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A&P1 & Dosage > A&P > Flashcards

A&P Flashcards

1
Q

Describe parts of the atom

A

proton, neutron, electron

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2
Q

part of the atom key to chemical bonding

A

electron

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3
Q

describe the ionic bond

A

giving & taking of e-

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4
Q

describe covalent bond

A

sharing of a pair of e-

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5
Q

describe H-bond

A

bond of attraction btwn polar molecules

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6
Q

what is pH scale

A

0-14

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7
Q

what is an acid solution

A

pH less than 7

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8
Q

what is an alkaline solution

A

pH greater than 7

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9
Q

normal pH in human body

A

7.4

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10
Q

4 groups of biochemical compounds

A

carbs, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids

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11
Q

4 major organic compound groups

A

carbs, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids

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12
Q

function of carbs

A

energy- store & source

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13
Q

name 3 different monosaccharides
make fucking guys good

A

fructose, galactose, glucose

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14
Q

3 different disaccharides
do my legs sag

A

maltose, lactose, sucrose

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15
Q

3 different polysaccharides
please stop giving come

A

starch, glycogen, cellulose,

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16
Q

function of lipids

A

store energy, make membranes

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17
Q

function of proteins

A

fights disease, makes up bones, digest food

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18
Q

why is protein structure so important to function

A

shape of protein tells what it does-conformation

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19
Q

part of every protein

A

amino acids

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20
Q

2 types of information molecules

A

DNA & RNA

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21
Q

units of nucleic acids

A

nucleotides

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22
Q

letters of 4 different nucleotides that make up DNA

A

ACTG

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23
Q

importance of nucleotides in ATP

A

energy currency

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24
Q

compare polar and nonpolar molecules

A

polar=have charges
nonpolar=no charge

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25
Q

what is cell nucleus

A

control center

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26
Q

what is chromatin

A

genetic material

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27
Q

function of nucleolus

A

makes ribosomes

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28
Q

what is made when a gene is expressed

A

protein

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29
Q

where do ribosomes form and what is important about their function

A

found in nucleolus and are site of protein synthesis

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30
Q

tube like structures found in the cytoplasm

31
Q

what forms in the tubes if they are rough

32
Q

what forms in smooth ER

33
Q

vesicles pinch off ER and end up at what organelle

34
Q

compare secretory vesicles

A

form at the Golgi

35
Q

describe cell membrane and structure

A

a phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins

36
Q

describe 3 major functions of the cell membrane proteins

A

transporter, receptor, marker

37
Q

process of material moving across membrane from high to low concentration

38
Q

when cell moves material from low>high concentration

A

active transport

39
Q

compare facilitated and simple diffusion

A

facilitated uses proteins, simple does not

40
Q

example of active transport

A

proton pump

41
Q

function of mitochondria

42
Q

cell uses what as source of energy during anabolism or to actively transport molecules

A

metabolism- ATP

43
Q

describe 3 types of fibers that make up cytoskeleton

A

tubulin, actin, myosin

44
Q

what happens to a cell that is in a hypotonic solution

A

cell swells

45
Q

what happens to a cell in hypertonic solution

46
Q

parts of the cell cycle

A

interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis,

47
Q

parts of cell cycle referred to as interphase

48
Q

what happens in the synthesis phase of interphase

A

DNA replication

49
Q

what is purpose of mitosis in cell division

A

copy nucleus

50
Q

phases of mitosis in order
please make a testicle

A

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

51
Q

how do the daughter cells compare to the original

52
Q

what is g0 phase

A

no cell cycle

53
Q

how many chromosomes end up in the 2 daughter cells

54
Q

chemical that begins cell respiration and

55
Q

chemical equation that summarizes cell respiration

A

C6H12O6+6O2 > 6Co2+6H2O

56
Q

chemical formula for glucose

57
Q

why do cells need cellular respiration

58
Q

life functions that require ATP

59
Q

how much ATP needed to begin oxidation of glucose

60
Q

glycolysis rxn happen in what part of cell

61
Q

material at the end of glycolysis

62
Q

what happens to pyruvate if no oxygen is present

63
Q

what happens to pyruvate if oxygen is present

64
Q

what organelle uses oxygen

A

mitochondria

65
Q

what is ETC

A

flow of e- through a membrane

66
Q

function of ETC

A

to pump protons into space

67
Q

where does ETC happen in mitochondria

A

inner membrane

68
Q

2 energy carriers that provide e- for ETC

69
Q

where does energy come from that is carried by the high energy carrier molecules

70
Q

what is chemiosmosis

A

diffusion of protons

71
Q

what is made from first oxidation of pyruvate

A

acetyl-COA

72
Q

how does oxidation of pyruvate relate to recycling of citric acid

A

it runs the cycle

73
Q

oxidation of citric acid results in what products

A

ATP, NADH, FADH

A&P1 & Dosage (4 decks)

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