Exam 1 Content

Question 1

hydrophobic

Answer 1

Doesn’t interact with H2O nonpolar sidechains like charged atoms so they can’t form bonds with water

Question 2

Hydrophilic

Answer 2

Dissolve easily in water the polar or charged side chains interact with water

Question 3

What are the four types of amino acid groups?

Answer 3

Acidic, basic, uncharged polar, nonpolar

Question 4

Nucleotides

Answer 4

Molecular building blocks that attach to one another to form amino acids and simple sugars they connect to complex carbs

Question 5

Monomer

Answer 5

Nucleotide or sugar example is an amino acid

Question 6

Polymer

Answer 6

Large number of monomers bonded together

Question 7

Macromolecule

Answer 7

Large molecule made up of smaller molecules joined together example is proteins

Question 8

Condensation reaction

Answer 8

Also known as dehydration reactions it is when monomers polymerize through these and result in loss of water

Question 9

Hydrolysis

Answer 9

Breaks apart

by adding water

Question 10

Oligopeptide

Answer 10

Fewer than 50 amino acids linked together

Question 11

Polypeptide

Answer 11

50 or more amino acids linked together

Question 12

Primary structure

Answer 12

• Unique sequence of amino acids in a protein (20n)
• emphasis on R group
• fundamental to function*

Question 13

Secondary structure

Answer 13

Hydrogen bonding between components of peptide bonded backbone

Question 14

Alpha helix

Answer 14

Coiled polypeptide backbone

Question 15

Beta pleated sheet

Answer 15

Segments of peptide chains that are bent it at 180° and fold on the same plane

Question 16

Quaternary structure

Answer 16

Multiple proteins grouped together to form larger proteins

have co-factors that are crucial to functioning

Co- proteins=2 subunits, dimer
Hemoglobin=4 subunits, tetramer