EXAM 2 Flashcards
Correct pairing between cell and protein includes which of the following?
cytotoxic T cell CD8 and MHC 1
helper t Cell CD4 and MHC 2
Which of the following virulence factors directly triggers an inflammatory response of fever and shock?
Lipid portion of lipopolysaccharides of cell wall
Which of the following is an accurate characteristic of prions?
- The primary manifestation includes ataxia and dementia.
Which of the following would be considered an example of transmitting an infection from person-to-person through shared fomites?
- HIV from a contaminated IV drug user needle
Chlamydiaceae have characteristics of both viruses and bacteria and are a rather common sexually transmitted infectious organism. After entry into the host, they transfer infection via
- A reticulate body
While explaining evasive factors by microbes to evade various components of the host’s immune system, the instructor uses which of the following examples?
H. Pylori being able to survive in an acidic environment.
In the usual course of a disease, after a pathogen has entered the host body, the stage when the host initially develops the appearance of nonspecific signs/symptoms is:
prodromal
While undergoing a kidney transplant from a non-family member. the recipient’s transplanted kidney has just had the arterial clamps removed. The OR staff notices that the organ is … family why they had to remove the donor kidney the nurse will anticipate that the surgeon would likely include which statement?
Hyper-acute rejection occurs because antibodies against donor s MIC antigens are deposited in vessels, causing necrosis.
A clinician is assessing the muscle tone of a patient who has been diagnosed with a lower motion neuron (LMN) lesion. Which of the following assessment findings is congruent with…
hypotonia
During physiology class, the instructor asks students to explain the pathology behind development of multiple sclerosis. Which student gave the most accurate description?
The demyelination and subsequent degradation of nerve fibers and decreased
oligodendrocytes, which interfere with nerve conduction.
Complement activation results in all of the following except
Activating the clotting (coagulation) cascade
A patient presents to a health clinic complaint of several vague symptoms. As the history/physical continues, the healthcare provider clearly thinks the patient may have myasthenia with this diagnosis?
all of the above
The physician is administering a rabies vaccine to a patient who was bitten by a wild squirrel. The nurse explains the mechanism of action of the medication to this patient. Which type of immunity does the nurse say the vaccine gives?
Artificially induced passive immunity
A middle school student is scheduled to receive booster immunizations and the father asks the physician …
A secondary humoral response causes a sharp rise in antibody levels conferring
protection
Which statement is true concerning T2H cells?
- They are stimulated by antigens derived from allergens.
Your friend Mona has a 4-year-old sister named Tyra. She tells you…
Helping to bind the neutrophils to the T cells.
. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by which of the following phenomenon
Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages.
A student states, “it seems like helper T cells do a lot more than just ‘help’ the cellular immunity process”
Help T cells are central to the regulation, proliferation, and stimulation of the innate
and adaptive immune defense systems.
Clinical manifestations of cerebellar disorders include all of the following, except
paralysis
After a cerebral vascular accident, a man is unable to either feel or identify a comb with his eyes closed. This is an example of__
agnosia
A nurse is changing the wound dressing of a patient and notices the wound has developed a thick, sticky mesh work fluid on the superficial layer…
Fibrinous exudate
The acute phase response that occurs with inflammation is stimulated by
IL-1 and TNF-alpha
A one day old infant was exposed to an infectious microorganism prior to discharge home from the hospital. I was able to affect a sufficient immune response…
IgG
A patient cuts herself with a sharp knife while cooking them. The patient describes how the wound started bleeding and had a red appearance almost immediately…
Vasodilate, causing the area to become congested causing the red color and warmth
Which phenomenon best accounts for the increased presence of leukocytes at the side of inflammation?
Leukocytes buying to selections on the endothelial cells and roll along the blood vessel wall
the process of phagocytosis involves all the following, except?
Secretion of cytotoxins
A boy has a history of recurring serious, encapsulated bacterial infections. A blood sample shows lymphocyte levels are a little below normal…
- Bruton agammaglobulinemia
While caring for a pediatric patient admitted with a viral infection, the pediatrician knows that which type of cell will be the child’s primary defense against the virus.
Natural killer cells
When caring for a patient during the proliferative phase of wound healing, the nurse teaches the patient that which of the following processes is taking place?
Fibroblasts secrete, collagen for wound healing
Leukocytes consist of three categories of cells that have different roles and the inflammatory immune response which of the following glucose sites is correctly matched with its role
Eosinophils - allergic reactions
Which of the following wound is most likely to heal by secondary intention?
A patient’s large abrasion related surface wound that he got by falling on his motorcycle
A patient has a splinter. The physician expects a granulomatous inflammatory response. What does this involve?
Connective tissue encapsulating and isolating a mass of lymphocytes surrounding
epithelioid cells and the splinter
Contact with poison ivy has resulted in intense Proteus, arrhythmia and weeping on a patient’s forearm. Which of the following processes resulted in the patient science and symptoms?
Cytokine released by sensitized helper T cells
What is the mechanism that results in type two hypersensitivity reactions?
Antibodies bind to antigens on the cell surface
While working in the newborn nursery, physician is assessing a new admission. The physician knows that the infant has an increased distance between his eyes…
Tetany due to hypocalcemia
An eight week old boy has recently diagnosed with severe combined, immuno deficiency disorder. His patients have performed research on the Internet and have brought…
Our son can’t produce antibodies because of inadequate T cell help
In a type three hypersensitivity reaction the harmful effects after the immune complexes are deposited in tissues are a result of?
Complement activation
Tremors at rest, rigidity, akinesia, and postural abnormalities are result of the atrophy of neurons in the brain’s
Substantial nigra that produce dopamine
Following his annual influenza vaccination, a patient begins to feel achy like he has developed the flu. An hour later the client is rushed to the emergency department…
all of the above
What are the initial clinical manifestations immediately noted after a complete spinal cord injury?
all of the above
All of the following statements regarding amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are true, except?
Cognitive function is impaired
Which cerebral vascular hemorrhage causes, meningeal irritation, photophobia, and positive Kernig and Brudzinski signs?
- Subarachnoid
A family brings their elderly mom to the emergency department. The patient had a short period of time where she was confused, had slurred speech, and appeared to…
Artherosclerotic lesions and cerebral vessels
A patient recently diagnosed with leukocyte adhesion deficiency ask, why am I always sick with an infection…
Your white blood cells are not able to leave the blood vessels and move into the area
of infection
The bacteria that causes tuberculosis can it be expelled from the lungs by a cough, and remain visible in the air for an hour or more if a person inhaled the bacteria…
Airborne
High school senior sustained a concussion during a football game. Which of the following signs and symptoms would be present in the days following his injury?
Headaches and post-concussion amnesia
The MRA, scan of a patient was suspected stroke. Reports ruptured bury a new aneurysm, the physician care for a patient…
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Which person is at the risk for developing delirium?
An individual on the second day after hip replacement
Nine month old infant has been diagnosed with botulism. After he was fed honey the child’s mother was prompted to seek care because of his child’s sudden onset of neuromuscular… -
?????
Which statement concerning exotoxins is true?
Exotoxins are released during bacterial growth
