Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histopathology > Exam 2 - Cementum > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Cementum Flashcards

1
Q

Which is the LEAST mineralized: bone, dentin, cementum, enamel?

A

cementum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cementum is __% organic, __% mineral.

A

50; 50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of collagen is most prevalent in cementum?

A

Type I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What components are made out of type I collagen in cementum?

A

intrinsic fibers

Sharpey’s fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cementum, unlike dental pulp, does not contain ___.

A

glycoproteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the functions of cementum?

A

attachment for PDL
continuous apical opposition when teeth wear
may repair minor root fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Extra ____ is laid down from the bottom to put tooth back into occlusion, while ____ is formed from the top to reduce proximity to the pulp.

A

cementum; reparative dentin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cementum is formed from ____ cells.

A

neural crest (ectomesenchymal cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F: Cementum is innervated.

A

FALSE - cementum is avascular and is not innervated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T/F: Cementum contains Haversian and Volkmann’s canals.

A

FALSE - cementum does NOT contain these structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where is cementum thinnest? Thickest?

A

thinnest at CEJ

thickest at the apex of the root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cervically, cementum is ____; apically, cementum is ____.

A

thinner and more acellular; thicker and more cellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T/F: At the apex of the root, cementum contains lacunae with cementocytes.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Is the cementum perforated?

A

YES to allow for Sharpey’s fiber attachments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

____ are the cells responsible for the secretion of the organic matrix of cementum.

A

Cementoblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where are cementoblasts derived from?

A

undifferentiated mesenchymal cells that originate in the proximal zone of the dental follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where do the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells that form cementoblasts originate in?

A

the proximal (inner) zone of the dental follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

All cells in the dental follicle are derived from ___.

A

ectomesenchyme (neural crest cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Differentiation of the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells into cementoblasts are initiated by what?

A

the disruption of Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tiny perforations in Hertwig’s root sheath allow ____ to leak out of the pulp and make contact with undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and induce differentiation.

A

dentin matrix growth factors (BMP, FGF, DMP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What causes the differentiation of undifferentiated mesenchyme to cementoblasts?

A

perforations in Hertwig’s sheath that leak out dentin matrix growth factors that stimulate differentiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Depositional lines and reversal lines both indicate _____ and run longitudinally from crown to apex.

A

incremental growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

_____ secrete cementum matrix which becomes mineralized.

A

Cementoblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

____ contain lacunae and canaliculi.

A

Cementocytes

25
Q

____ are the spaces occupied by cell bodies.

A

Lacnuae

26
Q

____ are the spaces occupied by cytoplasmic projections that allow cells to connect and coordinate reparative functions.

A

Canaliculi

27
Q

____ are the insertion of the PDL into acellular cementum to allow attachment of bone to cementum.

A

Sharpey’s fibers

28
Q

In __% of patients cementum overlaps enamel.

A

60

29
Q

In __% of patients cementum joins enamel end-to-end.

A

30

30
Q

In __% of patients cementum stops short of enamel and leads to heightened sensitivity.

A

10

31
Q

What is the loss of tooth structure at the buccal or labial cervical areas called?

A

abfraction

32
Q

____ is caused by tensile and compressive forces during tooth flexure.

A

Abfraction

33
Q

Tensile and compressive forces during flexure cause ____ of cementum and underlying dentin.

A

resorption

34
Q

____ causes deep, narrow V-shaped notches/lesions.

A

abfraction

35
Q

Does abfraction usually affect single teeth?

A

YES

36
Q

What type of teeth does abfraction usually affect?

A

premolars and canines - teeth with excursive interferences or occlusal loads

37
Q

____ is the loss of dental tissue caused by foreign substances (e.g. toothbrush).

A

Abrasion

38
Q

Where is abrasion usually located?

A

cervical areas of teeth

39
Q

In ____ lesions are more wide than deep.

A

abrasion

40
Q

Abrasion commonly affects which teeth?

A

premolars, canines and molars

41
Q

What are calcified bodies appearing on or in the cementum and PDL in response to local trauma or hyperactive occlusion?

A

cementicles

42
Q

T/F: Cementicles have an increasing prevalence with increasing age.

A

TRUE

43
Q

How are cementicles classified?

A

free
attached (inside cellular layer)
embedded (covered by epithelial tissue)

44
Q

Cemental spurs are caused by ___ or ___.

A

traumatic occlusion; local response to trauma

45
Q

What cementum abnormality causes a hook that digs into the PDL, which can make extraction difficult?

A

cemental spurs

46
Q

What is the excessive production of cementum that generally involves the apical 1/3 of the root?

A

hypercementosis

47
Q

What cementum abnormality causes a bulbous root tip?

A

hypercementosis

48
Q

____ is possibly causes by occlusal trauma, periapical inflammation, and compensation for occlusal attrition.

A

Hypercementosis

49
Q

What prevents the reattachment of collagen onto cementum?

A

hypermineralization of exposed cementum

50
Q

The rough surface of exposed cementum facilitates ____ absorption.

A

endotoxin

51
Q

The rough surface of exposed cementum facilitates the attachment of ___ and ___.

A

plaque; calculus

52
Q

Enamel ___ bacterial biofilm formation; cementum ___ bacterial biofilm formation.

A

repels; allows

53
Q

What does scaling and root planing treatment cause?

A

smear layer to form

54
Q

What are the possible causes of resorption?

A

excessive orthodontic movement

trauma from occlusion

55
Q

T/F: Roots cannot repair themselves once the cause of resorption is removed.

A

FALSE - roots CAN repair themselves if the cause is removed

56
Q

Where are accessory canals found? What do they allow for?

A

found inside the root, allowing vascular tissues and GFs to reach apical mineralized tissues

57
Q

What stimulates cementoblasts to initiate repairs?

A

extra nutrients and growth factors

58
Q

Where are accessory canals found in multi-rooted teeth? What is the prevalence?

A

in the furcation area; 28%

59
Q

Where are accessory canals found in single-rooted teeth? What is the prevalence?

A

in the apical third; 17%

Histopathology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions