Exam 2 chapter 5 Flashcards
statistics generalize from a ______ to a _______.
sample, population
what is a nominal scale?
classifying objects, no order information, numbers do not have meaning.
What is an ordinal scale?
category order matters, difference is not necessarily the same,
what is an interval scale?
order matters, equal units of measurements, do not have true zero value
what is a ratio scale?
order matters, equal units of measurements, true zero, meaningful ratios
what can we do with statistics?
describe data, measure relationships, compare groups
what is the only average appropriate for nominal data?
mode
true or false: the mode can be used with any scale
true
the median can be used with which scales?
ordinal, interval, ratio
the mean can be used with which scales?
interval or ratio scales
define measures of dispersion
how spread out the data is
define range
distance from highest to lowest value
what is inclusive range?
highest score - lowest score +1
define exclusive range
highest score - lowest score
define standard deviation
average distance of scores from the mean
define variance
standard deviation squared
standard deviation and variance can only be calculated on what two types of data?
interval, ratio
define correlation
degree of relationship of two variables
the correlation ranges between what?
-1.00 and 1.00
define positive correlation
when one variable increases, the other variable increases
define negative correlation
when one vairable increases, the other decreases
pearson’s product-moment correlation is used with which types of data
interval/ratio
define multiple correlation
correlation bwetween multiple variables and one particular variable
the multiple correlation number between what?
0.00 - 1.00
define mulitple regression
gives info about each predictor variable
define error variance
differences among scores in a group that has variablitliy
define t-test
comprairing two gorups to find a significant difference
define analysis of variance
test used to compare three or more groups
define independent samples t-test
compraing two groupd
define dependent samples t-test
two sets of score from one group tested twice
define parameter
characteristic of a population
define parametric terst
makes assumptions about population parameters
define nonparametric test
tools used to measure data not on a interval or ratio scale
spearman’s rho is used for which type of data?
ordinal
