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Microbiology > Exam 2- Fungi > Flashcards

Exam 2- Fungi Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are fungi?

A

heterotrophic eukaryotes that acquire nutrition through absorption

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2
Q

What domain do fungi belong to?

A

the eukarya domain with plants, animals, & protists (not bacteria)

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3
Q

What does heterotrophic mean?

A

unable to fix carbon

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4
Q

What does absorptive nutrition mean?

A

enzymes breakdown larger molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the fungus

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5
Q

How do most fungi grow?

A

as hyphae

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6
Q

What do fungi usually produce?

A

spores (both sexual & asexual)

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7
Q

What are hyphae?

A

branching tubes

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8
Q

What is a network of hyphae called?

A

the mycelium

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9
Q

Some fungi grow as…

A

yeasts

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10
Q

Some fungi are….

A

dimorphic

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11
Q

Explain asexual spores.

A

produced through mitosis, clonal reproduction

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12
Q

Explain sexual spores.

A

either produced through meiosis or meiosis occurs within the spore, meiotic spores

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13
Q

What are cell walls mainly composed of?

A

chitin & beta-glucan

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14
Q

What do fungi contain in the cell membranes?

A

ergosterol

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15
Q

Examples of poisonous & hallucinogenic mushrooms.

A

Amanita phalloides & Amanita muscaria

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16
Q

What does fermentation produce as waste products?

A

alcohol & gas

17
Q

What antibiotic is produced by a fungus?

A

Penicillin

18
Q

What are the 2 main types of mycorrhizae?

A

ectomycorrhizae & endomycorrhizae

19
Q

What’s the estimated amount of fungal species?

A

1.5-5 million

20
Q

How many fungal species can infect people?

A

~300

21
Q

What is needed for fungi to cause disease in humans?

A

needs to grow at or above 37C, need to invade human tissue, need to digest & absorb nutrients from human tissue, & need to escape the human immune system.

22
Q

What usually causes superficial infections of skin & nails?

A

Microsporum or Trichophyton spp.

23
Q

What usually causes mucosal infections?

A

Candida species

Microbiology (11 decks)

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