Ch. 8 Flashcards
True or False?
Osmosis is the movement of fluid into and out of cells.
True
Some minerals act as
receptors.
cofactors.
enzymes.
coenzymes.
coenzymes.
True or False?
A cofactor is needed for coenzyme activity.
False
Eating a salty meal
decreases your blood sodium concentration.
causes temporary weight gain due to intake of more fluids.
makes you less thirsty.
has no effect on the body.
causes temporary weight gain due to intake of more fluids.
Hypertension is called the silent killer because
it does not cause early death.
it leads to only kidney failure.
it causes only a heart attack.
it has no outward symptoms.
it has no outward symptoms.
The DASH diet does all of the following except
provide plenty of magnesium.
is low in fat.
elevate blood pressure.
provide plenty of fiber.
elevate blood pressure.
For the foods that are listed below, the food that contributes the most sodium to the American diet is
spaghetti sauce.
ham.
canned green beans.
french fries.
ham.
True or False?
A diet containing at least five servings of fresh fruits and vegetables per day is likely to be high in potassium.
True
Women are at greater risk for osteoporosis than men because
women have higher bone mass than men.
menopause accelerates loss of bone mass.
more women smoke than men.
women do more weight-bearing exercise than men.
menopause accelerates loss of bone mass.
True or False?
Peak bone mass occurs between the ages of 30 and 40.
False
True or False? Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is released when blood calcium levels get too high.
False
True or False?
Thirst is stimulated by increased blood volume and decreased solute concentration in the blood.
False
A vegan can meet his calcium needs with all of the following except
foods processed with calcium.
fish with bones.
leafy green vegetables.
calcium supplements.
fish with bones.
True or False?
Magnesium makes the structure of ATP unstable.
False
Iron deficiency causes fatigue
because red blood cells become too large.
because too much oxygen is delivered to the tissues.
because hemoglobin is in excess.
because hemoglobin cannot be produced.
because hemoglobin cannot be produced.
Selenium reduces the body’s need for Vitamin E because ***
it is incorporated into glutathione peroxidase.
it reduces synthesis of thyroid hormones.
it helps synthesize thyroid hormones.
it activates glutathione peroxidase.
The answer is NOT “it helps synthesize thyroid hormones.”
True or False?
Iodine is an essential component of thyroid hormones.
True
Fluoride protects the teeth
because it is a natural component of water.
because it serves as a buffer from acids that are released from bacteria in the mouth.
it forms a film on teeth that prevent food sticking to teeth.
because it helps makes tooth enamel more resistant to acids.
because it helps makes tooth enamel more resistant to acids.
The following substances are all normally eliminated by the kidney as waste products except
glucose.
ketones.
urea.
sodium.
glucose.
True or False?
Antidiuretic hormone signals the kidneys to increase urine output.
False
Water helps cool the body by
evaporation of sweat from the body.
decreasing blood volume.
urine loss.
increasing blood volume.
evaporation of sweat from the body.
When water losses exceed intake in the body all the following happen except
reduction in blood volume occurs.
thirst occurs.
urine becomes clear.
the body becomes dehydrated.
urine becomes clear.
True or False?
Trace minerals are less important to the body than major minerals.
False
True or False?
The bioavailability of minerals is better in animal-based foods than in plant foods because plants can contain chemicals that interfere with mineral absorption.
True
During pregnancy, calcium absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
doubles.
decreases.
remains unchanged.
is blocked.
doubles
