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PRAY > Exam 16 Forensic > Flashcards

Exam 16 Forensic Flashcards

1
Q

1.​ It is the branch of medicine that deals with the application of medical knowledge for the purpose of law and in the administration of justice.

A

​c. ​Forensic Medicine​​

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2
Q

2.​On the other hand, it denotes the knowledge of law in relation to the practice of medicine.​

​

A

Medical Jurisprudence​

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3
Q

3.​It is species of proof, or probative matter, legally presented at the trial at an issue by the act of the parties for the purpose of inducing belief in the minds of the court as to their contention.

A

​Medical Evidence

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4
Q

4.​It occurs when there is irreversible coma, absence of electrical brain activity and complete cessation of all the vital functions without possibility of resuscitation.

A

brain-death

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5
Q

5.​This is the state of the body in which there is complete, persistent and continuous cessation of the vital functions of the brain, heart and lungs that maintain life and health.

A

somatic death

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6
Q

6.​This condition is really not death, but merely a transient loss of consciousness or temporary cessation of the vital functions of individual cells.

A

apparent death​​

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7
Q

7.​Like heart action, in order for it to be considered as a sign of death, it must be continuous and persistent.

A

cessation of respiration

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8
Q

8.​This condition must be observed in conjunction with cessation of heartbeat, and cessation of respiration.

A

​loss of power to move

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9
Q

9.​This test is useful to determine whether death is real, it can produce dry blister.

A

action of heat on the skin

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10
Q

10.​These can be manifested by the loss of corneal reflex, clouding of the cornea, flaccidity of the eyeball, and the pupil is in the position of rest.

A

​a.​changes in and about the eyes

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11
Q

11.​ It is firm in consistency and with uniform in color.

A

post-mortem clot

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12
Q

12.​It appears three to six hours after death, and it is completed 12 hours after death.

A

Rigor mortis

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13
Q

13.​It can be manifested when the body is frozen, but exposure to warm conditions will make such stiffening disappear.

A

​cold stiffening ​

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14
Q

14.​It occurs immediately after death, wherein there is complete relaxation of the body.

A

primary flaccidity​​

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15
Q

15.​This happens after the disappearance of rigor mortis, and the muscle becomes flaccid.
​

A

post-mortem lividity

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16
Q

16.​This appears during the later stage of its formation when the blood has coagulated inside the blood vessels and still fluid in form.

A

diffusion lividity​

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17
Q

17.​ It is the breaking down of the complex protein into simpler components associated with evolution of foul smelling gasses.

A

putrefaction

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18
Q

18.​On account of the chemical changes, the color of the soft body tissue is gradually changed either of the following colors, EXCEPT:

A

greenish-gray

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19
Q

19.​It can accelerate decomposition if moderate, but excessive amount will delay decomposition.

A

moist

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20
Q

20.​It is a fluid coming out of the nostrils and mouth, and it is usually due to putrefaction of the gastro intestinal and respiratory tracts.

A

froth

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21
Q

21.​It use will delay the decomposition of the body, if it is airtight and hard.

A

coffin

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22
Q

22.​Usually the auricle of the heart contracts after somatic death for a longer period than the ventricle, this is called.

A

ultimen mariens

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23
Q

23.​Autopsies shall be performed in the following case, EXCEPT.

​a.​natural and violent death
​b.​whenever required by special laws
c.​upon order by the competent court
​d.​upon written request of police authorities

A

​a.​natural and violent death

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24
Q

24.​It can be manifested by exposure of the hand of the living persons to translucent lights, thus will allow the red color of circulation to be seen underneath the skin.

​a.​opacity of the skin​​
b.​discoloration of skin
​c.​elasticity of the skin​d.​
d.all of the above

A

​a.​opacity of the skin​​

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25
Q

25.​It initially hastens putrefaction by maintaining body temperature, but in the later stage, it can delay the decomposition by protecting the body from the ravage, flies, and other insects.

​a.​clothing
​​​​b.​environment​
​c.​fluid​​​​​
d.​air

A

clothing

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26
Q

26.​It is the desolution of the natural continuity of any tissues of the living body.

a.​death
​​​​​b. ​physical injury​
​c.​wound​​ ​​
d.​disease

A

wound

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27
Q

27.​Wound that is caused immediately after infliction of shortly thereafter that is capable of causing death.

​a.​non-mortal wound
​​​b.​mortal wound
​c.​superficial wound​​​
d.​penetrating wound

A

mortal wound

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28
Q

28.​It is a type of wound which involves only the layers of the skin.

A

superficial wound​​​

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29
Q

29.​The wounding agent enters the body but did not come out or the mere piercing of solid organ or tissue of the body.

​a.​superficial wound​​
b.​deep
​c.​penetrating​​​
d.​perforating​

A

penetrating wound

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30
Q

30.​Wound which is result of a person’s instinctive reaction of self protection.

​a.​defense wound​​​
b.​patterned wound
​c.​self inflicted wound​​​
d.​hesitation wound

A

defense wound

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31
Q

31.​It is wound produced on oneself, and as distinguished from suicide, the person has no intention to end his life.

a.​defense wound​​​
b.​patterned wound
​c.​self inflicted wound​​
d.​hesitation wound

A

self inflicted wound

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32
Q

32.​It is a wound where there is no breach of continuity of the skin or mucous membrane.

​a.​open wound
​​​​b.​hematoma
​c.​closed wounds​​​
d.​abrasions

A

closed wounds​​

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33
Q

33.​A gradual breakdown or very shallow ulceration of the skin which involves only the epidermis and heals without scarring.​

​a.​pressure sore​​​
b.​dermal erosion
​c.​insects & fishes bites
​​D.​excoriation of the skin​

A

dermal erosion

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34
Q

34.​This kind of abrasion is caused by pressure accompanied by movement usually observed in hanging or strangulation,

​a.​scratch​​​​
b.​graze
​c.​impact or imprint​​​
d.​pressure of friction​

A

d.​pressure of friction​

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35
Q

35.​These abrasions are usually caused by forcible contact with rough hard object resulting to irregular removal of the skin surface.

a.​scratch​​​​
b.​graze
c.​impact or imprint
​​​d.​pressure of friction

A

graze

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36
Q

36.​Physical injury which is located at the site of the location of the force.

​a.​coup-contre-coup injury
​​b.​locus minoris resistencia​
c.​conter-coup injury
​​​d.​coup injury

A

coup injury

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37
Q

37.​Physical injury located at the site and also opposite the site of the application of the force.

​a.​coup-contre-coup injury​​

b. ​locus minoris resistencia​​​
c. ​conter-coup injury​​​d.​coup injury

A

coup-contre-coup injury

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38
Q

38.​Physical injury involving greater area of the body beyond the site of the application of force.

​a.​extensive injury
​​​b.​abrasion
​c.​contusion​​​​d.​wound​​​

A

​a.​extensive injury

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39
Q

39.​This is a circumscribed extravasation of the blood in the subcutaneous tissue or underneath the mucous membrane.

​a.​petechiae​​​​
b.​contussion​​
​c.​hematoma​​​​
d.​internal hemorrhage

A

petechiae

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40
Q

40.​It is the extravasation or effusion of blood in a newly formed cavity underneath the skin.

​a.​petechiae
​​​​b.​contussion​​
​c.​hematoma​​​​
d.​internal hemorrhage

A

contussion

41
Q

41.​Displacement of the articular surface of bones entering into the formation of a joint.

​a.​sprain
​​​​b.​dislocation
​c.​fracture​​​
d.​strain

A

strain

42
Q

43.​ It is the incomplete or partial dislocation of the bone.

​a.​musculo-skeletal injury​
b.​subluxation
​c.​pathologic fracture​​
d.​compound fracture

A

subluxation

43
Q

44.​An abrasion which appears as a single line, it may be a straight of curved line.

​a.​multiple​​​
b.​multi-linear
​c.​confluent​​​​
d.​linear

A

linear

44
Q

45.​The linear marks on the skin are almost indistinguishable on account of the severity of the friction of the object.

​a.​multiple​​​​
b.​multi-linear
​c.​confluent
​​​​d.​linear

A

confluent

45
Q

46.​It is a comprehensive study of a dead body, performed by a trained physician employing recognized dissection techniques.

​a.​medico legal examination
​​b.​hospital autopsy
​c.​autopsy​​​
d.​all of the above​

A

autopsy

46
Q

47.​This is an examination performed on a dead body for the purpose separating death due to disease from death due to external cause for the protection of the innocent.

a. ​medico legal examination​​
b. ​official examination
c. ​all of the above​​​
d. ​none of the above​

A

all of the above

47
Q

48.​ It includes appreciation of its condition and drawing of inference from it, also the collection of physical evidence.

a. investigation​​​
b. ​special crime investigation.
c. ​investigation of death​
d. ​crime scene investigation

A

crime scene investigation

48
Q

49.​The injury or disease was survived for a sufficiency prolonged interval which permitted the development of serious sequalae which actually caused the death.

a. ​non-violent or natural death
b. ​violent death or unnatural death
c. ​immediate or primary cause of death
d. ​proximate or secondary cause of death

A

proximate or secondary cause of death

49
Q

50.​Death cause by natural disease condition of the body.

​a.​non-violent or natural death

b. ​violent death or unnatural death
c. ​immediate or primary cause of death
d. ​proximate or secondary cause of death

A

non-violent or natural death

50
Q

51.​It is produced by the penetration of a sharp pointed and sharp edge instrument.

​a.​stab wound
​​​​b.​incised wound​
​c. ​gaping wound
​​​d.​punctured wound

A

Stab wound

51
Q

It is the result of a thrust of a sharp pointed instrument.

​a.​stab wound
​​​b.​incised wound​
​c. ​gaping wound​​​
d.​punctured wound

A

stab wound

52
Q

53.​It is a tear of the skin and the underlying tissues due to forcible contact with blunt instrument.

​a.​stab wound​​​​
b.​incised wound​
​c. ​lacerated wound
​​​d.​punctured wound

A

lacerated wound

53
Q

54.​It is the separation of the edges especially in deep wound.

​a.​stab wound
​​​​b.​incised wound​
​c. ​gaping wound​​​
d.​punctured wound

A

gaping wound

54
Q

55.​It is the disturbance of fluid balance resulting to peripheral deficiency which is manifested by the decreased volume of blood, hemo concentration and renal deficiency.

A

shock

55
Q

56.​It is the reduction of effective volume of oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.

A

anoxemia

56
Q

57.​This is caused by immediate nerve impulse set up at the injured area which are conveyed to the central nervous system.

A

primary shock

57
Q

58.​It is characterized by a low blood pressure, subnormal temperature, cold clammy perspiration.

A

secondary shock

58
Q

59.​It is the extravasation or loss of blood from the circulation brought about by wounds in the cardio-vascular system.

A

hemorrhage

59
Q

60.​It is bleeding which occurs immediately after the traumatic injury of the blood vessel.

A

primary hemorrhage

60
Q

61.​This occurs not immediately after the infliction, but sometime thereafter on or near the injured area.

A

secondary hemorrhage

61
Q

62.​It is the appearance, growth and development of micro-organism at the site of injury.

A

infection

62
Q

63.​This is a condition in which foreign matters are introduced in the blood stream causing sudden block to the blood flow in the finer arterioles and capillaries.

A

embolism

63
Q

64.​It is a condition of a female who has not experienced sexual intercourse, and whose organs have not been altered by carnal connection.

A

virginity

64
Q

65.​A woman is __________ if her body is pure and if she has never had any sexual intercourse with another.

A

virtuous female

65
Q

66.​The state of not knowing the nature of sexual life and not having experienced sexual relation.

A

moral virginity

66
Q

67.​A condition whereby a woman is conscious of the nature of sexual life but has not experienced sexual intercourse.

A

physical virginity​​​​

67
Q

68.​A condition wherein the hymen is intact with the edges distinct and regular and the opening is small to barely admit the tip of the smallest finger.

A

true physical virginity​

68
Q

69.​A condition wherein the hymen is un-ruptured but the orifice is wide and elastic to admit two or more fingers.

A

​false physical virginity

69
Q

70.​This term refers to the condition of a woman who permits any form of sexual liberties as long as they abstain from rupturing the hymen by sexual act.

A

demi virginity​

70
Q

71.​Literally the term refers to a truly virgin woman, that there are no structural changes in her organ to infer previous sexual intercourse and that she is a virtuous women.

A

demi virginity​

71
Q

72.​They are functionally related to the reproductive system.

a.​breast
​​​b.​sex organs​
​c. ​private parts
​​​d.​reproductive system

A

breast

72
Q

73.​The contour lines are not straight but form part of a circle or half of a sphere.

A

hemispherical breasts

73
Q

74.​The outline consists of two converging lines which meet at the region of the nipple.

A

conical breasts

74
Q

75.​It is only slightly elevated from the chest without distinct boundary and showing no definite shape.

​

A

infantile breasts

75
Q

76.​The skin is loose, and is capable of swinging in any direction.

A

pendulous breasts

76
Q

77.​It has a shape of a hemisphere but with loose skin.

A

hemispherical pendulous breast

77
Q

78.​This is death caused by the sudden loss of air or oxygen.

A

asphyxia

78
Q

79.​The composition of the wall of vagina is smooth muscle and __________.

A

fibro elastic connective tissue

79
Q

80.​As a general rule, these are the characteristics of the vaginal canal of a virgin, EXCEPT.

A

lax

80
Q

81.​It is a firm, elastic and plump and its medial borders are usually in close contact with each others.

A

labia majora

81
Q

82.​It is soft, pinkish in close contact with one another, and its vestibule is narrow.

A

labia minora​

82
Q

83.​It presents a V-shape appearances as the two labia unite posteriorly.

A

fourchette

83
Q

84.​It is given too much attention in the determination of virginity.

A

hymen

84
Q

85.​It is the laceration or rupture of the hymen as a result of sexual intercourse.

A

defloration

85
Q

86.​It is a position in which the thighs are hyperflexed, predisposes to deep penetration of male sex organs and is contributory to vaginal faults lacerations.

​a.​doral decubitus​​​b.​genital disproportion​
​c. ​uterine retroversion​​​d.​post-menopause

A

doral decubitus

86
Q

87.​The genital organ is not yet fully developed to subject it to full physiological function.

A

pre-puberty​

87
Q

88.​Almost simultaneous death of both partners during sexual intercourse may be due to the following, EXCEPT.

a.​asphyxiation​​​​
b.​homicide​
​c. ​natural death
​​​d.​suicide

A

​c. ​natural death

88
Q

89.​During sexual intercourse, the male as an active subject develops the following that may cause death, EXCEPT.

​a.​tachycardia​​​
b.​increase in blood pressure
​c. ​hyper ventilation​​
d.​cardio vascular disease

A

cardio vascular disease

89
Q

90.​Women almost never suffer death from natural causes during the normal sexual act, the reason maybe that they are less susceptible to __________.

​a.​tachycardia
​​​b.​increase in blood pressure
​c. ​hyper ventilation
​​d.​cardio vascular disease

A

cardio vascular disease

90
Q

91.​Opening is oval or circular, and there may be indentation of the borders.

A

annular

91
Q

92.​The hymen presents several openings instead of a single one.

​a.​annular​​​​
b.​infantile​
​c. ​semilunar​​​​
d.​crib form​

A

crib form​?

92
Q

93.​The concavity may be facing either side or upwards or downwards.

a.​annular​​​​
b.​infantile​
​c. ​semilunar​​​​
d.​crib form​

A

semilunar

93
Q

95.​There are two openings which may be of equal or different sizes separated by a bridge of hymenal tissue.

a.​septate​​​​
b.​fimbriated
​c. ​imperforate​​​​
d.​membranous

A

septate

94
Q

96.​The border of the opening shows small irregular protrusion towards the opening.

a.​septate​​​​
b.​fimbriated
​c. ​imperforate
​​​​d.​membranous

A

fimbriated

95
Q

97.​There is no opening on the hymen.

a.​septate
​​​​b.​fimbriated
​c. ​imperforate​​​​
d.​membranous

A

imperforate

96
Q

98.​Hymen is parchment-like, may be transparent and may lacerate without pain or appreciable bleeding.

a.​septate
​​​​b.​fimbriated
​c. ​umperforate
​​​​d.​membranous

A

membranous

97
Q

99.​In the determination whether the wounds were inflicted during life or after death, the following factors must be taken into consideration, EXCEPT.

​a.​presence of hemorrhage
​b.​sings of inflammation and repair ​
​c. ​retraction of the edges of the wound
d.​extravasation and clotting of blood

A

extravasation and clotting of blood

98
Q

100.​It is naturally occurring, and the principal component of cellular chromosomes, and it is responsible for the hereditary characteristics in all life forms.​​

​a.​deoxyribonucleic acid test
​b.​Jeffreys Probes & White Probes ​
​c. ​Multilocus Probe Test
​d.​AGCT Test​

A

​a.​deoxyribonucleic acid test

PRAY (18 decks)

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