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Life Span_NCC Exam 1 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

immunization in a person

A

A process by which a person becomes protected against a disease through vaccination

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2
Q

What are the leading causes of accidental children death?

A

Drowning(pool, bath tub) and poisoning(cleaning products,medicine)

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3
Q

What is are some motor, cognitive & socio-emotional behaviors that would lead a child to death:

A

Climbing onto things, electric outlet, curiosity
Motor: Running into the street
Cognitive:
Socio-emotional:

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4
Q

what are some behaviors a caregiver can lead to a child death:

A

Smoking, drinking, unsafe driving, Teratogens, not watching child, mental health disorder

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5
Q

why is eating with your parents so important?

A

leads to communication and spending time with them

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6
Q

what can happen if you don’t eat dinner with your parents 5x a week?

A

Higher rates of smoking, drug use, fighting, sex

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7
Q

how does peer pressure influence you?

A

can instigate risk taking behavior, its higher when teenager and young adult.
The environment influenced by peers is much higher than parents influence

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8
Q

why is suicidal rates much higher for a male?

A

hides depressive thoughts, doesn’t seek out help. Method of suicide more effective

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9
Q

crime is usually committed by

A

young males

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10
Q

_% of adults age 65-70 have disabilities.

80 & older much higher percentage

A

17%

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11
Q

chronic disorder is referred to as

A

slow onset disease, long duration !

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12
Q

how does socio-economic differences play a role in adult health?

A

older poorer adults are 3x more likely to have chronic disorder then non poor adult

economic status, education, occupation, status relates to SES(Social Economic Status)

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13
Q

Osteoporosis involves

A

extensive bone tissue loss, related to calcium deficiency

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14
Q

Gender differences on osteoporosis:

Prevention:

A

80% of women
affects 2/3 women over 60
common in white, thin, small females

Prevention: diet, weight, lifting!

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15
Q

Dementia is a ?

Symptom?

A

is a neurological disorder

symptom is deterioration of mental function

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16
Q

Alzheimers is a type of

A

dementia

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17
Q

Alzheimers disease is

A

a progressive, irreversible brain disorder with gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language and physical function

Currently no cure

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18
Q

Alzheimers Strats to produce less of

A

Acetycholine(ACH) = deficiency

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19
Q

Parkinsons disease

A

muscle tremors, slow down movement

chronic and progressive triggered by loss of dopamine production in brain NO CURE

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20
Q

famous people who had Parkinson’s disease

A

Muhammad ali, Michael j fox

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21
Q

BMI is

A

body mass index includes sex, age height,

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22
Q

.

A

.

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23
Q

consequences of obesity

A

increase Childs risk in medical problem, low self esteem, bullying

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24
Q

Treatment of obesity

A

diet, exercise, intervention & behavior modification thru numerous programs

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25
Q

how many adolescents ages 12-19 in 2012 were over weight

A

21%

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26
Q

how many American over the age of 15 are over weight ?

A

60%

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27
Q

what percentage of children without parents become over weight ?

A

10%

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28
Q

what’s the percentage of children with one parent being overweight ?

A

40%

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29
Q

Eating disorders include

A

anorexia nervosa

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30
Q

anorexia nervosa causes

A
  • weight less than 85% of mass of an average person

- begins in teenage years, white middle/ upper class

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31
Q

Bulimia is a disorder that involves

A

binging and purging food, fear of becoming over weigh, depression, anxiety, Usually normal weight, 70% range of people

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32
Q

what does motor development- Reflex carry?

A

genetically carried survival mechanism, autonomic

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33
Q

Reflex in newborns allows them to:

A

new borns to respond adaptively to environment before opportunity to learn

  • adapt to environment before having the opportunity to learn
34
Q

reflexes in new born disappears at___

while some last though out life

A

2-4mths

35
Q

gross motor skill in childhood include:

A

improved walking, running, jumping, climbing learn organized sport skills

36
Q

when are gross motor skills in adolescence & adult hood at its peak?
and
When do they decline?

A

peak physical performance blow 19-26, most biological functions decline after 30

37
Q

.

A

.

38
Q

what are Fine Motor Skils:

A

are more finely tuned movement

39
Q

FMS- infancy

A

size, shape of object, experience matter

40
Q

FMS-Childhood & adolescence

A

age 10-12

girls outperform boys, increase myelination CNS improves FMS

41
Q

FMS-adulthood

A

some decline in middle to late adulthood as dexterity decrease( slow movement)

42
Q

pathological conditions of FMS result in

A

may result in weakness/ paralysis of hands

43
Q

T or F

is Handedness a genetic inheritance

A

T

44
Q

right handed pep dominate __%

A

90% of all culture

45
Q

right handedness preference baggings in

A

in the womb, sucking of thumb in womb

46
Q

___% of right handed plp primarily process speech _____

A

95%

process speech in the left hemisphere of brain

47
Q

___% of lefties process in the ____ hemisphere, while __% in both

A

50% , in the left hemisphere

25% in both

48
Q

left handed are more likely to:

A

have reading problems

visual skills, more common among mathematicians, artist, musicians, architects

49
Q

what is this called when Infants assemble motor skills for perceiving and acting.

example:such as fingers coordination

A

Dynamic system view in infants

50
Q

what’s Piagets theory of cognitive development?

A

process which occurs due to biological maturation and environmental experience.

51
Q

Piagets theory stated that there was a driving force between:

A

intellectual development is biological development

52
Q

Name the four states of Piagets theory:

A

1) Sensorimotor: Birth to 18–24 months old
2) Formal operational: Adolescence to adulthood
3) Concrete operational: 7 to 11 years old
4) Preoperational: 2 to 7 years old

53
Q

Scheme is defined as

A

a idea/ strategy

actions or mental presentations that organize knowledge

54
Q

what characterizes physical activities in infancy?

A

behavioral schemes

55
Q

what are cognitive activities developed in children?

A

problem solving

mental scheme

56
Q

define assimilation:

A

incorporate new information or experience into existing knowledge schemes
into new culture, new info, absorb into life

57
Q

Accommodation is

A

adjusting to existing scheme(idea) to take in new information and experience
-have to change scheme(idea)

58
Q

Disequilibrium is defined as

A

cognitive conflict child faces, confusion, disorder,puzzle

59
Q

stages of development in Piagets theory unifies ?

A

unifies experience with biology to explain cognitive

60
Q

motivation in a child is eternal search for

A

equilibrium

61
Q

Stage one in Piagets theory

A
  • birth-2yrs

- infants construct understand of world by coordinating sensory experience w/ motor skills; sensory motor skill

62
Q

object permanence is defined as

A

understanding that an object continues to exist even when they cant see it. Do not use logic

63
Q

piagets stage 2 pre-operatial:

A
  • ages 2 to 7
  • children begin to represent world with words, images, drawings
  • not ready to preform operations
64
Q

sub-stage –symbolic function

A
  • ages2 to 4

- Symbolic child gains ability to mentally represent an object that’s not present

65
Q

animism is

A

belief that animated objects have life like qualities

66
Q

egocentric

when does it end ?

A

inability to distinguish b/w ones own perspective and that of someone else (3 mountain task)

age 7

67
Q

intuitive thought- substage is

A

children begin using primitive reasoning; want to know answer to all sorts of Questions
-Ages 4-7

68
Q

centration is

A

focusing attention on one characteristic to exclusion of all others
Ex: doctors wear white coats

69
Q

conservation is

A

an object or substance, amount stay the same regardless of changing cup
- this is lacking in pre-reational stage

70
Q

concrete operational stage

A

is the 3rd stage

  • ages7 7 to 11
  • logical reasoning, replaces intuitive reasoning if applied to specific, concrete example
71
Q

seriation is

A

operation that involves ordering stimulations along qualitative dimension (doll example, confuse in height)

72
Q

Egocentrism is

A

inability to distinguish b/w ones perspective and that of someone else

73
Q

conservation is a

A

test to see if the child has seen the difference:

  • object/substance stays the same
  • lacking in pre-operational stage
74
Q

example of conservation:

A

child understands one person can be father, brother and son

75
Q

formal operational stage:

A
  • 4th stage
  • 11yrs-adult
  • abstract, idealistic, logical thinking
  • solve problems by trial and error
76
Q

in stage 4 of piagets theory someone has

A

hypothetical thinking- deductive reasoning , problem solving skills

77
Q

contribution is a field in childrena

A

cognitive development

78
Q

what’s are some criticisms in piagets theory

A

some abilities come earlier than he believed, training, education, culture can influence development

Enviromental factors play a huge role

79
Q

Vygostky Theory of cognitive develpmentt states

A

is advanced though social interactions with more skilled adults/peers

80
Q

Vygostky was a

A

Russian psychologist in 1930s

-empasis on culture & Social interactions guide development in children

81
Q

Zone of proximal development is

A

tasks are too difficult for children to master alone but can be done with guidance

82
Q

Scaffolding is a stage of

A

changing level of support to lift Childs correct performance level

Life Span_NCC Exam 1 (5 decks)

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