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Anatomy and Biochemisty > Exam 2 Koh- Retina Biochem 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Koh- Retina Biochem 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Functional role of retinol

A

Transport

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2
Q

Functional role of retinal

A

Visual transduction

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3
Q

Functional role of retinoic acid

A

Synthesis

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4
Q

Functional role of retinyl ester

A

Storage

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5
Q

What are isomerase and ARAT coupled as?

A

Isomerosynthase

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6
Q

What are absent in Mueller cells?

A

LRAT and RPE65

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7
Q

What gene is retinitis pigmentosa associated with?

A

RGR and RHO

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8
Q

What gene is fundus albipunctatus associated with?

A

RDH5

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9
Q

What gene is leber congenital amaurosis associated with?

A

RPE65 and EDH12

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10
Q

What gene is leber congenital amaurosis associated with?

A

LRAT

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11
Q

What gene is Stargardt disease and macular degeneration associated with?

A

ABCA4

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12
Q

What do mutations in RPE65 cause?

A

LCA and severe recessive RP

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13
Q

What is the difference in the speed of the photoresponse between rods and cones?

A

Rod is sensitive, but slow; cone is noisier but fast

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14
Q

Rods are for ______ resolution; cones are for ______ resolution

A

Temporal, spatial

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15
Q

What is the peak absorption rate of the blue cone?

A

437 nm

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16
Q

What is the peak absorption rate of the rod?

A

498 nm

17
Q

What is the peak absorption rate of the green cone?

A

533 nm

18
Q

What is the peak absorption rate of the red cone?

A

564 nm

19
Q

Only ___ morphological type of bipolar cell connects with the rod photoreceptors

A

One

20
Q

The invaginating contact bears metabotropic _______ receptors in the rod bipolar dendrite membrane

A

Glutamate

21
Q

The output of the rod bipolar ribbon is to what?

A

A dyad of amacrine

22
Q

Ganglion cells with dendrits in sublamina a respond to light how?

A

With a hyperpolarizing or OFF-center response

23
Q

Ganglion cells with dendrits in sublamina b respond how?

A

With a depolarizing or ON-center response

24
Q

Rod bipolar is interconnected by what?

A

A17 amacrine cell

25
Q

What are the 2 type of glutamate receptors?

A

OFF-bc: AMPA-kainate (iGluR) and ON-bc:mGluR6, Go

26
Q

What is an OFF-center cell?

A

Sublamina a (outer part of retina)

27
Q

What is an ON-center cell?

A

Sublamina b (inner part of retina)

28
Q

Cone bipolar cells ______ synapses with ganglion cell

A

Directly

29
Q

Horizontal cells facilitate _____ inhibition

A

Lateral

30
Q

How many types of ganglion cells are there?

A

More than 20

Anatomy and Biochemisty (15 decks)

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