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Biology > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Which of the following is not one of the four major groups of macromolecules found in living organisms

A

Glucose

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2
Q

Polymers of polysaccharides, fats, and proteins are all synthesized from monomers by which process

A

The removal of water, dehydration reactions

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3
Q

Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?

A

Dehydration reactions assemble polymers, and hydrolysis breakdown polymers

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4
Q

Lactose, as sugar and milk, is composed of one glucose molecule joined by a Glycosidic linkage so want to galactose molecule. How is lactose classified?

A

As a disaccharide

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5
Q

Which of the following are polysaccharides?

A

A,B, and C

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6
Q

Which of the following is true of both starch and cellulose?

A

They are both polymers of glucose

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7
Q

Which of the following is true of cellulose?

A

It is a major structural component of plant cell walls

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8
Q

Humans can digest starch but not cellulose because

A

Humans have enzymes that can hydrolyze the Alpha glycosidic linkages of storage but not the beta glycosidic linkages of glucose

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9
Q

Which of the following is true for the class of large biological molecules known as lipids?

A

A, B, and C are correct

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10
Q

If____functional group is at the end of a carbon skeleton in the molecule is called an aldehyde

A

Carbonyl

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11
Q

Which of these functional groups does not contain oxygen?

A

Sulfhydryl

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12
Q

Which is the best description of a methyl group?

A

A carbon joined to three hydrogens by single covalent bonds

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13
Q

Which is the best description of a hydroxyl group?

A

An oxygen joined to a hydrogen by a single covalent bond

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14
Q

Which is the best description of a carboxyl group?

A

A carbon atom join to an oxygen by a double covalent bond and a hydroxyl group

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15
Q

Which is the best description of a carbonyl group?

A

A carbon atom joined to an oxygen by a double covalent bond

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16
Q

Which of the following contains nitrogen in addition to carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen?

A

And amino acids such as glycine

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17
Q

Given the reaction galactose + glucose= lactose + water, galactose is a

A

Monomer

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18
Q

Which of the following is an example of polysaccharide?

A

Starch

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19
Q

The major carbohydrate energy storage molecules in plants is

A

Starch

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20
Q

The major carbohydrate energy storage molecules and animals is

A

Glycogen

21
Q

Which functional groups can act as acids

A

Carboxyl and phosphate

22
Q

Carbons of a saturated fatty acid has more____Atoms then an unsaturated fatty acid of equal length

A

H

23
Q

Compared to fats containing saturated fatty acid’s that’s concerning unsaturated fatty acid’s will

A

Be liquid at a lower temperature

24
Q

Hey small group of atoms on molecules that usually participate in chemical reactions are called

A

Functional groups

25
Q

The type of bond that holds glycerol and fatty acid molecules together to form a lipid is called a

A

Ester

26
Q

Which of the following are isomers?

A

Glucose and fructose

27
Q

The type of bond that holds two sugar molecules together to form a polysaccharide is called a

A

Glycosidic

28
Q

The breaking a part of a macromolecule to form two or more smaller molecules is a process called

A

Hydrolysis

29
Q

Amino acid chain that forms a zigzag pattern is an example of a secondary protein structure called

A

Betas sheet

30
Q

A chain of amino acids that is wanted to single coil stranded in example of a secondary protein structure called a

A

Alpha helix

31
Q

The fitting together of two or more folded subunits of the polypeptide chain is this level of protein structure called the

A

Quaternary

32
Q

The overall three-dimensional folding of the polypeptide chain of a protein comprises its ___ structure

A

Tertiary

33
Q

A chemist wishes to make an organic molecule less acidic. Which of the following functional groups should be added to the molecule in order to do so

A

Amino

34
Q

The individual chemical property of each amino acid is determined by

A

The properties of the side chains

35
Q

What protein in the human body is responsible for the transport of oxygen in the blood?

A

Hemoglobin

36
Q

Molecules that each consist of a nitrogen containing a romantic ring compound, as sugar, and a molecule of phosphoric acid are

A

Nucleotides

37
Q

Polymers of nucleotides are called

A

Nucleic acid

38
Q

The linear/long sequence of monomers in a polypeptide chain is referred to as it’s

A

Primary

39
Q

Which of the following functional groups are always found in amino acids

A

Carboxyl and amino

40
Q

Destruction of a proteins shape it’s called

A

Denaturation

41
Q

___Is the monomers for a carbohydrate

A

Monosaccharide

42
Q

Which of the following is not a nucleotide found in RNA?

A

Thymine

43
Q

A carbon skeleton is covalently bonded to both an amino group and a carboxyl group. When placed in water it

A

Would function as both an acid and a base

44
Q

How does RNA differ from DNA

A

RNA contains uracil;DNA contains thymine

45
Q

Which of the following is true about the carbon atoms present in all organic molecules

A

A, B, and C are correct

46
Q

What is the reason why hydrocarbons are not soluble in water

A

The majority of their bonds or nonpolar covalent carbon to hydrogen linkages

47
Q

Which of the following is true of geometric isomers

A

They have variations in arrangement around a double bond

48
Q

Research suggests that side effects from Ridellan the drug used to treat attention deficit disorder may be caused by contamination of enantiomers or molecules that

A

Are mirror images of one another

49
Q

A compound contains hydroxyl groups as it’s predominate functional group. Which of the following statements is true concerning this compound?

A

It should dissolve in water

Biology (11 decks)

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