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Clinical Lecture > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of questions on a questionnaire?

A

System oriented
Disease oriented
Symptom oriented
Culture oriented

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2
Q

What are the types of medical consultations?

A

Phone or personal contact
Written report
Referrals

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3
Q

What medicine is associated with Angina?

A

Nitroglycerin

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4
Q

What is GERD?

A

Gastroesophogeal reflux disease

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5
Q

What should you evaluate if patient presents with GERD?

A

Enamel for erosion

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6
Q

What can you NOT have with Celiac disease?

A

Gluten

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7
Q

What is antibiotic prophylaxis used for?

A

To prevent bacteremia

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8
Q

What is bacteremia?

A

Bacterial infection in blood

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9
Q

What is international normalized ratio used for?

A

To evaluate the clotting time of blood

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10
Q

What is the international normalized ratio necessary for?

A

Patients taking blood thinners

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11
Q

What are some blood thinners?

A

Warfarin
Coumadin
Jantoven

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12
Q

What does a patients INR have to be in order to receive dental treatment?

A

<3.5

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13
Q

How many months between teeth cleanings?

A

6 months

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14
Q

What should patients with allergies carry on them?

A

EpiPen

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15
Q

Who do pregnant women need clearance from to have extensive dental treatment done?

A

Obstetrician

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16
Q

What covers a dead tooth?

A

Crown

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17
Q

Titanium screws that go through tooth and into maxillae and mandible

A

Dental implant

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18
Q

Crowns fused together when tooth is extracted

A

Bridge

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19
Q

When teeth move towards front of mouth

A

Mesial drift

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20
Q

Mental framework with false tooth snapped into place

A

Partial denture

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21
Q

Crown with metal wings on lingual surface of false teeth to keep them together

A

Marilyn bridge

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22
Q

What are the ways of medical consultation?

A

Phone or personal contact
Written report
Referals

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23
Q

What are some examples of patients who will need to be asked additional information or have consultations done prior?

A

Chemotherapy
Joint replacement
Uncontrolled diabetic
Bleeding disorder
Possible cardiac condition

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24
Q

What cardiac conditions require antibiotic prophylaxis before invasive dental treatment?
HINT: PHCH

A
  • Prosthetic heart valves
  • History of infective -
    endocartitis
  • Congenital heart disease
  • Heart transplants with heart
    valves
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25
Q

What categories of congenital heart disease require antibiotic prophylaxis before dental treatment?
HINT: UCR

A
  • Unrepaired cyanotic
    congenital heart disease
  • Completely repaired
    congenital heart disease with
    prosthetic material for the
    first 6 months after surgery
  • Repaired congenital heart
    disease with residual defects
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26
Q

What dental procedures need antibiotic prophylaxis?
HINT: MRP

A
  • Manipulation of gingival
    tissue
  • Root canals
  • Perforation of oral soft
    tissue
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27
Q

What dental procedures do NOT need antibiotic prophylaxis?
HINT: LDPP

A
  • Local anesthetic injections in
    healthy tissue
  • Dental radiographs
  • Placement of removable
    prosthesis or orthodontic
    appliances
  • Placement of orthodontic
    brackets
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28
Q

What are the different ways to take a temperature?

A

Oral
Temporal
Tympanic

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29
Q

What can high temperatures indicate?

A

Infections

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30
Q

When is body temperature usually the highest?

A

Late afternoon, early evening

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31
Q

When is body temperature usually the lowest?

A

Early morning, when sleeping

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32
Q

What is a normal temperature?

A

98.6 degrees F

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33
Q

What is normal temperature range?

A

97-99 degrees F

34
Q

What does Pyrexia mean?

A

Fever

35
Q

What temperature indicates Pyrexia?

A

99.5 or higher

36
Q

What temperature indicates Hyperthermia?

A

Greater than 104 degrees F

37
Q

What temperature indicates Hypothermia?

A

Below 96 degrees F

38
Q

What is a child’s temperature in their first year?

A

99 degrees F

39
Q

What is a child’s temperature at age 12?

A

98 degrees F

40
Q

What factors affect body temperature?

A

Time of day
Temporary increase
Pathologic
Hemorhage or shock

41
Q

What oral conditions may pregnant women be more at risk for?

A

Gingivitis
Dental caries
Periodontal disease

42
Q

What has been linked through research to lower babies birth weights?

A

Periodontal disease

43
Q

Periodontal treatment during pregnancy reduces the risks of what?

A

Perinatal mortality
Preterm birth
Improves birthweight

44
Q

If prescribed to take antibiotic prophylaxis before dental treatment, when should it be taken?

A

One dose 30-60 minutes before procedure

45
Q

What medicine agent is taken for an oral procedure?

A

Amoxicillin

46
Q

How much Amoxicillin should be taken by an adult having an oral procedure?

A

2 grams

47
Q

How much Amoxicillin should be taken by a child having an oral procedure?

A

50 mg/kg

48
Q

What medications can be taken if allergic to penicillin or ampicillin-oral?

A

Cephalexin
Azithromycin (clarithromycin)
Doxycycline

49
Q

How much Cephalexin should be taken by an adult allergic to penicillin or ampicillin-oral?

A

2 grams

50
Q

How much Cephalexin should be taken by a child allergic to penicillin or ampicillin-oral?

A

50 mg/kg

51
Q

How much Azithromycin (clarithromycin) should be taken by an adult allergic to penicillin or ampicillin-oral?

A

500 mg

52
Q

How much Azithromycin (clarithromycin) should be taken by a child allergic to penicillin or ampicillin-oral?

A

15 mg/kg

53
Q

How much Doxycycline should be taken by an adult allergic to penicillin or ampicillin-oral?

A

100 mg

54
Q

How much Doxycycline should be taken by a child allergic to penicillin or ampicillin-oral?

A

<45 kg, 2.2 mg/kg
>45 kg, 100 mg

55
Q

What is the adult range for a pulse?

A

60-100 beats per minute

56
Q

What is a child’s pulse rate at birth?

A

130

57
Q

What is tachycardia?

A

Rapid heartbeat >100 beats per minute

58
Q

What is bradycardia?

A

Slow heartbeat <50 beats per minute

59
Q

What can cause tachycardia?

A

Exercise
stimulants
nervousness

60
Q

What can cause bradycardia?

A

Depressants
Fasting
Sleeping

61
Q

What are the pulse sites?

A

Radial artery
Brachial artery
Carotid artery
Temporal artery

62
Q

What is the radial artery?

A

ventral side of wrist

63
Q

Where is the brachial artery?

A

In forearm

64
Q

Where is the carotid artery?

A

Neck

65
Q

What is the adult range of respiration?

A

12-20 per minute

66
Q

What is a child’s respiration in their first year?

A

30 per minute

67
Q

What factors can increase respiration?

A

Exercise
Excitement
Nervousness
Hemorrhage
Shock

68
Q

What factors can decrease respiration?

A

Sleep
Drugs

69
Q

Force exerted by the blood on the blood vessel walls

A

Blood pressure

70
Q

Sustained abnormal elevation of blood pressure

A

Hypertension

71
Q

Abnormally low blood pressure

A

Hypotension

72
Q

What are hypertension risk factors?

A

Cardiovascular disease
Stroke
Kidney failure

73
Q

Highest pressure caused by ventricular contraction < 120mm Hg

A

Systole phase or systolic pressure

74
Q

Lowest pressure caused by ventricular relaxation < 80mm Hg

A

Dyastole phase or diastolic pressure

75
Q

What is auscultation?

A

Listening for body sounds

76
Q

When you can no longer feel a radial pulse while taking blood pressure

A

Maximum inflation level

77
Q

What are the rates of a hypotension and postural hypotension blood pressue?

A

Systolic <90
Diastolic <60

78
Q

What are the rates of a normal/normotensive blood pressure?

A

Systolic <120
Diastolic <80

79
Q

What are the rates of a elevated blood pressure?

A

Systolic 120-129
Diastolic <80

80
Q

What are the rates of a stage 1 hypertensive blood pressure?

A

Systolic 130-139
Diastolic 80-89

81
Q

What are the rates of a stage 2 hypertensive blood pressure?

A

Systolic - greater than or equal to 140
Diastolic - greater than or equal to 90

82
Q

What are the rates of a hypertensive crisis blood pressure?

A

Systolic >180
Diastolic >120

Clinical Lecture (5 decks)

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