exam 2

Question 1

Advanced marginality

Answer 1

In the ghetto, there’s both spatial and social segregation; not only geographical segregation

Question 2

Contested Boundaries Hypothesis

Answer 2

In neighborhoods where the boundaries are unclear between races, people are more likely to call 311 when someone looks suspicious

Question 3

Environmental Justice

Answer 3

the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies

Question 4

Environmental racism

Answer 4

any policy, practice, or directive that differentially effects or disadvantages, regardless of intention, individuals, groups, or communities based on race

Question 5

Gerrymandering

Answer 5

the process in which elected politicians redraw and manipulate the borders of political districts (not housing, not counties)

Question 6

Ghetto

Answer 6

part of a city that is almost Texlucisvely inhabited by one racial or ethnic group and to which all members are excluded (have trouble moving outwards)

Question 7

Index of dissimilarity

Answer 7

measure of residential segregation between two groups

Question 8

Nimbyism

Answer 8

a common narrative of objection to the sighting of something perceived as unpleasant or hazardous near one’s home

Question 9

Redlining

Answer 9

the practice of denying mortgage loans for homes in non-White neighborhoods

Question 10

White Fight

Answer 10

people who because they cannot afford to leave, they start to fight POC moving into their neighborhoods

Question 11

White Flight

Answer 11

the phenomenon of White residents moving out of the cities to the suburbs

Question 12

White Anti-Racists

Answer 12

White people who weren’t bothered by POC moving into their neighborhoods; they joined groups and organizations to help with civil rights

Question 13

Civil Rights Act of 1968/Fair Housing Act

Answer 13

it prohibited discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing
There were two factors that led to the passage of this law:
The Chicago Open House Movement: rallies, marches, and protests for equal housing
The assassination of MLK: large unrest and anger; part of the response to that to calm the anger was this passage

Question 14

Gilby v. Whitford

Answer 14

extreme partisan gerrymandering is unconstitutional, but they did not define what “extreme partisan gerrymandering” meant