Exam 2 key terms

Question 1

Marfan’s Syndrome (connective tissue disorder)

Answer 1

Abdominal aneurysm

Question 2

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

Answer 2

Cause of hematuria seen in children

Question 3

Increased (A)PTT

Answer 3

Hemophilia

Question 4

• Most common inherited bleeding disorder

- Varied genetics - can be AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT

Answer 4

Von Willibrand’s disease

Question 5

• Inadequate platelet plug prolongs Bleeding Time test

- Normal (A)PTT and PT tests

Answer 5

Von Willibrand’s disease

Question 6

Abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside uterus

Answer 6

Endometriosis

Question 7

uncontrolled proliferation of malignant leukocytes

Answer 7

Leukemia

Question 8

Auer rods

Answer 8

Acute Myelogeneous Leukemia (AML)

Question 9

Suppression of Ab production so risk of infections increases

Answer 9

CLL

Question 10

• Philadelphia chromosome: Transposition of chromosomes 9 and 22
• Radiation – cancer treatment and wars

Answer 10

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)

Question 11

Chronic Phase, Accelerated Phase, Blast Crisis Phase

Answer 11

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)

Question 12

Reed-Sternberg cells (OWL EYES)

Answer 12

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Question 13

Testing: Lack RS (Reed-Sternberg) cells

Answer 13

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Question 14

“Starry sky” pattern

Answer 14

Burkett’s lymphoma

Question 15

Plasma cell neoplasm

Answer 15

Multiple myeloma

Question 16

• chromosome 13 deletion (50% of cases)
• Link to infection by Human Herpes Virus 8 (HHV-8)
• Kaposi’s sarcoma – HHV-8

Answer 16

Multiple myeloma

Question 17

Suppression humoral immunity  recurrent infections

Answer 17

Multiple myeloma

Question 18

[RANKL]

Answer 18

Multiple myeloma

Question 19

Bence Jones protein

Answer 19

Multiple myeloma

Question 20

Immunoglobulin light chain found in blood and urine

Answer 20

Multiple myeloma

Question 21

• Contributes to damage of renal tubular cells

- PUNCHED OUT LESIONS on X-RAY

Answer 21

Multiple myeloma

Question 22

• Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococcus

- Delayed exaggerated immune response

Answer 22

Rheumatic Fever

Question 23

STERILE VEGETATIONS

Answer 23

Rheumatic Fever

Question 24

Mistaken for ringworm

Answer 24

Rheumatic Fever

Question 25

Causes of pericarditis

Answer 25

1) Viral (90%) 2) MI 3) AI 4) Trauma

Question 26

FRICTION RUB

Answer 26

Pericarditis

Question 27

Causes of toxic shock syndrome

Answer 27

Cause: 1) Staph aureus 2) Group A beta hemolytic strep 3) Tampons, contraceptive sponges/diaphragm 4) Wounds

Question 28

Treponema pallidum

Answer 28

Syphilis

Question 29

Non- itchy rash on body, palms and soles

Answer 29

Syphilis

Question 30

Testing for syphilis

Answer 30

Testing: 1) RPR – Rapid Plasma Reagin Test (can test asymptomatic people) 2) spirochetes under dark-field microscopy

Question 31

Group A Streptococcus

Answer 31

Pharyngitis and laryngitis

Question 32

Red or cola-colored urine due to damaged filter (hematuria)

Answer 32

Strep throat

Question 33

Triad: Fever, Pharyngitis, Lymphadenopathy

Answer 33

Mononucleosis

Question 34

Odynophagia (painful swallowing)

Answer 34

Dyshagia

Question 35

Lesion to Broca =

Answer 35

-nonfluent aphasia | slow speech, difficulty in choosing words

Question 36

Lesion to Wernicke =

Answer 36

- fluent aphasia | speech normal and excessive, but makes little sense

Question 37

At risk populations for pnemonia

Answer 37

At risk populations: 1) People w/ underlying chronic diseases 2) Immunocompromised patients 3) Nosocomial infections

Question 38

Productive cough, wheezing

Answer 38

Acute bronchitis

Question 39

- Smoking/Secondhand smoke | - Genetic (Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency)

Answer 39

Causes of COPD emphysema

Question 40

Pink puffers:

Answer 40

Emphysema

Question 41

Blue bloater:

Answer 41

Chronic bronchitis

Question 42

Tx for asthma

Answer 42

- Bronchodilator (Beta 2 Agonist) | - Inhaled Steroids

Question 43

Autosomal recessive (chromosome 7) > Chloride metabolism

Answer 43

Cystic fibrosis

Question 44

Signs and Symptoms of cystic fibrosis

Answer 44

- persistent cough, wheezing, frequent infections (pneumonia), clubbing and barrel chest develop over time - Failure to Thrive (FTT) - low weight based upon age due to malabsorption of nutrients and meconium ileus - Frequent loose, oily stools due to pancreatic dysfunction - Possible diabetes due to pancreatic autodigestion - Possible infertility due to vas deferens occlusion

Question 45

Although frequently described as a collapse of lung tissue, atelectasis is NOT synonymous with?

Answer 45

A pneumothorax, which is a more specific condition that features atelectasis.

Question 46

Coccidioides immitis

Answer 46

``` Coccidioidomycosis- Valley Fever Erythema nodosum (painful disorder of subcutaneous fat) ```