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ANTH 212 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Paranthropus Robustus

A

Robert Broom, South Africa, found with Africanus, lasted 700k later than Afarensis

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2
Q

Paranthropus Boisei

Ainjanthropus

A

3.5 mya, Kenya Ethiopia, Louis Leakey, thicker manible,

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3
Q

Paranthropus aeithiopius

A

2.7 mya, black skull, lake Turkana, Kenya, could descend from Afarensis, 450 cc, large palate and sagittal crest, oldest species in genus

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4
Q

Paranthropus Genus

A

Robust biped, derived frmom austrapithecus, 2.7-1 mya, sagittal crest

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5
Q

Australopithecine Genus

A

Gracile biped, Climbed trees, lacked stability in limbs, feeding posture, herbivores, sexual dimorphism, NOT stone makers, 4.2-1.8 mya

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6
Q

Kenyanthropus Playtops

A

Outlier, flat faced man in kenya, mosaics, woodland and grasslands

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7
Q

Australopithecus Sediba

A

1.9-1.8 mya, shares common features with early hoomo, descended from Africanus, old adult and one jeuvenile partial skeleton found, Malapa, South Africa

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8
Q

Australopithecus Bahrelghazli

A

3.5-3 mya, Chad, lower jaw, manible, premolar, maxilla found

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9
Q

Australopithecus Africanus

A

3.2-2.3 mya, South Africa, Raymond Dart, Taung Speciman (2-4 year old child speciman found), smaller but similar to afarensis, was originally. best candidate for early homo origin

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10
Q

Ardipithecus Ramidus

A

5.8-4.4 mya, Hadar Ethiopia, monkey remain, earliest well documented bipedal ape, Foramen Magnum

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11
Q

Australopithecus Afarensis

A

4-3 mya, best documented bipedal, Donald Johanson, Hadar Ethiopia, LUCY (40% complete), frugivorus diet, ancestor of afarensis, u shaped palate

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12
Q

Australipithecus anamensis

A

4.2-3.9 mya, Olduval George, Meave Leakey, Lake Turkana, Ethiopia, earliest australopithecus, bell shaped skull, sagittal crest

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13
Q

Bipedal characteristics

A

earliest hominin, brain size 400-500 cc, long arms, short legs, less energy and solar radiation exposure, body heat contact by standing up right, decrease in need for shade, tall grass, facilitates tool making, carry infants efficiently

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14
Q

Australopithecus Garhi

A

2.5 mya, Ethiopia, canines and premolars bigger then Afarensis, sagittal crest, elongated femur

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15
Q

Dmanisi 1.7 mya

A

1st move away from h. ergasto to early homo out of africa. Mode 1; female adolescent found

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16
Q

Homo Habilis/Rudolfensis

A

small brain, East and South africa, earliest stone maker, (Habilis) earliest member of genus, bell shaped skull

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17
Q

Zhoukoudien Cave China

A

late homo erectus cite fires, hunting, 40 specimans found

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18
Q

Homo Heidelbergensis

A

Eurasia, Africa, based on Mauer/Heidelberg manuable found in Germany

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19
Q

Gesher Benot Ya’oquo

A

earliest evidence of fire, wet seated organic deposit, quarry for mining wooden/stone tools

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20
Q

A. L. 666-1 Ethiopia

A

34 tools; 14 in situ, fauna- antelope, Mode 1, no cores/utilized flakes

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21
Q

Koobi Fora

A

Kenya; H. Habilis, erectus, ergaster remains. 20 localities of stone and bone, buthering scavengered animals, eating and making tools, hippo, catfish, water buck, giraffe, wild pig, porcupine, gazelle

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22
Q

Mammalian Biostratigraphy

A

dating method specific for ice age sights, looked at animal fossils in layers to date

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23
Q

concial thorax

A

cone shape rib cage in homo erectus (flare at base)

24
Q

East Asia Chopper

A

unifacial tool

25
Q

East Asia Chopping

A

bifaciale; double side with flakes

26
Q

Gona River Valley

A

Ethiopia, oldest stone tools, volcanic rock, found in situ, Mode 1

27
Q

Atapuerca

A

Spain, homo ancesstor

28
Q

Konso Garula

A

Ethiopia, recognized handaxes

29
Q

Kokiselei

A

earliest hand axes in Kenya

30
Q

Interglacials

A

periods between glacier advances, global warming occurs

31
Q

Eugene Dubois

A

found Pithecanthropus erectus, upright walking man, started process

32
Q

Mode 2

A

Acheulian, planned and thought tools, handaxes, picks, flakes, choppers, cleavers, middle pleistocene

33
Q

Pleistocene

34
Q

Mode 1

A

Oldawan, 2.5, choppers, cores, flakes, anvil, hammerstones, early homo erectus and homo erectus

35
Q

sagittal keel

A

exclusive homo erectus, long rides along top skull from front to back

36
Q

Neanderthal

A

developed ice-age in Europe, receding forehead and promitant eye ridges, unitelligent

37
Q

Donal Johanson

A

Lucy, Australopithecus afarensis finder

38
Q

Bose Valley

A

China, hand axe production site

39
Q

hunting

A

middle pleiostocene homo erectus

40
Q

tranverse torus

A

homo erectus back of skull protuberance (football shape head)

41
Q

radiocarbon dating

A

only date as early as 50k, can’t date bipeds, early homo, homos

42
Q

homo ergastor

A

African origin, lasted till end of ice age, sagittal keel, similar to homo sapiens below the neck

43
Q

middle pleisocene hominins

A

culture of archaic homo sapiens, Mode 2

44
Q

Archaic Homo Sapien

A

1 mya, appeared after homo erectus, antecessor

45
Q

scavenger

A

early homo and pidels, plant material

46
Q

senga 5 A

A

Congo, Oldowan, debitage- 4 cores, 1 homosapien

47
Q

Raymond Dart

A

australopithecus africanus founder

48
Q

Homo Naledi

A

South African, found in deep cave (15 individuals), sagittal keeling, pelvis flares out. Outlier of early homo

49
Q

homo erectus

A

African origin, derived form H. Ergaster, 1st hominin outside of Europe, protuberance, sagittal keel, 750-1250 cc

50
Q

Early homo habilis

A

2.5-1.8, leakey, exclussively Africa, olduvai george, long arms, conical thorax, mode 1

51
Q

louis, mary, richard Leakey

A

boisei, early homo, homo erectus

52
Q

holecene

A

after ice age

53
Q

Percision Grip

A

humans= short, straight, broad finger tips, fine motor skills

54
Q

homo antecessor

A

spain, earliest of Africa, archaic homo sapien

55
Q

power grip

A

long curved fingers, less precise, stregnth

56
Q

speech/language

A

developed in homo erectus

ANTH 212 (5 decks)

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