Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

mucus coats the lining of the stomach

A

to protect it from digesting itself

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2
Q

what neutralizes acid in the duodenum

A

HCO3- from the pancreas

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3
Q

what fluid moves from the stomach into the duodenum

A

chyme

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4
Q

what is an incidental food additive

A

bisphenol A or BPA, used to increase durability of some food and beverage containers

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5
Q

Bt corn has a protein produced by a bacterial gene that

A

is a pesticide that kills caterpillars

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6
Q

DRIs

A

differ by age group, included in RDAs and ULs, apply to Canada and the US, and are created by the Food and Nutrition Board

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7
Q

mold

A

contains toxins that damage the liver and kidney

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8
Q

if a group of people consumed protein according to the the EAR, how many would receive an insufficient amount

A

98%

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9
Q

when is an AI set

A

when there isn’t enough information to set an RDA

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10
Q

what is part of the digestive system

A

SI, pancreas, and liver (not kidneys)

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11
Q

where do most of the digestive processes occur

A

SI

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12
Q

what allows chyme to pass to SI

A

pyloric sphincter

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13
Q

prions are

A

infectious proteins associated with mad cow disease

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14
Q

active absorption requires

A

ATP

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15
Q

Daily Values are made up of

A

RDIs and DRVs

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16
Q

how do water-soluble nutrients enter the body

A

through the blood stream

17
Q

what are the myPlate veggie subgroups

A

dark green leafy, orange, starchy, beans&peas, other

18
Q

carbohydrates

A

supply energy

19
Q

danger zone temperature is

A

41-135 degrees F

20
Q

is glucose a complex carb

21
Q

what is a complex carb

A

starch, glycogen, and fiber

22
Q

nutrient dense is when

A

more nutrient needs are met than caloric needs

23
Q

“calcium, builds strong bones and teeth” is a

A

structure/function claim

24
Q

what is a DRI set to meet 97-98% of population needs

25
what is a solvent, lubricant, temperature regulator, and transport medium
water
26
phytochemicals are
plant substances that provide health benefits
27
veggies, grains, and fruit are
carbs
28
Daily Values are
based on two sets of dietary standards, not gender specific, used on nutrition fact labels, while RDAs are not
29
what enables chemical reactions to occur in the body
vitamins
30
what enters the lymphatic system
dietary fats
31
what aids in LI digestion
bacteria
32
what dictates what types and amounts in food that will be transformed and reassembled into body structures and components
genes
33
iron is
a trace mineral
34
by law, ingredients
must be listed in descending weight order
35
where does digestion begin
in the mouth, amylase breaks down a little starch