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AVS 474 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

True or False

MGA is cleared for use in lactating cows, but not heifers.

A

False

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2
Q

True or False

AI is not widely used in beef operation in the U.S. because it is cheaper to use Bulls

A

False

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3
Q

True or False

Thin cows that gain weight after calving have improved conception rates - but they are still not optimal.

A

True

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4
Q

True or False

In some instances, the stocking rate for a pasture can be the same as it’s carrying capacity.

A

True

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5
Q

True or False

It is not important to test the mineral content of the soil on your pasture when deciding whether to supplement cattle.

A

False

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6
Q

True or False

Frequency of grazing affects plant vigor.

A

True

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7
Q

True or False

Reducing the stocking rate for a given pasture will address distribution issues.

A

False

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8
Q

In terms of prioritization of energy use by the beef cow, which is ordered correctly from the highest to lowest priority?

a. Growth, breeding, lactation
b. Maintenance, growth, lactation
c. Maintenance, breeding, growth
d. Breeding, growth, maintenance

A

b. Maintenance, growth, lactation

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9
Q

Puberty can be induced in heifers as early as _____?

a. 5 weeks
b. 3 months
c. 5 months
d. 9 months

A

d. 9 months

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10
Q

Which of the following cannot be used as part of synchronization and AI protocol in the U.S.?

a. Progesterone
b. Prostaglandin
c. Estrogen
d. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

A

c. Estrogen

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11
Q

Which of the following features should NOT be considered when body condition scoring cattle?

a. Muscling
b. Gut Fill
c. Fat Deposits
d. Visible bone structure

A

b. Gut Fill

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12
Q

Beef cattle cannot graze on slope grades greater than _____%?

a. 10
b. 20
c. 30
d. 40

A

d. 40%

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13
Q

Which situation is worse?

a. Overgrazing
b. Under-grazing
c. Both A and B are unhealthy
d. Neither A or B is unhealthy

A

c. Both A and B are unhealthy

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14
Q

What is postpartum anestrus? How does it differ between 1st calf heifers (primiparous cows) and Mature cows (multiparous cows) and Why? Name 2 techniques that can shorten postpartum anestrus.

A

Postpartum anestrus - time from calving until she comes into heat, during this time she is not cycling

1st calf heifers - come into heat slower

Exposure of a bull and taking the calf away sooner can reduce the postpartum anestrus period.

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15
Q

What do you recommend in terms of Bull:cow ratio for yearling and mature bulls and why?

A

Mature bull - 1:30 cows
Yearling bull - 1 cow for every month the bull is old
ex: 14 month bull - 14 cows

Mature bulls can cover a higher number of cows because they are more experienced.

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16
Q

What would you recommend as the ideal BCS for the bulls?

A

4-6 depending on the bull

17
Q

Which 3 things would you ask the producer to include on her breeding soundness exam?

A

Scrotal circumference
Semen count
Structural correctness

18
Q

Which 2 factors should the producer watch out for that could have an impact on bull fertility?

A

Illness

Lameness

19
Q

Which 2 seasons should the producer expect bull fertility to be the poorest and why?

A

Winter and Summer

The cold weather and drastic heat can impact this.

20
Q

When deciding on the minerals to use on a cow/calf operation, which form (oxide, sulfate, or chelated? would you recommend? Give 2 reasons why you would recommend that form compared to the other 2 forms?

A

Oxide - cheaper and more available

21
Q

What is nutrient antagonism? Give an example of 2 minerals that are antagonistic to each other.

A

The abundance of the nutrients are equal and cancel each other out.
Molybdenum and Copper

22
Q

_____ and _____ are common trace minerals that are deficient in the Pacific Northwest Region.

A

Selenium

Copper

23
Q

With early turnout of cows in the spring, a _____ deficiency could occur because of the soil. This deficiency results in _____, which could be addressed by _____.

A

Magnesium
Grass tetany
Supplementing Magnesium in the diet

24
Q

The 3 fractions that make up metabolizable protein are _____, _____, and _____.

A

Microbial protein
Endogenous protein
By-pass protein

25
Q

What is the rule of thumb to ensure that you meet the energy requirements throughout its biological cycle? Your answer should specify what the recommendation s for each to the 3 physiological stages.

A

Breeding - BCS ~5, 55% BW
Calving - BCS ~5-6, 60% BW
Lactation - Eating ~ 2.5-3% of BW, 65% BW

26
Q

Which 3 strategies would you recommend to a rancher who wants to increase pasture dispersion and utilization by his cattle.

A

Water placement - travel further is water is nearby
Supplement placement - more movement around
Available access by the cattle - slopes less than 20%

27
Q

If you had irrigated pasture for your cattle, which grazing system would you use? Describe the system; diagrams are encouraged. Also discuss the cost and labor considerations, impact of system on animal distribution and forage selection, and the fit of that system to plant physiology.

A

Deferred Rotational grazing system
Similar to rotational but designed to fit plant physiology better.
Each pasture grazed at a different time of the year over several years.

AVS 474 (5 decks)

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