Exam 2 key terms Flashcards
Marfan’s Syndrome (connective tissue disorder)
Abdominal aneurysm
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
Cause of hematuria seen in children
Increased (A)PTT
Hemophilia
- Most common inherited bleeding disorder
- Varied genetics - can be AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT
Von Willibrand’s disease
- Inadequate platelet plug prolongs Bleeding Time test
- Normal (A)PTT and PT tests
Von Willibrand’s disease
Abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside uterus
Endometriosis
uncontrolled proliferation of malignant leukocytes
Leukemia
Auer rods
Acute Myelogeneous Leukemia (AML)
Suppression of Ab production so risk of infections increases
CLL
- Philadelphia chromosome: Transposition of chromosomes 9 and 22
- Radiation – cancer treatment and wars
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Chronic Phase, Accelerated Phase, Blast Crisis Phase
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Reed-Sternberg cells (OWL EYES)
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Testing: Lack RS (Reed-Sternberg) cells
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
“Starry sky” pattern
Burkett’s lymphoma
Plasma cell neoplasm
Multiple myeloma
- chromosome 13 deletion (50% of cases)
- Link to infection by Human Herpes Virus 8 (HHV-8)
- Kaposi’s sarcoma – HHV-8
Multiple myeloma
Suppression humoral immunity recurrent infections
Multiple myeloma
[RANKL]
Multiple myeloma
Bence Jones protein
Multiple myeloma
Immunoglobulin light chain found in blood and urine
Multiple myeloma
- Contributes to damage of renal tubular cells
- PUNCHED OUT LESIONS on X-RAY
Multiple myeloma
- Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococcus
- Delayed exaggerated immune response
Rheumatic Fever
STERILE VEGETATIONS
Rheumatic Fever
Mistaken for ringworm
Rheumatic Fever
Causes of pericarditis
1) Viral (90%)
2) MI
3) AI
4) Trauma
FRICTION RUB
Pericarditis
Causes of toxic shock syndrome
Cause:
1) Staph aureus
2) Group A beta hemolytic strep
3) Tampons, contraceptive sponges/diaphragm
4) Wounds
Treponema pallidum
Syphilis
Non- itchy rash on body, palms and soles
Syphilis
Testing for syphilis
Testing:
1) RPR – Rapid Plasma Reagin Test (can test asymptomatic people)
2) spirochetes under dark-field microscopy
Group A Streptococcus
Pharyngitis and laryngitis
Red or cola-colored urine due to damaged filter (hematuria)
Strep throat
Triad: Fever, Pharyngitis, Lymphadenopathy
Mononucleosis
Odynophagia (painful swallowing)
Dyshagia
Lesion to Broca =
-nonfluent aphasia
slow speech, difficulty in choosing words
Lesion to Wernicke =
- fluent aphasia
speech normal and excessive, but makes little sense
At risk populations for pnemonia
At risk populations:
1) People w/ underlying chronic diseases
2) Immunocompromised patients
3) Nosocomial infections
Productive cough, wheezing
Acute bronchitis
- Smoking/Secondhand smoke
- Genetic (Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency)
Causes of COPD emphysema
Pink puffers:
Emphysema
Blue bloater:
Chronic bronchitis
Tx for asthma
- Bronchodilator (Beta 2 Agonist)
- Inhaled Steroids
Autosomal recessive (chromosome 7) > Chloride metabolism
Cystic fibrosis
Signs and Symptoms of cystic fibrosis
- persistent cough, wheezing, frequent infections (pneumonia), clubbing and barrel chest develop over time
- Failure to Thrive (FTT) - low weight based upon age due to malabsorption of nutrients and meconium ileus
- Frequent loose, oily stools due to pancreatic dysfunction
- Possible diabetes due to pancreatic autodigestion
- Possible infertility due to vas deferens occlusion
Although frequently described as a collapse of lung tissue, atelectasis is NOT synonymous with?
A pneumothorax, which is a more specific condition that features atelectasis.
Coccidioides immitis
Coccidioidomycosis- Valley Fever Erythema nodosum (painful disorder of subcutaneous fat)
