Exam 2 Flashcards
RBCs undergo anaerobic metabolism to
produce lactate
DNA coded instructions for protein synthesis are
3 nucleotides per unit
an oligosaccharide is
raffinose
gluconeogenesis
produces glucose from amino acids and glycerol molecules
oxidation means
losing electrons
plant storage of carbs
starch
oxidation-reduction reactions are controlled by
enzymes
in the ADH pathway, alcohol is
converted to acetyl CoA
beta oxidation is when
fatty acids break apart to form acetyl CoA
what does insulin surpress
gluconeogenesis
what does glucagon increase
glycogen breakdown
transamination is when
amino groups are transferred from a donor to an acceptor
when there is excess glucose and amino acids in the liver and demand for ATP, it is converted to
triglycerides
recommended protein for a 121 lb female is
44 g
disaccharides
maltose, sucrose, and lactose
in the MEOS pathway, alcohol tolerance _______, because the rate of alcohol metabolism _______.
increases; increases
transamination is
the synthesis of non essential amino acids
binge-drinking for a male is
5+ drinks
alcohol is absorbed in the SI by
simple diffusion
types of monounsaturated fats, which should make up 22% of our daily diet, are
canola, peanut, and olive oil
good sources of omega-3 are
salmon, walnuts, flaxseed oil
what must be removed from a protein molecule so that is can become an energy source
NH2 or nitrogen
what raises blood cholesterol but lowers HDL cholestrol
trans fatty acids
why are dietary sugars and starches “protein sparing”
dietary protein can be used as for vital processes rather than as an energy source
kwashiokor in children
results in edema and growth failure
flavin ademine dinucleotide is
coenzyme form of riboflavin
LDL
transports cholesterol from the liver to the tissues
what does protein have that carbs and fats don’t
nitrogen
a standard drink has how many grams of alcohol
14 g
where do we get galactose in our diet
high-fiber foods
what has all the essential amino acids
milk
phospholipids have
glycerol, 2 fatty acids, and phosphate
humans can digest carbs if
glucose is an alpha bond
glycolysis begins with _________, and ends with a ________.
glucose; pyruvate
sucrase breaks down sucrose into
glucose and fructose
