Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OU Immunology > Exam 2 Cytokines > Flashcards

Exam 2 Cytokines Flashcards

1
Q

IL 2, 4, 12

A
  • IL 2 will activate most t cells

- IL 4 and 12 are highly differentiated; helps T cell decide where to go

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cytokines as an inflammatory mediator

A

IL-1, TNFa, IL-12, IFNg. Promote inflammation by inducing adhesion molecules on leukocytes and endothelium and activating other leukocytes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

chemokines as an inflammatory mediator

A

Stimulate leukocyte movement (chemotaxis). Examples are IL-8 and IP-10 secreted by activated macrophages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which cytokines helps the T cell decide which path to take to differentiate?

A

IL12 and IL4; they are produced by dendritic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  • TH1 differentiation

- release cytokine

A
  • IL-12, IFN-γ

- IL-12, IFN-γ, TNF-β

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  • TH2 differentiation

- release cytokine

A
  • IL-4

- IL-4, IL-5, 1L-6, IL-10, IL-13

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  • TH17 differentiation

- release cytokine

A
  • IL-6, IL-23

- IL-17, IL-6, IL-22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  • Tfh differentiation

- release cytokine

A
  • IL-16, TGF-β, (not sure about IL-23)

- IL-21

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  • Treg differentiation

- release cytokine

A
  • TGF-β
  • TGF-β, IL-10
  • characteristic: FoxP3
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

TGF-β

A
  • made by Treg and other cell types
  • promote B cells to produce IgA
  • promote mucosal immunity
  • anti-inflammatory
  • promote healing
  • promote cell and tissue differentiation
  • decrease class II MHC expression
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

IL-10

A
  • produced by TH2, Treg, M2
  • anti-inflammatory
  • does TH2 stuffs
  • promote B cells to produce IgA
  • promote mucosal immunity
  • change macrophage from inflammatory to pro-healing
  • promote cell and tissue differentiation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

IL-12

A
  • produced by APC
  • major APC signal
  • induce IL-2R
  • induce IFNγ
  • enhances activity of NK cells and CTL
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

IL-2

A
  • produced by TH1 cells
  • T cell proliferation and function
  • enhances cytotoxic activity of NK cells and CTL
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

IFNγ

A
  • produced by TH1 and macrophages
  • pro-inflammatory
  • enhance activity of macrophage
  • isotype switch to IgG1
  • enhances cytotoxic activity of NK cells and CTL
  • upregulate class I and II MHC expression by mane cell types
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

TNF-β

A
  • B cell proliferation
  • Ig production
  • phagocyte activity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does inflammatory cytokines do?

A
  • make capillaries leaky
  • increase expression of adhesion molecules
  • attract inflammatory cells
17
Q

What makes inflammatory cytokines?

A
  • macrophage
  • dendritic cells
  • PMN
18
Q

What are the classes of inflammatory cytokines?

A
  • interleukins
  • interferons
  • chemokines
19
Q

IL-1

A
  • secreted by various APC and most cell types
  • pro-inflammatory
  • make capillaries leaky
  • induce adhesion molecule expression
  • induce chemokine production
20
Q

TGF-α

A
  • made by macrophages, TH1 cells, and mast cells
  • THE primary inflammatory cytokine
  • cytotoxic to tumor cells
  • induce cytokine secretion by inflammatory cells
  • primary mediator of septic shock
  • associated with chronic inflammatory diseases
21
Q

IFNα

A
  • non IL cytokines
  • antiviral
  • induce MHC class I on all somaatic cells
  • activate macrophage and NK
  • can be made by all nucleated cells
22
Q

IFNβ

A
  • non IL cytokines
  • antiviral
  • induce MHC class I on all somaatic cells
  • activate macrophage and NK
  • can be made by all nucleated cells
23
Q

Define chemokines

A
  • tell cells where to go
  • considered pro-inflammatory
  • stick to inside of capillaries (can act as adhesion molecules)
24
Q

IL-8

A
  • same thing as CXCL8
  • come from macrophage and other somatic cells
  • pro-inflammatory
  • chemoattractant for neutrophils and T cells
  • angiogenic
25
Q

Chemokine receptors

A
  • expressed on all immune cells
  • cells can express multiple chemokine receptors
  • certain cehmokines can bind to more than one receptor
26
Q

CXC or alpha chemokines

A
  • ELR+ in amino terminus: Attract neutrophils; Primary role in acute inflammation
  • ELR-: Bind CXCR3, mostly on T Cells; Primary role in chronic inflammation
27
Q

CC or beta chemokines

A
  • Receptors on: activated T cells, immature dendritic cells

- play role in chronic inflammation

28
Q

IL-4

A
  • TH0 -> TH2
  • induce Ig class switch to IgG1 and IgE
  • stimulates mast cell growth
29
Q

IL-5

A
  • released from TH2 cells and mast cells- receptor induced on TH2 cells
  • Ab secretion and class switch
30
Q

IL-6

A
  • produced by macrophages and other cells
  • considered pro-inflammatory
  • induce acute inflammatory phase response
  • increase insulin sensitivity
31
Q

IL-3

A
  • from T-cells

- support growth of early hematopeietic progenitors

32
Q

IL-17

A
  • released from TH17
  • pro-inflammatory
  • involved in: mycobacterial and fungal surveillance, allergy, auto-immune response
33
Q

Cytokine receptors

A
  • composed to 2 polypeptide subunits

- once cytokine receptors bind cytokine they transduce an intracellular signal which triggers biological activity

34
Q

What are the types of cytokine receptors?

A
  • Ig superfamily receptors
  • Hematopoietin receptor family
  • Interferon receptor family
  • TNF receptor family
  • Chemokine receptor family
35
Q

IL-2R

A
  • 3 subunits: α, β, γ

- β/γ chain expressed on NK

36
Q

Inflammatory cytokine receptors

A
  • TNFR, IL-1R, TLR

- Activate NFkB

OU Immunology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions