Exam 2 Flashcards
How long do REM cycles usually last?
90 minutes
The state of transition between wakefulness and sleep, characterized by relatively rapid, low-amplitude brain waves
Stage 1 sleep
A sleep deeper than that of stage 1, characterized by a slower, more regular wave pattern, along with momentary interruptions of sleep spindles
Stage 2 Sleep
The deepest stage of sleep, during which we are least responsive to outside stimulation
Stage 3 Sleep
Sleep occupying 20 percent of an adult’s sleeping time, characterized by increased heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing rate; erections (in males); eye movements; and the experience of dreaming
REM sleep
What type of sleep may play a role in memory and storage?
REM sleep
How many dreams does the average person experience by the age of 70?
150,000
Dreams represent unconscious wishes the dreamer wishes to fulfill
Unconscious wish fulfillment theory (Freud)
The theory suggesting that dreams permit information tha tis critical for our daily survival to be reconsidered and reprocessed during sleep
Dreams-for-survival theory
J. Allan Hobson’s theory that the brain produces random electrical energy during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep that stimulates memories stored in the brain
Activation-synthesis theory
According to Sigmund Freud, the “disguised” meaning of dreams, hidden by more obvious subjects
Latent content of dreams
According to Sigmund Freud, the apparent story line of dreams
Manifest content of dreams
What are the three main explanations of dreaming?
Unconscious wish fulfillment theory, dreams for survival theory, activation synthesis theory
difficulty sleeping
insomnia
a condition in which a person has difficulty breathing while sleeping
Sleep Apnea
a mysterious killer of seemingly normal infants who die while sleeping; thought to have possible ties to sleep apnea
SIDS
sudden awakenings from non-REM sleep that are accompanied by extreme fear, panic, and strong physiological arousal
night terrors
When do night terrors usually occur during the sleep cycle
stage 3
What age group do night terrors usually affect
children within the ages of 3 and 8
uncontrollable sleeping that occurs for short periods while a person is awake
narcolepsy
what stage of the sleep cycle do people with narcolepsy fall directly into
REM
What stage of sleep does sleepwalking and sleep-talking generally occur in?
Stage 3
biological processes that occur regularly on approximately a 24-hour cycle
circadian rhythm
What is used to study sleep?
EEG