Exam 2 CH 12 Review NT and ANS Flashcards
Which ANS consists of: constriction of pupils, stimulation of saliva, and time to void?
PARASYMPATHETIC
Which PNS includes voluntary control of skeletal muscle?
SOMATIC
Which ANS consists of: vasoconstriction, dilation of pupils, speeds up breathing?
SYMPATHETIC
What is synthesized in the preganglionic cell body?
Neurotransmitters
There are 50 different types.
They’re stored in the vesicles at the end of the neuron.
What type of transmission is associated with the NT Acetylcholine?
Cholinergic Transmission.
Acetylcholine-releases and binds to cholinergic receptors.
Which transmission is most involved with the parasympathetic response?
CHOLINERGIC Transmission
Which transmission involves alpha and beta receptors?
ADRENERGIC transmission
What type of transmission is associated with the NT norepinephrine?
ADRENERGIC transmission
Which transmission is most involved with the sympathetic response?
ADRENERGIC transmission
Which transmission involves nicotinic and muscarinic receptors?
CHOLINERGIC Transmission
Activation of Ach at muscarinic receptors activates which system?
Parasympathetic activation.
What enzyme terminates Ach from synaptic cleft?
Acetylcholinesterase (AchE)
Ach is broken down into acetate + choline.
The choline returns back to the presynaptic neuron.
More Ach is made.
Where is the norepinephrine NT released from?
Postganglionic nerves.
How many types and subtypes of receptors are there in the adrenergic transmission type?
2 types (Alpha and Beta)
2 subtypes (Alpha 1 and 2, Beta 1 and 2)
What do the Cholinergic Agonists stimulate?
Cholinergic agonists stimulate action in the parasympathetic system.
What do the Adrenergic Agonists stimulate?
Adrenergic agonists stimulate the sympathetic nervous system. Direct activation.
What do the Cholinergic Antagonists block?
They block the parasympathetic nervous system.
What then can dominate? The sympathetic. You’ll see symptoms related such as increased HR, BP, etc.
What do the Adrenergic Antagonists block?
They block the sympathetic nervous system.
The parasympathetic system becomes dominant response… rest and digest will be visible.
These are the least prescribed due to its effects being so diverse throughout the body:
Cholinergic Agonists
Ex:
Bethanechol (Urecholine)
Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)
This Muscarinic Agonist has therapeutic uses as Urinary Retention:
Bethanechol (Urecholine) prototype
It contracts the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the trigone and sphincter of the bladder.
