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Cultural Anthropology > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Gender Studies

A

Research into understanding how gender identities and expressions are shaped by and affect one’s life

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2
Q

Sex

A

The culturally agreed upon physical differences between male and female, especially biological differences related to human reproduction
-Observable physical traits
-Sexual behaviors does not mean sexual identity

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3
Q

Gender

A

The expression of thought and behavior that each culture assigns to people of different sexes
-Learned

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4
Q

Sexual Dimorphism

A

The phenotypic differences between males and females of the same species

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5
Q

Cultural Construction of Gender

A

The ways humans learn to perform and recognize behaviors as masculine or feminine within their cultural contexts

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6
Q

Transgender

A

People whose gender identity and performance do not correspond with the biological sex category assigned at birth

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7
Q

Cisgender

A

People whose gender identity and performance correspond with their birth sex

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8
Q

Masculinity

A

The ideas and practices associated with manhood

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9
Q

Feminity

A

The ideas and practices associated with womanhood

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10
Q

Gender Performance

A

The way gender identity is expressed through action

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11
Q

Intersex

A

The state of being born with a combination of male and female genitalia, gonads, and/or chromosomes

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12
Q

Gender Stratification

A

An unequal distribution of power in which gender shapes who has access to a group’s resources, opportunities, rights, and privilages

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13
Q

Gender Stereotypes

A

Widely held preconceived notions about the attributes of differences between, and proper roles for men and women in a culture

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14
Q

Gender Ideology

A

A set of cultural ideas, usually stereotypical, about the essential character of different genders that functions to promote and justify gender stratification

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15
Q

Sexuality

A

The complex range of desires, beliefs, and behaviors that are related to erotic physical contact and the cultural arena within which people debate about which kinds of physical desires and behaviors are right, appropriate, and natural

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16
Q

Heterosexuality

A

Attraction to and sexual relations between individuals of the opposite sex

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17
Q

Homosexuality

A

Attraction to and sexual relations between individuals of the same sex

18
Q

Bisexuality

A

Attraction to and sexual relations with members of both sexes

19
Q

Asexuality

A

A lack of erotic attraction to others

20
Q

Kinship

A

The system of meaning and power that cultures create to determine who is related to whom and to define their mutual expectations, rights, and responsibilities

21
Q

Nuclear Family

A

The kinship unit of mother, father, and children

22
Q

Descent Group

A

A kinship group in which primary relationships are traced through certain blood relatives

23
Q

Patrilineal Descent Group

A

A kinship group in which membership passes to the next generation from father to son

24
Q

Lineage

A

A type of descent group that traces genealogical connection through generations by linking persons to a founding ancestor

25
Q

Clan

A

A type of descent group based on a claim to a founding ancestor but lacking genealogical documentation

26
Q

Affinal Relationship

A

A kinship relationship established through marriage and/or alliance, not through biology or common descent

27
Q

Marriage

A

A socially recognized relationship that may involve physical and emotional intimacy as well as legal rights to property and inheritance

28
Q

Arranged Marriage

A

Marriage orchestrated by the families of the involved parties

29
Q

Companionate Marriage

A

Marriage built on love, intimacy, and personal choice rather than social obligation

30
Q

Polygyny

A

Marriage between one man and 2+ women

31
Q

Polyandry

A

Marriage between one women and 2+ men

32
Q

Monogamy

A

A relationship between only 2 partners

33
Q

Incest Taboo

A

Cultural rules that forbid sexual relations with certain close relatives

34
Q

Exogamy

A

Marriage to someone outside the kinship group

35
Q

Endogamy

A

Marriage to someone within the kinship group

36
Q

Bridewealth

A

The gift of goods or money from the groom’s family to the bride’s family as part of the marriage proccess

37
Q

Dowry

A

The gift of goods or money from the bride’s family to the groom’s family as part of the marriage process

38
Q

Family of Orientation

A

The family group in which one is born, grows up, and develops life skills

39
Q

Family of Procreation

A

The family group created when one reproduces and within which one rears children

40
Q

Intersectionality

A

Interconnectedness of race, class, gender, and sexuality

Cultural Anthropology (4 decks)

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