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Pathophysiology > Exam 2 key terms > Flashcards

Exam 2 key terms Flashcards

1
Q

Marfan’s Syndrome (connective tissue disorder)

A

Abdominal aneurysm

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2
Q

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

A

Cause of hematuria seen in children

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3
Q

Increased (A)PTT

A

Hemophilia

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4
Q
  • Most common inherited bleeding disorder

- Varied genetics - can be AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT

A

Von Willibrand’s disease

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5
Q
  • Inadequate platelet plug prolongs Bleeding Time test

- Normal (A)PTT and PT tests

A

Von Willibrand’s disease

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6
Q

Abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside uterus

A

Endometriosis

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7
Q

uncontrolled proliferation of malignant leukocytes

A

Leukemia

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8
Q

Auer rods

A

Acute Myelogeneous Leukemia (AML)

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9
Q

Suppression of Ab production so risk of infections increases

A

CLL

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10
Q
  • Philadelphia chromosome: Transposition of chromosomes 9 and 22
  • Radiation – cancer treatment and wars
A

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)

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11
Q

Chronic Phase, Accelerated Phase, Blast Crisis Phase

A

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)

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12
Q

Reed-Sternberg cells (OWL EYES)

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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13
Q

Testing: Lack RS (Reed-Sternberg) cells

A

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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14
Q

“Starry sky” pattern

A

Burkett’s lymphoma

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15
Q

Plasma cell neoplasm

A

Multiple myeloma

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16
Q
  • chromosome 13 deletion (50% of cases)
  • Link to infection by Human Herpes Virus 8 (HHV-8)
  • Kaposi’s sarcoma – HHV-8
A

Multiple myeloma

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17
Q

Suppression humoral immunity  recurrent infections

A

Multiple myeloma

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18
Q

[RANKL]

A

Multiple myeloma

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19
Q

Bence Jones protein

A

Multiple myeloma

20
Q

Immunoglobulin light chain found in blood and urine

A

Multiple myeloma

21
Q
  • Contributes to damage of renal tubular cells

- PUNCHED OUT LESIONS on X-RAY

A

Multiple myeloma

22
Q
  • Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococcus

- Delayed exaggerated immune response

A

Rheumatic Fever

23
Q

STERILE VEGETATIONS

A

Rheumatic Fever

24
Q

Mistaken for ringworm

A

Rheumatic Fever

25
Q

Causes of pericarditis

A

1) Viral (90%)
2) MI
3) AI
4) Trauma

26
Q

FRICTION RUB

A

Pericarditis

27
Q

Causes of toxic shock syndrome

A

Cause:

1) Staph aureus
2) Group A beta hemolytic strep
3) Tampons, contraceptive sponges/diaphragm
4) Wounds

28
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

Syphilis

29
Q

Non- itchy rash on body, palms and soles

A

Syphilis

30
Q

Testing for syphilis

A

Testing:

1) RPR – Rapid Plasma Reagin Test (can test asymptomatic people)
2) spirochetes under dark-field microscopy

31
Q

Group A Streptococcus

A

Pharyngitis and laryngitis

32
Q

Red or cola-colored urine due to damaged filter (hematuria)

A

Strep throat

33
Q

Triad: Fever, Pharyngitis, Lymphadenopathy

A

Mononucleosis

34
Q

Odynophagia (painful swallowing)

A

Dyshagia

35
Q

Lesion to Broca =

A

-nonfluent aphasia

slow speech, difficulty in choosing words

36
Q

Lesion to Wernicke =

A
  • fluent aphasia

speech normal and excessive, but makes little sense

37
Q

At risk populations for pnemonia

A

At risk populations:

1) People w/ underlying chronic diseases
2) Immunocompromised patients
3) Nosocomial infections

38
Q

Productive cough, wheezing

A

Acute bronchitis

39
Q
  • Smoking/Secondhand smoke

- Genetic (Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency)

A

Causes of COPD emphysema

40
Q

Pink puffers:

A

Emphysema

41
Q

Blue bloater:

A

Chronic bronchitis

42
Q

Tx for asthma

A
  • Bronchodilator (Beta 2 Agonist)

- Inhaled Steroids

43
Q

Autosomal recessive (chromosome 7) > Chloride metabolism

A

Cystic fibrosis

44
Q

Signs and Symptoms of cystic fibrosis

A
  • persistent cough, wheezing, frequent infections (pneumonia), clubbing and barrel chest develop over time
  • Failure to Thrive (FTT) - low weight based upon age due to malabsorption of nutrients and meconium ileus
  • Frequent loose, oily stools due to pancreatic dysfunction
  • Possible diabetes due to pancreatic autodigestion
  • Possible infertility due to vas deferens occlusion
45
Q

Although frequently described as a collapse of lung tissue, atelectasis is NOT synonymous with?

A

A pneumothorax, which is a more specific condition that features atelectasis.

46
Q

Coccidioides immitis

A 
Coccidioidomycosis- Valley Fever
Erythema nodosum (painful disorder of subcutaneous fat)

Pathophysiology (22 decks)

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