Exam 2 Flashcards
Which of the following is not one of the four major groups of macromolecules found in living organisms
Glucose
Polymers of polysaccharides, fats, and proteins are all synthesized from monomers by which process
The removal of water, dehydration reactions
Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?
Dehydration reactions assemble polymers, and hydrolysis breakdown polymers
Lactose, as sugar and milk, is composed of one glucose molecule joined by a Glycosidic linkage so want to galactose molecule. How is lactose classified?
As a disaccharide
Which of the following are polysaccharides?
A,B, and C
Which of the following is true of both starch and cellulose?
They are both polymers of glucose
Which of the following is true of cellulose?
It is a major structural component of plant cell walls
Humans can digest starch but not cellulose because
Humans have enzymes that can hydrolyze the Alpha glycosidic linkages of storage but not the beta glycosidic linkages of glucose
Which of the following is true for the class of large biological molecules known as lipids?
A, B, and C are correct
If____functional group is at the end of a carbon skeleton in the molecule is called an aldehyde
Carbonyl
Which of these functional groups does not contain oxygen?
Sulfhydryl
Which is the best description of a methyl group?
A carbon joined to three hydrogens by single covalent bonds
Which is the best description of a hydroxyl group?
An oxygen joined to a hydrogen by a single covalent bond
Which is the best description of a carboxyl group?
A carbon atom join to an oxygen by a double covalent bond and a hydroxyl group
Which is the best description of a carbonyl group?
A carbon atom joined to an oxygen by a double covalent bond
Which of the following contains nitrogen in addition to carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen?
And amino acids such as glycine
Given the reaction galactose + glucose= lactose + water, galactose is a
Monomer
Which of the following is an example of polysaccharide?
Starch
The major carbohydrate energy storage molecules in plants is
Starch
The major carbohydrate energy storage molecules and animals is
Glycogen
Which functional groups can act as acids
Carboxyl and phosphate
Carbons of a saturated fatty acid has more____Atoms then an unsaturated fatty acid of equal length
H
Compared to fats containing saturated fatty acid’s that’s concerning unsaturated fatty acid’s will
Be liquid at a lower temperature
Hey small group of atoms on molecules that usually participate in chemical reactions are called
Functional groups
The type of bond that holds glycerol and fatty acid molecules together to form a lipid is called a
Ester
Which of the following are isomers?
Glucose and fructose
The type of bond that holds two sugar molecules together to form a polysaccharide is called a
Glycosidic
The breaking a part of a macromolecule to form two or more smaller molecules is a process called
Hydrolysis
Amino acid chain that forms a zigzag pattern is an example of a secondary protein structure called
Betas sheet
A chain of amino acids that is wanted to single coil stranded in example of a secondary protein structure called a
Alpha helix
The fitting together of two or more folded subunits of the polypeptide chain is this level of protein structure called the
Quaternary
The overall three-dimensional folding of the polypeptide chain of a protein comprises its ___ structure
Tertiary
A chemist wishes to make an organic molecule less acidic. Which of the following functional groups should be added to the molecule in order to do so
Amino
The individual chemical property of each amino acid is determined by
The properties of the side chains
What protein in the human body is responsible for the transport of oxygen in the blood?
Hemoglobin
Molecules that each consist of a nitrogen containing a romantic ring compound, as sugar, and a molecule of phosphoric acid are
Nucleotides
Polymers of nucleotides are called
Nucleic acid
The linear/long sequence of monomers in a polypeptide chain is referred to as it’s
Primary
Which of the following functional groups are always found in amino acids
Carboxyl and amino
Destruction of a proteins shape it’s called
Denaturation
___Is the monomers for a carbohydrate
Monosaccharide
Which of the following is not a nucleotide found in RNA?
Thymine
A carbon skeleton is covalently bonded to both an amino group and a carboxyl group. When placed in water it
Would function as both an acid and a base
How does RNA differ from DNA
RNA contains uracil;DNA contains thymine
Which of the following is true about the carbon atoms present in all organic molecules
A, B, and C are correct
What is the reason why hydrocarbons are not soluble in water
The majority of their bonds or nonpolar covalent carbon to hydrogen linkages
Which of the following is true of geometric isomers
They have variations in arrangement around a double bond
Research suggests that side effects from Ridellan the drug used to treat attention deficit disorder may be caused by contamination of enantiomers or molecules that
Are mirror images of one another
A compound contains hydroxyl groups as it’s predominate functional group. Which of the following statements is true concerning this compound?
It should dissolve in water
