERYTHING
true
82
What term is defined as objective measures
sign
83
What term is defined as patient subjective reporting
symptoms
84
What term is defined as active or passive movement of joint
physiological movement
85
What term is defined as spin, roll, and glide of the articular surfaces necessary for normal physiological movement
accessory movement
86
What term is defined as measurements of progress that are easily identifiable
comparative signs
87
What term is defined as end ROM with overpressure not eliciting symptoms
clear
88
When should there be NO indication for mobs or manipulation
if the pain is not within the spine or joint
89
True or False: Age is a contraindication for manipulation
false, it is not
90
Some of the best results for mobs are seen in ____ patiens
elderly
91
Never force through ____ ____, find the cause of it first.
muscle spasms
92
If mobs are not producing a result, what do you do next
Then mobs are not indicated. If other treatment is not working, send them back to the doctors
93
Be careful with (acute/chronic) pain because it is complex and warrants a healthy respect and knowledge
chronic
94
Always be careful when treating ___ patients because of their pain response, healing time, and ability to express pain
young

MS II (14 decks)

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