Exam 2 - Controlled Drug Delivery Munson

Question 1

5 potential advantages of controlled drug delivery systems (slide 7)

Answer 1

1. maintain optimum drug concentrations
2. improve efficiency of treatment with less amount of drug
3. minimize side effects
4. less frequent administration
5. increase patient convenience and compliance (adherence)

Question 2

5 potential disadvantages of controlled drug delivery systems (slide 7)

Answer 2

1. relatively high production costs
2. leakage of drug mass (dose dumping)
3. difficult to stop drug release
4. biocompatibility of the delivery systems
5. necessity of surgical operation

Question 3

what is the rate-limiting step for diffusion-controlled systems?

Answer 3

drug diffusion through the polymer network (passing through the membrane)

Question 4

reservoir systems have what kind of release?

Answer 4

constant (zero order)

Question 5

ocusert is an example of what type of drug release system?

Answer 5

reservoir system

Question 6

what is norplant?

Answer 6

An implant contraceptive that puts silicone capsules containing levonorgestrel into the forearm. Discontinued

Question 7

what is the Higuchi equation?

Answer 7

M = kt1/2

Question 8

drugs that are membrane-modulated (2)

Answer 8

scopolamine/Transderm-scop
Nitroglycerin/Transderm-Nitro

Question 9

drug that is an adhesive dispersion

Answer 9

nitroglycerin (Deponit)

Question 10

drug that is a matrix dispersion

Answer 10

nitroglycerin/Nitrodur

Question 11

what is the Naxplanon/Implanon NXT?

Answer 11

birth control implant that’s placed under skin on the inside of the upper arm; etonogesterel 68 mg; up to 3 years

Question 12

osmotic systems film coating (3 things)

Answer 12

-permeable for water
-not permeable for drug or excipients
-rigid: resist the hydrostatic pressure -> push out the drug

Question 13

how do erosion-controlled systems work?

Answer 13

initial release is controlled by diffusion of drug molecules on or near surface via pores in the microsphere matrix. Sustained-release is determined by the erosion of the polymer. Drug is released as polymer erodes

Question 14

Zoladex main indications (3)

Answer 14

-prostate cancer
-breast cancer
-endometriosis

Question 15

Lupron main indications (1)

Answer 15

advanced prostate cancer

Question 16

Nutropin main indications (1)

Answer 16

growth hormone deficiency

Question 17

Gliadel wafer main indication (1)

Answer 17

high-grade malignant glioma

Question 18

Sustol main indication (1)

Answer 18

prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting

Question 19

gliadel wafer active ingredient

Answer 19

BCNU (carmustine)

Question 20

BCNU half life

Answer 20

< 15 minutes

Question 21

what polymer matrix does Lupron depot use?

Answer 21

PLGA (polylactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres

Question 22

Lupron depot has how long of a release?

Answer 22

1-4 month release for advanced prostate cancer (7.5 mg/month)

Question 23

what is the Sustol extended-release injection and how does it work?

Answer 23

injection for CINV (chemo-induced nausea and vomiting). After injection, Sustol polymer undergoes hydrolysis and releases drug in a controlled manner, polymer disintegrates