Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 1020- Diversity of Life > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Tissues

A

An organization of specialized cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Germ Layers

A

Ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ectoderm

A

Epithelial tissue and nervous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mesoderm

A

Muscular, circulatory, skeletal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Endoderm

A

Gives rise to internal organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Free Form Symmetry

A

No symmetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Radial Symmetry

A

When a plane can be passed through a central axis and divide the organism into two equal halves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Bilateral Symmetry

A

When a plane can be passed one way through a central axis to divide the organism into two equal halves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cephalization

A

The grouping of primary sensory organs at one end of the organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Coelom

A

“Cavity”; A space between the gut and body wall used to house organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Acoelomates

A

No body cavity; less complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pseudocolemates

A

Have a partially lined cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Coleomates

A

Have a fully lined body cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Segmentation

A

Similar repeated units; allows for an increase in size without the need for new DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Intercellular Digestion

A

Digestion within the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Gastrovascular Cavity

A

One opening, both mouth and anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Complete Digestive Tract

A

Two openings, mouth separate from the anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Invertebrates

A

Animals that lack a backbone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Vertebrates

A

Animals that have a backbone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Porifera

A

Sponges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cnidaria

A

Jellyfish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Platyhelminthes

A

Flatworms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Annelida

A

Segmented worms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Nematoda

A

Round worms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Arthropoda

A

“jointed skeleton”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Deuterostomes

A

The first embryonic opening is the anus and the second becomes the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Chordates have:

A

notochord, a dorsal nerve chord, pharyngeal gill slits, tail near anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Invertebrate Chordates have:

A

Everything but the bony set of vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Tunicates

A

Sea squirts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Cephalochordates

A

Lancelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Jawless Fish

A

Lampreys, hagfish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Chondrocytes

A

Sharks, skate, rays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Bony Fish

A

Have 2 chambered hearts

34
Q

Amphibians

A

Body style and mode of reproduction is somewhere in between fish and reptiles; 3 chambered hearts

35
Q

Ectothermic

A

Relying on the environment’s temperature for body temperature

36
Q

Reptiles

A

Have 3 chambered hearts

37
Q

Birds

A

Have 4 chambered hearts

38
Q

Endothermic

A

When you generate and maintain your own body heat

39
Q

Mammals

A

Have 4 chambered hearts

40
Q

Unique to mammals:

A

Hair/fur, internal fertilization and development, dentition, mammary glands

41
Q

Dentition

A

The alignment of the jaws that allow for chewing and grinding

42
Q

Monotremes

A

Egg laying mammals

43
Q

Marsupials

A

Pouched animals

44
Q

Eutherians

A

Placental animals

45
Q

Behavior

A

The way an organism responds to a situation or stimulus

46
Q

Fixed Action Patterns (FAP’s)

A

A behavior brought about by a sign stimulus

47
Q

Learning

A

A durable change in behavior brought about by experience

48
Q

Imprinting

A

A simple form of learning that has a strong genetic component

49
Q

Sensitive Period

A

The behavior develops only during a 2-3 day period after hatching

50
Q

Associative Learning

A

A change in behavior that involves an association between two events

51
Q

Classical Conditioning

A

When two different types of stimuli are present at the same time, resulting in an animal forming an association between them

52
Q

Operant Conditioning

A

When a stimulus response is strengthened

53
Q

Why animals defend territories:

A

Ensures a source of food, allows rights for females, area to raise young, protection

54
Q

Fitness

A

An organism’s reproductive success

55
Q

Assortative Selection

A

Choosing mates with traits similar to ourselves

56
Q

Sexual Selection

A

The selecting is always done by the female and the males display their virtues

57
Q

Altruism

A

A behavior that potentially limits an organism’s. reproductive success but benefits another member of the same species

58
Q

Kin Selection

A

When the potential sacrifice will benefit an individual with the same genetics

59
Q

Inclusive Fitness

A

Refers to the number of offspring an individual rears and supports

60
Q

Reciprocal Altruism

A

When an organism acts in a manner that temporarily reduces its fitness while increasing another organism’s fitness with the expectation that the other organism will act similar at a later time

61
Q

Neuron

A

Individual nerve cell

62
Q

Function of the nervous system:

A

Receive information, information has to be integrated, conduct a signal, transmit a signal, coordinate metabolic activities

63
Q

Four basic parts of a neuron:

A

Dendrites, cell body, axons, synaptic terminals

64
Q

Dendrites

A

Receives information from other neurons or outside the body and convert stimuli into electrical signals

65
Q

Cell Body

A

The integration center; adds up the signals from the dendrites and decides whether or not to produce an action potential

66
Q

Action Potential

A

Electrical output of the cell

67
Q

Axons

A

Carry the action potential from the cell body to the synaptic terminal

68
Q

Axons also make up:

A

Bundled together they make up nerves; also make nerve cells the longest cells of the body

69
Q

Synaptic Terminal

A

Swellings at the end of a neuron that contain neurotransmitters and receptors

70
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Send messages to other neurons/organs

71
Q

Receptors

A

Receive and bind the neurotransmitters from other neurons

72
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Brain, spinal cord

73
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Nerves that connect the central to the rest of the body; somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system

74
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

Synapse on skeletal muscle; controls voluntary muscle movement

75
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

Controls involuntary movement; sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system

76
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

Works on organs and prepares them for stress; fight or flight

77
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

Rest and rumination

78
Q

Central Nervous System is protected in three ways:

A

Skull/vertebrae, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid

79
Q

Meninges

A

Triple layers of connective tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord

80
Q

Cerebrospinal Fluid

A

Between the meninges and brain/spinal cord; cushions both

Biology 1020- Diversity of Life (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions