Exam 2 (Ch. 13-14)

Question 1

__________ is another word for blood coagulation

Answer 1

thrombosis

Question 2

collagen and von Willebrand factor are potent…

Answer 2

platelet activators

Question 3

________ allows for platelet-platelet bridging, allowing for formation of the platelet plug

Answer 3

fibrinogen

Question 4

two pathways of the coagulation cascade (converts fibrinogen to fibrin)

Answer 4

intrinsic and extrinsic

Question 5

________ is required for almost all the reactions in the coagulation cascade, so substances that bind it are effective anticoagulants

Answer 5

calcium

Question 6

the intrinsic pathway can only be initiated if…

Answer 6

the surface is negatively charged

Question 7

intrinsic pathway initiates with…

Answer 7

factor XII

Question 8

extrinsic pathway initiates with…

Answer 8

release of tissue factor (TF) which binds with factor VII

Question 9

clot dissolution occurs primarily through

Answer 9

fibrinolysis

Question 10

the _________ coating provides smoothness to vessel walls

Answer 10

glycocalyx

Question 11

________ is the process of thrombus pieces breaking off and being carried elsewhere

Answer 11

embolization

Question 12

superficial immediate infections are

Answer 12

on the skin

Question 13

deep immediate infections are

Answer 13

at the site of implant soon after surgery

Question 14

late infections

Answer 14

occur months to years after surgery

Question 15

four steps of infection

Answer 15

bacterial attachment, adhesion, aggregation, and dispersion (BAAAD)

Question 16

gram-positive bacteria have

Answer 16

one membrane and a thick peptidoglycan wall

Question 17

gram-negative bacteria have

Answer 17

two membranes and a thin peptidoglycan wall

Question 18

bacteria’s receptors for ECM components are called

Answer 18

MSCRAMMs

Question 19

_____ are methods for assessing bacterial hydrophobicity that are alternatives to contact angle

Answer 19

microbial adherence to hydrocarbons (MATH) and hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC)

Question 20

bacterial surface charge can be assessed via

Answer 20

electrophoretic mobility testing or electrostatic interaction chromatography (EIC)

Question 21

three basic stages of tumorigenesis

Answer 21

initiation, latency, promotion

Question 22

two types of carcinogenesis

Answer 22

chemical and foreign-body

Question 23

the ____ test predicts gene mutagenic potential

Answer 23

Ames

Question 24

_________ is the undesired formation of calcium phosphate nodules on or within an implant

Answer 24

pathologic calcification

Question 25

calcification tends to occur on…

Answer 25

dead cells or cell membrane fragments