Exam 2 A&P Flashcards
the 2 parts of the skeleton
appendicular & axial
the 2 parts of the skull
cranium and face
how many bones in the human body
206
5 types of bones
long, short, flat, irregular, round
what is the composition of bone
collagen and minerals
compare osteoclasts, blasts, and cytes
clasts- digest bone
blasts- make bone
cytes-bone cells
describe the periosteum
dense connective tissue sleeve
describe the endosteum
dense connective tissue lining of the medullary cavity
describe the bone tissue of compact bone
made of osteons
compare red and yellow marrow
red-blood cells
yellow- fat
5 functions of skeletal system
support, storage, movement, hematopoiesis, protection
describe hematopoiesis
process of making BC
what material is stored in bone
calcium ions
how is calcium released from bone
osteoclasts
how is calcium deposited in bone
osteoblasts
how is calcium taken in by the body
diet
2 major uses for calcium by human body
muscle contraction & nerve cell function
describe intramembranous ossification
soft tissue turning to bone
describe endochondral ossification
cartilage turning to bone
what is the importance of the epiphyseal plate
found in epiphysis & determines amount of growth.
what is an articulation in the skeletal system
where bone meets bone
3 types of articulation
fibrous, cartilage, synovial
what is a synovial joint
joint surrounded by synovial membrane
6 synovial joints
ball & socket, hinge, pivot, plane, condylar, saddle
describe the parts of the synovial joint capsule in the knee
dense CT
what are cranial sutures and how they form
fibrous joints that come from fontanels
what is the purpose of fontanels
skull flexibility in child birth
type of joint formed from fibrocartilage intervertebral discs and vertebrae
symphysis
example of a cartilaginous symphysis joint
pubic symphysis
bones of upper limbs
clavicle, scapula, humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
bones of lower limb
hip bones, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
bones of cranium
frontal, parietal, temporals, occipital
type of joint formed between mandible and temporal bones
modified hinge because there is flexion, extension, and a limited some more.