Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

► Med - Neuroanatomy > Exam #2: Lab > Flashcards

Exam #2: Lab Flashcards

1
Q

What sensations are conveyed by the DC/ML pathway?

A

Proprioception
Discriminative touch
Vibratory sense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What sensations are conveyed by the Spinothalamic Tract?

A

Pain
Temperature
Crude Touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Lissaruer’s Tract?

A

White matter tract just above the dorsal horn of the grey matter—these are myelianted axons from cell bodies in the first order neurons of the ascending Spinothalamic/ Anterolateral tract that carry:

  • pain
  • temp
  • crude touch
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the substantia gelatinosa?

A

2nd order neurons of the Spinothalamic Tract (from Lissauer’s Tract—ascend or descend 1st) that carry:

  • pain
  • temp
  • crude touch
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where does the spinothalamic tract cross over?

A

Anterior white commissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the fasiculus gracilis?

A

This is part of the DC/ML pathway thats transmits:

  • Proprioception
  • Fine discriminating touch

*****From T6 down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the intermediolateral cell column in the sacral spinal cord?

A
  • Lateral column of the spinal cord

- PNS cell bodies located at S2, 3, & 4 that are PRE-GANGLIONIC cell bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens above T6 in the dorsal faniculi?

A

The fasiculus cuneatus emerges lateral to the fasiculus gracilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

At T4, what cell bodies are present in the interolateral cell column?

A

SNS—pre-ganglionic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which is medial, Fasiculus Gracilis or Cuneatus?

A

Fasiculus Gracilis—always next to the dorsal median sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What separates the Fasiculus Cuneatus & Gracilis?

A

Dorsal/ posterior intermediate sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the Dorsal Nucleus of Clarke or Clarke’s Nucleus?

A

Nucleus in the thoracic cord that transmits proprioceptive fibers from the spinal cord to the cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In reference to the spinothalamic tract, what happens in the upper cervical spinal cord i.e. C1-C5?

A

This is the location of the junction between Lissauer’s Tract & CN V

  • pain
  • temp
  • crude touch

*****All still being carried by these fibers; however, now they’re being carried by the cranial nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens to the substania gelatinosa in the upper cervical region?

A

This is now the “Spinal Nucleus of CN V” or the “Gelatinosa” portion of CN V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the Gracile Tubercle?

A

Posterior swelling in the medulla that is the anatomic landmark for nucleus gracilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the Cuneate Tubercle? Where is it relative to the Gracile Tubercle?

A

This is the anatomic landmark for the cuneate nucleus in the medulla

*****It is superior & lateral to the Gracile Tubercle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In the caudal medulla cross-section, what is the clearer staining region in the Fasciculus Gracilis?

A

Gracile Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In the caudal medulla cross-section, what is the clearer staining region inferior to the Fasiculus Cuneatus?

A

Cuneate Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What order neurons are in the Gracile Nucleus & Cuneate Nucleus?

A

These are the 2nd order neurons of the DC/ML pathway (proprioception & discriminative touch)

**Has NOT crossed over yet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the fibers that cross-over in the DC/ML pathway?

A

Internal arcuate fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where are the internal arcuate fibers synapsing?

A

Gracile Nucleus & Cuneate Nucleus to the Medial Lemniscus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How is the ML organized?

A

Somatotopically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Outline the somatotopic organization of the ML in the medulla at the level of the sensory decussation.

A

“Drunken sailor that is still standing upright”

Neck 
Hand 
Chest 
Arm 
Leg 
Foot
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the landmark for the rostral medualla?

A

Open 4th ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What does the inferior cerebellar peduncle connect?
Cerebellum to the medulla & spinal cord
26
What is the landmark for the caudal pons?
``` Closed 4th ventricle Basilar pons (transverse fibers) ```
27
In the caudal pons, what region are the spinothalamic & DC/ML pathways in?
Tegmentum
28
How does somatotopic arrangement of the ML change in the caudal pons?
"Drunken sailor" gets a bit drunker & slouches i.e. becomes more horizontal
29
What is the landmark for the rostral pons?
Cerebellar hemispheres come into view
30
What happens to the ML & spinothalamic pathways in the rostral pons?
These previously distinct pathways merge in the tegmentum
31
How does somatotopic arrangement of the ML change in the rostral pons?
"Drunken sailor" has passed out & is now completely horizontal w/ feet lateral
32
What are the landmarks for the caudal midbrain?
- Cerebral aqueduct & the periaqueductal grey | - Decussation of the SCP
33
What is the periaqueductal grey associated with?
Pain transmission
34
What happens to the ML in the caudal midbrain?
Inverted somatotopic arrangement as the pathways has been pushed laterally ****I.e. "drunken sailer" is now upside-down
35
What are the landmarks for the rostral midbrain?
Red Nucleus
36
How has the somatotopic arrangement of the ML changed in the rostral midbrain?
Completely inverted with the feet region laterally & neck medially
37
What is the landmark for the two geniculate nuclei?
Thalamus
38
What are the crus cerebri?
White matter tracts coming down from the cerebral cortex into the pons
39
What nucleus of the thalamus are the spinothalamic & DC/ML pathways synapsing with?
VPL
40
Where are the axons of the VPL nucleus of the thalamus synapsing?
Posterior limb of the internal capsule
41
What are the third order neurons of the spinothalamic & DC/ML pathways?
VPL
42
Where are the axons of the VPL nucleus of the thalamus going?
Post-central gyrus of the cerebral cortex i.e. the somatosenory cortex
43
What is the alternate name for the corticospinal tract?
Pyramidal Tract
44
What is the alternate name for the corticonuclear tract?
Bulbar Tract
45
Where are the cell bodies of the neurons composing the corticospinal & corticonuclear tracts located?
Pre-central gyrus of the cerebral cortex
46
What is the lateral corticospinal tract?
UMNs of the corticospinal tract that have descended from the pre-central gyrus & crosse-over to the lateral faniculus
47
What is the anterior corticospinal tract?
UMNs of the corticospinal tract that have descended from the pre-central gyrus & NOT crossed-over, they remain midline & form the anterior faniculus
48
What type of neurons are the neurons of the lateral & anterior corticopsinal tracts?
UMN
49
What neurons do the anterior & lateral corticospinal tract synapse with?
LMNs in the anterior horn of the grey matter
50
Where in the pre-central gyrus does the corticonuclear originate?
Facial region (near the lateral sulcus) of the somatotopic arrangement
51
Where in the pre-central gyrus does the corticospinal tract originate?
Upper arm & trunk region (medial portion of the lateral aspect) in the somatotopic arrangement of the pre-central gyrus
52
What blood vessel supply the lateral surface of the cortex/ pre-central? What area of the body will be affected?
MCA- CONTRAlateral side of the body
53
What blood vessel supplies the medial surface of the cortex?
Anterior cerebral artery – CONTRAlateral side of the body
54
What are the parts of the internal capsule?
Anterior limb Genu Posterior limb
55
Where is the anterior limb of the internal capsule located?
Between the caudate nucleus & globus pallidus
56
What fibers are associated with the genu of the internal capsule?
Descending fibers of the corticonuclear tract associated with the head
57
What fibers are associated with the posterior limb of the internal capsule?
Descending fibers of the corticospinal tract i.e. fibers associated with the UE, trunk, & leg
58
What is the landmark for the posterior limb of the internal capsule on coronal section?
Thalamus
59
What does the posterior limb of the internal capsule continue into?
Crus cerebri & pons
60
What are the hallmark’s of the rostral midbrain? Name four.
Cerebral aqueduct Red nucleus Superior colliculus Crus cerebri
61
What is the epithalamus part of?
Diencephalon
62
What is medial in the crus cerebri, the corticospinal or corticonuclear tract?
Corticonuclear tract
63
What are the hallmarks of the caudal midbrain? Name three.
Crus Cerebri Decussation of the SCP Rostral pons
64
What is the major hallmark of the rostal midbrain?
Red Nucleus
65
What are the hallmarks of the rostral pons?
``` Cerebellar hemispheres Open 4th ventricle SCP & MCP Tegmentum Basilar Pons ```
66
What happens to the corticospinal & corticonuclear tracts in the rostral pons?
These tracts blend
67
What is the hallmark of the caudal pons?
Closed 4th ventricle | Basal pons
68
What is the hallmark of the rostral medulla?
Open 4th ventricle | Infra-olivary nucleus
69
What do the corticospinal & corticonuclear tracts merge to form in the rostral medualla?
Pyramids
70
How do you know that you’re in the caudal medulla on cross-section?
Infra-olivary nucleus WITHOUT 4th ventricle
71
Where do the corticonuclear tracts disappear from the brain?
Caudal medulla
72
Where does the decussation of the corticospinal tracts occur?
Caudal medulla
73
Describe the morphology of the decussation of the corticospinal tract.
Heart in caudal medulla ****Note that ~85% decussate; 15% does NOT
74
Which distal section of the corticospinal tract DOES NOT decussate?
Anterior corticospinal tract
75
Which distal section of the corticospinal tract DOES decussate?
Lateral corticospinal tract
76
What is located in the anterior horn of the spinal cord?
LMN cell bodies
77
Where does the anterior corticospinal tract decussate?
Anterior white commissure at the specific level the nerve innervates

► Med - Neuroanatomy (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions