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PSY 240 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

define superstition

A

subjective belief going against laws of nature/reason

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2
Q

define rational-inductive argument

A

taking evidence and thinking through it to come up with a conclusion.

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3
Q

rational-inductive argument is _______ the scientific method

A

below

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4
Q

hypotheses

A

testable predictions

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5
Q

confounds

A

flaws, altnerative explanations

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6
Q

indepedents variable is the _________ being tested

A

difference

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7
Q

experimental group

A

experince a level of indepedent vairable that is expected to change them

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8
Q

control group

A

not experiencing

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9
Q

dependent variable

A

the outcome being measured

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10
Q

replication

A

doing same epxeriemnt to see same results.

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11
Q

define theory

A

set of related statements that explain and predict phenomena

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12
Q

true or false: theories are not laws

A

true

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13
Q

define laws

A

specific statements expressed in a mathamtical euqation involving few variables.

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14
Q

principles

A

statements that predict a phenomenon with a certain level of probabilility

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15
Q

psychology is full of _____

A

princples

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16
Q

theories lead to _________

A

hypotheses

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17
Q

if a hypothesis is supported the ______ is supported

A

theory

18
Q

the preference for the explanation based upon simpler assumptions is called what?

A

parsimony

19
Q

theories are supported but never ______

A

proven

20
Q

precision

A

theory is explained in great detail

21
Q

testability

A

theory can be tested

22
Q

accuracy

A

parsimonious, precisly stated, testable hypotheses

23
Q

describe the four characteristics of the nuremberg code

A

voluntary consent, for the good of society, could not be obtained by other menas, avoids harm and suffering

24
Q

the declaration of helsinki did what?

A

recommendations for biomedical human research

25
Q

The national research act led to the creation of what?

A

national commission for the protectiion of human subjects of biomedical/behavioral research

26
Q

The belmont report has what three basic ethical principles?

A

respect, beneficence, justice

27
Q

describe respect

A

particapants need to be treated as people

28
Q

describe beneficence

A

humans should not be harmed, research shuold maximize benefits and minimize harm

29
Q

desccribe justice

A

selection of particpants should be done fairly.

30
Q

most colleges follow what set of guidelines?

A

the code of federal regulatoins, title 45—public welfare, part 46—protection of human subjects

31
Q

who reviews proposals for research with human participatns?

A

insitutional review boards

32
Q

irbs stand for

A

institutional review boards

33
Q

sometimes independent variables cannot be manipulated, they become known as _______ variables

A

subject

34
Q

define deception

A

lying to or misleading participants

35
Q

define confederate

A

research assistant pretending to be a participant

36
Q

define free consent

A

no pressure to sign up

37
Q

list the APA principles for animal research

A

animals are treated humanely, treatments involving pain should be used when absolutely necessary, surgical procedures involving anesthetics should be performed to minimize pain, animals must be treated in accordance with laws.

38
Q

what department is responsible for regulating animal labs?

A

US Department of Agriculture

39
Q

what is simliar to IRBS involving animals?

A

committees that review proposals for animal research

40
Q

what is scientific misconduct

A

plagiarism, fabricatoin of data, falsfication in proposing, reviewing research

41
Q

define operational definition.

A

PSY 240 (9 decks)

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