Exam 2 Flashcards
Which organism is NOT correctly matched to its energy source?
* chemoheterotroph - glucose
* chemoautotroph - Fe2+
* photoautotroph - CO2
* photoheterotroph - light
photoautotroph does not use CO2 for energy
Which of the following is the best definition of oxidative phosphorylation?
A proton gradient allows hydrogen ions to flow back into the cells through transmembrane protein channels, releasing energy that is used to generate ATP.
Which of the following is the best definition of fermentation?
the partial oxidation of glucose with organic molecules serving as electron acceptors
Microorganisms that catabolize sugars into lactic acid and other products (such as CO2) would most likely be categorized as?
answers include various types of respirers and fermenters
alcohol fermenters
True or False:
An apoenzyme that loses its coenzyme subunit will be non-functional.
True. An apoenzyme that loses its coenzyme subunit will be non-functional.
Which of the following elements is NOT correctly matched with its cellular function?
* phosphorus - produce carbohydrates
* nitrogen - amino acid synthesis
* sulfur - synthesis of amino acids, thiamin, biotin
* phosphorus - nucleic acids
* magnesium and potassium - cofactors for enzymes
phosphorus is NOT used for production of carbohydrates
The term aerotolerant anaerobe refers to an organism that
does not use oxygen but tolerates it
Most bacteria reproduce by
binary fission
Most bacteria grow best at pH of what?
7
Patients with indwelling catheters (long-term inserts into an orifice) are susceptible to infections because:
biofilms develop on catheters
Which of the following statements about anaerobic respiration is FALSE.
* generates ATP
* yields less ATP than aerobic respiration
* requires cytochromes
* It involves the reduction of an organic final electron acceptor.
* the complete Krebs cycle is used
Anaerobic respiration DOES NOT involve the reduction of an organic final electron receptor.
What is the fate of pyruvic acid in an organism that uses aerobic respiration?
It is converted into acetyl CoA.
How would a noncompetitive inhibitor interfere with a reaction involving the enzyme shown in the Figure?
It would bind to b.
Which of the graphs in the Figure below best illustrates the activity of an enzyme that is saturated with substrate?
a (activity keeps growing)
A bacterium that only possesses the ability to ferment obtains energy by:
Answers include combinations of: aerobic respiration, fermentation, glycolysis, presence of oxygen
by glycolysis only.
All of the following are required in the reactions of microbial respiration EXCEPT:
Answers include: cytochromes, electron transport, final electron acceptor, oxygen, source of electrons.
oxygen (is NOT required for microbial respiration)
Which of the following uses glucose for carbon and energy?
Answers include types of autotrophs and heterotrophs.
chemoheterotroph
Which of the following statements are TRUE?
* Electron carriers are located at ribosomes.
False
Which of the following statements are TRUE?
* ATP is common intermediate between catabolic and anabolic pathways.
True
Which of the following statements are TRUE?
* ATP is used for the long-term storage of energy and so is often found in storage granules.
False
Which of the following statements are TRUE?
* Anaerobic organisms are capable of generating ATP via respiration.
True
Which of the following statements are TRUE?
* ATP can be generated by the flow of protons across protein channels.
True
Which of the following statements regarding metabolism is FALSE?
* Anabolic reactions are degradative.
False
Which of the following statements regarding metabolism is FALSE?
* ADP is formed in anabolic reactions.
True
Which of the following statements regarding metabolism is FALSE?
* ATP is formed in catabolic reactions.
True
Which of the following statements regarding metabolism is FALSE?
* Heat may be released in both anabolic and catabolic reactions.
True
In the figure below where is ATP produced?
e
Referring to the Figure blow, in aerobic respiration, where is water formed?
d.
In the figure below, the structure labeled 1 is?
a plasma membrane
In the figure below, the structure labeled 2 is the flow of?
protons
What is the most acidic place in the figure below?
a
Using the figure, match the following:
ten-step enzymatically driven process that converts glucose into pyruvic acid.
A
Using the figure below, match the following:
Produces the CO2 involved during glucose oxidation.
B
Using the figure, match the following:
where the hydrogen atoms removed during the oxidation of food fuels are combined with O2.
C
Using the figure, match the following:
contains ATP synthase rotor rings
E
Glucose serves as the initial reactant.
* citric acid Krebs cycle
* glycolysis
* chemiosmosis
* electron transport chain
glycolysis
Occurs in the cytosol of a cell.
* citric acid Krebs cycle
* glycolysis
* chemiosmosis
* electron transport chain
glycolysis
Produces the most ATP.
* citric acid Krebs cycle
* glycolysis
* chemiosmosis
* electron transport chain
chemiosmosis
Using the figure, match the following:
ATP formed by oxidative phosphorylation
D
Which of the following does not describe enzymes?
* enzymes work by raising the energy of activation
False
Which of the following does not describe enzymes?
* Some enzymes are purely protein
True
Which of the following does not describe enzymes?
* Each enzyme is chemically specific.
True