Exam 2 Flashcards
Which is less refined?
granola cereal
oatmeal
oatmeal
True or False
Photosynthesis uses energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.
True
Starch and dietary fiber are classified as: complex carbohydrates. monosaccharides. refined sugars. simple sugars.
complex carbohydrates.
Which of the following is the monosaccharide that is part of milk sugar? Fructose Galactose Lactose Sucrose
Galactose
The glycemic index after eating kidney beans is \_\_\_\_\_\_ than the glycemic index of consuming a white potato. lower higher the same not enough information is provided
lower
The main function of carbohydrate in the diet is to:
form lactose, the disaccharide in breast milk.
form the ribose and deoxyribose sugars in the genetic material of all cells.
function in the cell membrane as a signal molecule to other cells.
provide energy.
provide energy.
When adequate amounts of glycogen is not available, glucose can be synthesized from: vitamins. fatty acids. amino acids. All of the choices are correct.
amino acids.
Which practice is likely to lead to a high presence of carbohydrates on the teeth and gums?
Eating foods that stick to the teeth, such as raisins.
Sipping on a regular soda throughout the day.
Frequent snacking.
All of the choices are likely to lead to an increase in carbohydrate presence.
All of the choices are likely to lead to an increase in carbohydrate presence.
Fiber in the diet may help do all of these EXCEPT: lower blood pressure. lower blood cholesterol levels. prevent diverticulosis. provide energy.
provide energy.
A rise in blood glucose levels stimulates the \_\_\_\_ to secrete insulin. pancreas gall bladder endocrine system small intestine
pancreas
Triglycerides are breakdown into three fatty acids and \_\_\_\_\_\_. phosolipid diglycerol lipid glycerol
glycerol
Dietary recommendations focus on the type of fat we consume. Which type of fat is associated with olive oil and the Mediterranean diet? Polyunsaturated oils Saturated fats Trans fats Monounsaturated oils
Monounsaturated oils
Essential fatty acid deficiency may result if a person does not have adequate levels of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ in one’s diet. cholesterol sterols linoleic acid saturated fat
linoleic acid
In general, plant sources of protein provide _____absorbable forms of iron, zinc, and calcium as compared to animal protein sources.
less
qually
more
less
Which of the following is the best description of nutrients provided by animal protein sources: in fiber in saturated fat and cholesterol in readily absorbed forms of iron, zinc, and calcium? -High; high; high -Low; low; low -High; high; low -Low; high; high
Low; high; high
True or False?
For some of the amino acids that our body needs, we must get them from dietary sources because the body cannot make them in sufficient quantities to meet our body’s needs.
True
Foods are denatured by all of the following means EXCEPT by chilling. heat. mechanical agitation. the addition of acid.
chilling.
True or False?
When the diet does not provide enough energy to meet the body’s needs (e.g. consuming a very-low-calorie-weight-loss diet) body protein is used to provide energy.
True
True or False?
Amino acids can be used by the body to make glucose and fatty acids.
True
Marasmus is a form of malnutrition that negatively impacts which of the following developing organs the worst? The brain The liver The kidneys The teeth
The brain
Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of kwashiorkor?
Decreases in intelligence and learning ability
Energy deficiency
Muscle wasting
Swollen belly
Swollen belly
True or False?
The food label must indicate whether the product contains any of the most common food allergens.
True
You would expect that a child who is growing to be in _____ nitrogen balance.
negative
positive
neither negative nor positive (equilibrium)
positive
True or False?
Plant proteins are referred to as incomplete dietary protein.
True
A poorly planned vegan diet is likely to be deficient in all of the following EXCEPT: calcium phytochemicals vitamin D vitamin B12
phytochemicals
True or False?
Whole-grain products include the endosperm, bran, and germ components of the grain.
True
True or False?
Maltose and lactose are examples of complex carbohydrates.
False
\_\_\_\_\_ cannot be digested by human digestive enzymes. Fiber Glycogen Maltose Starch
Fiber
Which of the following is a major dietary source of soluble fiber? Beans Broccoli Maltose Wheat bran
Beans
Describe the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Type 1 Diabetes (Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus) is usually seen in children starting around 7 and 9 years old. This is when little to no insulin is produced in the body. Treatment includes insulin and diet therapy.
Type 2 Diabetes (Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus) is usually seen in people around 20 years old but the age has been decreasing in recent years. This is when insulin is produced, but the mechanism to release it is not functioning. Treatment includes medicine and a change in diet. It is possible to go from Type 2 to Type 1.
What does refined mean?
Refers to foods that have undergone processing that changes or removes various components of the original food.
What’s a monosaccharide?
a carbohydrate made up of 1 sugar unit (C6H12O6)
Examples of monosaccharides.
glucose
fructose
galactose
Where can you find glucose?
it’s a component of sucrose and starch
Where can you find fructose?
fruits and vegetables
Where can you find galactose?
milk sugar
What’s a disaccharide?
a carbohydrate mde up of 2 sugar units
Examples of disaccharides
maltose
sucrose
lactose
What are the components of maltose?
2 glucose molecules
Where can you find maltose?
starch
What are the components of sucrose?
glucose + fructose
Where can you find sucrose?
table sugar
What are the components of lactose?
galactose + glucose
Where can you find lactose?
dairy
Where is glycogen made in animals?
liver and skeletal
Where is glycogen made in plants?
glucose
What are triglycerides?
a major lipid in food and our body made out of 3 fatty acids + glycerol
