Exam 2 CH 12 Review NT and ANS

Question 1

Which ANS consists of: constriction of pupils, stimulation of saliva, and time to void?

Answer 1

PARASYMPATHETIC

Question 2

Which PNS includes voluntary control of skeletal muscle?

Answer 2

SOMATIC

Question 3

Which ANS consists of: vasoconstriction, dilation of pupils, speeds up breathing?

Answer 3

SYMPATHETIC

Question 4

What is synthesized in the preganglionic cell body?

Answer 4

Neurotransmitters

There are 50 different types.
They’re stored in the vesicles at the end of the neuron.

Question 5

What type of transmission is associated with the NT Acetylcholine?

Answer 5

Cholinergic Transmission.

Acetylcholine-releases and binds to cholinergic receptors.

Question 6

Which transmission is most involved with the parasympathetic response?

Answer 6

CHOLINERGIC Transmission

Question 7

Which transmission involves alpha and beta receptors?

Answer 7

ADRENERGIC transmission

Question 8

What type of transmission is associated with the NT norepinephrine?

Answer 8

ADRENERGIC transmission

Question 9

Which transmission is most involved with the sympathetic response?

Answer 9

ADRENERGIC transmission

Question 10

Which transmission involves nicotinic and muscarinic receptors?

Answer 10

CHOLINERGIC Transmission

Question 11

Activation of Ach at muscarinic receptors activates which system?

Answer 11

Parasympathetic activation.

Question 12

What enzyme terminates Ach from synaptic cleft?

Answer 12

Acetylcholinesterase (AchE)

Ach is broken down into acetate + choline.
The choline returns back to the presynaptic neuron.
More Ach is made.

Question 13

Where is the norepinephrine NT released from?

Answer 13

Postganglionic nerves.

Question 14

How many types and subtypes of receptors are there in the adrenergic transmission type?

Answer 14

2 types (Alpha and Beta)

2 subtypes (Alpha 1 and 2, Beta 1 and 2)

Question 15

What do the Cholinergic Agonists stimulate?

Answer 15

Cholinergic agonists stimulate action in the parasympathetic system.

Question 16

What do the Adrenergic Agonists stimulate?

Answer 16

Adrenergic agonists stimulate the sympathetic nervous system. Direct activation.

Question 17

What do the Cholinergic Antagonists block?

Answer 17

They block the parasympathetic nervous system.

What then can dominate? The sympathetic. You’ll see symptoms related such as increased HR, BP, etc.

Question 18

What do the Adrenergic Antagonists block?

Answer 18

They block the sympathetic nervous system.

The parasympathetic system becomes dominant response… rest and digest will be visible.

Question 19

These are the least prescribed due to its effects being so diverse throughout the body:

Answer 19

Cholinergic Agonists

Ex:
Bethanechol (Urecholine)
Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)

Question 20

This Muscarinic Agonist has therapeutic uses as Urinary Retention:

Answer 20

Bethanechol (Urecholine) prototype

It contracts the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the trigone and sphincter of the bladder.