Exam Flashcards
How common is prostate cancer?
2nd most common in men
In 2021 how many men were diagnosed with prostate cancer?
248,530
Average age of prostate cancer diagnosis?
66
Prostate cancer occurs most common in?
African Americans (2x more likely to develop)
What are the zones of the prostate gland?
Anterior, Central, Peripheral, Transitional
What is prostate cancer screening & what is involved?
PSA- (PSA Velocity-rate of change over time)- Prostate Specific Antogen
DRE- Digital rectal exam
What is the normal level of PSA in a healthy man?
< 4ng/mL
What is a prostate biopsy?
Taking samples of 12 cores throughout prostate gland to assign Gleason score and rating the cancer.
T Categories? (staging)
T1-T2 are localized and locally advanced, T3-T4 are advanced disease (outside of the prostate capsule)
TNM stands for and is used for?
Tumor, Nodes, Metastises- measures how far its spread?
Active Surveillance is used when?
Cancer isn’t aggressive and has low risk of increasing in severity.
Surgery is a common curative treatment when?
Prostate cancer is still within the capsule (confined to the prostate gland.)
What are the major side effects of radical prostatectomy?
Urinary incontinence and E/D
What type of treatment is Eligard and what does it do to the patient?
LhRh agonist that reduces Testosterone in the body, as well as testicular production of Testosterone.
How many doses of Eligard are there and what are they?
7.5mg, 22.5mg, 30mg and 45mg
How often is each dose injected?
7.5mg=monthly
22.5mg=every 3 months
30mg=every 4 months
45mg=every 6 months
How much volume is injected with each dose?
7.5mg= .25mL
22.5mg= .375mL
30mg= .5mL
45mg= .375mL
Where can Eligard be injected?
Avoid areas with brawny, or fibrous tissue, or that can be rubbed, or compressed (waistline.) Can be injected anywhere with sufficient subcutaneous tissue (buttocks, abdomen, thigh, or arm.)
What are each dose of Eligard’s respective needle gauges and length?
7.5mg, 22.5mg and 30mg= 20 gauge and 5/8”
45mg=18 gauge and 5/8”
What are the most common injection site AE’s in the Eligard clinical studies?
Transient burning and stinging, pain, erythema, bruising.
How many patients from the clinical trials discontinued Eligard due to AE’s?
0
The most frequently reported possibly systemic adverse event that occured in >2% was?
Hot flashes/sweats
Malaise and fatigue
At what temperature should Eligard be stored?
2-8 degrees celsius
After being brought to room temperature, how long is Eligard able to be used?
8 weeks
How many doses of Lupron are there and what are they?
7.5mg, 22.5mg, 30mg and 45mg
How often are Lupron’s doses injected?
4 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks and 24 weeks
What timeframe must Lupron be injected in, once mixed?
2 hours
What constitutes a tumor flare?
50% rise above baseline level of Testosterone, caused during initial 2-4 weeks of ADT.
What temperature is Lupron stored?
25 degrees celsius.
Why should Trelstar be administered immediated upon reconstituting?
To avoid separation of the suspension
What are Trelstar’s needle gauges and volume?
21 gauge and 2 mL for all doses
Zoladex is administered how and where?
Subcutaneously in the anterior abdomen with aseptic (45 degree) technique.
What are the approved doses of Zoladex and how often are they administered?
3.6mg every 28 days and 10.8mg every 12 weeks
Is Firmagon an agonist, or antagonist? Explain the difference.
Firmagon is an antagonist. An agonist binds to the receptors and overloads it. The negative feedback loop tells the pituitary glad to stop producing. An antagonist binds to primary site and stops production (right at the pituitary gland.)
What is the injection volume for each dose of Firmagon?
Loading dose of 2 3mL, then maintenance dose of 4mL monthlt.
Out of 3 reported AE’s for all products, which is the most common?
Hot flush/flushing
What drug was Firmagon compared to in the active controlled study?
Leuprolide
What type of delivery system is Orgovyx and what’s the dosing?
Oral tablet. Loading dose of 360mg, with a daily maintenance dose of 120mg.
If treatment with Orgovyx is interrupted for 7 days, or more what’s required?
To restart the loading dose of 360mg.
Camcevi is what molecule? How is it administered and dosed?
Camcevi is Leuprolide Mesolate. It’s administered with a 45 degree angle subcutaneous injection in the abdomen. The only approved dose is 42mg for 6 months.
What is Camcevi’s needle gauge, length and volume?
18 gauge needle, 5/8” length with a .50mL
What were the mean testosterone levels for each dose in the Eligard clinical studies?
7.5mg= 6.1ng/mL
22.5mg= 10.1ng/mL
30mg= 12.4ng/mL
45mg= 12.6 ng/mL
