Exam 2 Flashcards
In C3 plants, CO2 is
A. Stored in the form of an organic acid
B. attached to PEP carboxylase
C. captured when the environment is cool
D. Attached to RuBP which then quickly splits into 2 molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate
E. a molecule that provides inhibitory feedback to the light-
D. Attached to RuBP which then quickly splits into 2 molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of _____.
A. The electron transfer system of photosystem I
B. the electron transfer system of photosystem II
C. splitting water molecules
D. chemiosmosis
C. splitting water molecules
In a chloroplast, the electron transport chain is located
A. in the stroma B. in the matrix C. in the thylakoid membrane D. in photosystem I E. in photosystem II
C. in the thylakoid membrane
According to the article “Interview with Herman Brockman about GMOs” by Mary Gelder”, what is one problem with current phosphate fertilization practices?
A. Plants grow quickly when young but then die quickly.
B. Excess phosphate fertilization produces food which can contain potentially toxic levels of phosphate.
C. Excess phosphate can promote the production of antibacterial-resistant bacteria.
D. High phosphate levels lead ultimately to an increase in the acidity of the soil
E. The supply of phosphate is likely to run out in about 40
E. The supply of phosphate is likely to run out in about 40
Pheophytin differs from chlorophyll in that
A. it contains a heme group B. it lacks a hydrophobic tail C. it lacks a ring structure D. it lacks a metal ion in the middle of the chemical ring E. it lacks an OH group
D. it lacks a metal ion in the middle of the chemical ring
In muscle cells, fermentation produces _____.
A. carbon dioxide, ethanol, NADH, and ATP B. carbon dioxide, ethanol, and NAD+ C. pyruvate D. lactate, NADH, and ATP E. lactate and NAD+
E
Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?
A. NADPH → electron transport chain → O2 B. NADPH → chlorophyll → Calvin cycle C. H2O → photosystem I → photosystem II D. H2O → NADPH → Calvin cycle E. NADPH → O2 → C O2
D
The functional group of ubiquinone
A. readily converts NAD+ to NADP
B. readily lets protons flow down their concentration gradient to form ATP
C negatively regulates several enzymes in the Krebs cycle
D. readily binds and releases electrons
E. is found exclusively in the cytoplasm of cells
D
According to the Z scheme, what is the path of electrons through photosystem I (PS I) and photosystem II (PS II)?
a. PS I → pheophytin → plastoquinone → plastocyanin → cytochrome complex → PS II → ferredoxin
b. PS II → pheophytin → plastocyanin → cytochrome complex → plastoquinone → PS I → ferredoxin
c. PS II → plastoquinone → pheophytin → cytochrome complex → plastocyanin → PS I → ferredoxin
d. PS I → pheophytin → plastoquinone → cytochrome complex → plastocyanin → PS II → ferredoxin
e. PS II → pheophytin → plastoquinone → cytochrome complex → plastocyanin → PS I → ferredoxin
E
The final electron acceptor(s) associated with photosystem I is/are ___
A. oxygen B. water C. carbon dioxide D. NADP+ E. NADPH
D
In the article “The man who diffused the population bomb”, 1992 Norman Borlaug was responsible for
Creating crops that had decreased yields compared to 1950’s crops
B. Creating crops that had increased yields compared to 1950’s crops
C. Creating crops with the same yields compared to 1950’s crops
D. Creating a never before seen type of food crop
B
How would anaerobic conditions (when no O2 is present) affect the rate of electron transport and ATP production during oxidative phosphorylation? (Note that you should not consider the effect on ATP synthesis in glycolysis or the citric acid cycle.)
A. Both electron transport and ATP synthesis would stop.
B. Electron transport would stop but ATP synthesis would be unaffected.
C. Electron transport would be unaffected but ATP synthesis would stop.
D. Neither electron transport nor ATP synthesis would be affected.
E. Electron transport would speed up, and ATP synthesis
A
According to the article “Interview with Herman Brockman about GMOs” by Mary Gelder”, what is “super phosphate”?
A. highly soluble form of inorganic phosphate that is readily taken up by plants
B. A form of alteration to a DNA backbone that enables a plant to thrive
C. A form of ATP that is readily absorbed by cells
D. A toxic form of phosphate that results in root rot.
E. A combination of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium
A
Suppose that the concentration of CO2 available for the Calvin cycle decreased by 50% (because the stomata closed to conserve water).
A. The rate of O2 production would remain the same because the light reactions are independent of the Calvin cycle.
B. The rate of O2 production would remain the same because the light intensity did not change.
C. The rate of O2 production would decrease because the rate of ADP and NADP+ production by the Calvin cycle would decrease.
D. The rate of O2 production would decrease because the rate of G3P production by the Calvin cycle would decrease
E. The rate of O2 production would increase due to the
C
In “The Man Who Defused The ‘Population Bomb’”, about the life of Norman Borlaug, his work on high-yield agriculture received some environmentalist criticism. Why were these criticisms problematic?
A. Without high-yield agriculture, most of the world would be deforested by now.
B. High-yield agriculture does not require the use of pesticides or fertilizer.
C. In developing nations with high-yield agriculture, population growth has slowed.
D. both A and B
E. both A and C
E
The final electron acceptor(s) associated with photosystem I is/are _____.
A. oxygen B. water C. carbon dioxide D. NADP+ E. NADPH
D
During strenuous exercise, anaerobic conditions can result if the cardiovascular system cannot supply oxygen fast enough to meet the demands of muscle cells. Assume that a muscle cell’s demand for ATP under anaerobic conditions remains the same as it was under aerobic conditions. What would happen to the cell’s rate of glucose utilization?
A. Glucose utilization would increase a lot.
B. Glucose utilization would increase a little.
C. Glucose utilization would remain the same
D. Glucose utilization would decrease a little.
E. Glucose utilization would
A
The final several steps of the Calvin cycle
A. Result in the fixation of CO2 to a five carbon sugar
B. Result in the fixation of CO2 to a three carbon sugar
C. Result in the production of ATP and NADPH
D. Result in the production of ribulose bis phosphate
E. Result in the removal of CO2 from a five carbon sugar
D
The molecule ferrodoxin is directly associated with the production of
A. a proton gradient B. ATP C. NADPH2 D. ADP E. glycerol 3 phosphate
C
The disease Pellagra results from A. Not enough food B. Not enough ATP C. Not enough enzymes in the Krebs cycle D. Not enough ATPsynthase molecules E. Not enough nicotinamide
e
In glycolysis, ATP molecules are produced by \_\_\_\_\_. A. photosynthesis B. the light reactions C. oxidative phosphorylation D. substrate-level phosphorylation E. photophosphorylation
D
High levels of cytosolic ATP would be expected to
A. Increase the rate of oxidative phosphorylation would decrease
B. Increases in the activity of enzymes in the citric acid cycle would decrease
C. Increases in the rate of fermentation would have no effect
D. Increases in the activity of phosphofructokinase (the enzyme that converts fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6 bisphosphate wtf
E. None of the above
E
