Exam 1 Flashcards
mucus coats the lining of the stomach
to protect it from digesting itself
what neutralizes acid in the duodenum
HCO3- from the pancreas
what fluid moves from the stomach into the duodenum
chyme
what is an incidental food additive
bisphenol A or BPA, used to increase durability of some food and beverage containers
Bt corn has a protein produced by a bacterial gene that
is a pesticide that kills caterpillars
DRIs
differ by age group, included in RDAs and ULs, apply to Canada and the US, and are created by the Food and Nutrition Board
mold
contains toxins that damage the liver and kidney
if a group of people consumed protein according to the the EAR, how many would receive an insufficient amount
98%
when is an AI set
when there isn’t enough information to set an RDA
what is part of the digestive system
SI, pancreas, and liver (not kidneys)
where do most of the digestive processes occur
SI
what allows chyme to pass to SI
pyloric sphincter
prions are
infectious proteins associated with mad cow disease
active absorption requires
ATP
Daily Values are made up of
RDIs and DRVs
how do water-soluble nutrients enter the body
through the blood stream
what are the myPlate veggie subgroups
dark green leafy, orange, starchy, beans&peas, other
carbohydrates
supply energy
danger zone temperature is
41-135 degrees F
is glucose a complex carb
no
what is a complex carb
starch, glycogen, and fiber
nutrient dense is when
more nutrient needs are met than caloric needs
“calcium, builds strong bones and teeth” is a
structure/function claim
what is a DRI set to meet 97-98% of population needs
RDAs
what is a solvent, lubricant, temperature regulator, and transport medium
water
phytochemicals are
plant substances that provide health benefits
veggies, grains, and fruit are
carbs
Daily Values are
based on two sets of dietary standards, not gender specific, used on nutrition fact labels, while RDAs are not
what enables chemical reactions to occur in the body
vitamins
what enters the lymphatic system
dietary fats
what aids in LI digestion
bacteria
what dictates what types and amounts in food that will be transformed and reassembled into body structures and components
genes
iron is
a trace mineral
by law, ingredients
must be listed in descending weight order
where does digestion begin
in the mouth, amylase breaks down a little starch
