Exam 2: Injuries to the Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg Flashcards
What are the ligaments associated with high ankle sprains (ankle mortice)?
- Anterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament
- Posterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament
- Interosseous ligament
- Interosseous membrane
What are the 4 ligaments that comprise the medial Deltoid ligament of the ankle?
Deltoid (medial) ligament:
- Tibionavicular ligament
- Tibiocalcaneal ligament
- Anterior Tibiotalar ligament
- Posterior tibiotalar ligament
What 3 ligaments make up the lateral ankle?
- Anterior talofibular ligament
- Calcaneofibular ligament
- Posterior talofibular ligament
What is the function of the Anterior Talofibular ligament?
- Prevents talus from coming out of mortice anteriorly
2. provides stability
What are the three ligaments in the Inferior Tibio-Fibular Joint?
1) Anterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament
2) Posterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligamen
3) Interosseous ligament
4) Interosseous membrane
What is a syndesmosis joint?
fibrous articulation with opposing surfaces united by ligaments
What are the three syndesmosis joints in the body?
tibia-fibula
ulna-radius
pubic symphysis
What is the MOI of a high ankle sprain?
Injury to anterior and posterior INFERIOR Tibiofemoral ligaments
- forced external rotation of the leg
- simultaneous rotation of the lower leg
- sudden external rotation causes talus to press against fibula, opening the syndesmosis
- hyperextension of the foot
What is the Maisonneuve’s fracture?
fracture of the proximal fibula
What are the muscles and ligament associated with the medial arch?
- Tibialis posterior
- Flexor digitalis Longus
- Flexor hallucis Longus
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
Thompson test
Achilles’ tendon
Fracture evaluation
1) visual inspection - obvious deformity, swelling
2) palpation - point tenderness, swelling
3) stress tests - heel tap, compression, vibration
4) weight bearing
5) gait analysis
