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Drinking Water Distribution > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What term is used when a water utility divides its total operating expenses into the total revenue?

a. ) Debt ratio
b. ) Operating ratio
c. ) Credit ratio
d. ) Coverage ratio

A

b.) Operating ratio

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2
Q

Under the requirements of the Safe Drinking Water Act, it is the duty of the water purveyor to deliver potable water of proper quality only as far as the:

A

Consumer’s tap inside the home

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3
Q

According to the USEPA drinking water regulations, the owner or operator of a public water system which fails to comply with applicable monitoring requirements must give public notice within:

a. ) 45 days of the violation by posting a notice at the town hall
b. ) 1 year of the violation by including a letter with the water bill
c. ) 3 months of the violation in a daily newspaper in the area served by the system
d. ) 1 week of the violation in a letter hand delivered to customers

A

c.) 3 months of the violation in a daily newspaper in the area served by the system

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4
Q

A mixture of air and gas is considered hazardous when the mixture exceeds what percentage of the lower explosive limit (LEL)?

A

10%

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5
Q

Which of the following duties should not be performed by a small system operator?

a. ) Disinfect water mains
b. ) Observe pump motors to detect unusual noises, vibrations, or excessive heat
c. ) Repair and overhaul chlorinators
d. ) Wire pump, compressors and electrical components of the water system

A

d.) Wire pump, compressors and electrical components of the water system

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6
Q

Which form of hypochlorite is the most dangerous to handle?

a. ) Sodium
b. ) Fluoride
c. ) Calcium
d. ) Chlorine

A

Calcium

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7
Q

What type of fire extinguisher should be used for fires with live electricity present?

a. ) Class A
b. ) Class B
c. ) Class C
d. ) Class D

A

c.) Class C

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8
Q

To ensure that the water supplied by a public water system meets federal and state requirements, the water system operator must regularly collect samples and:

A

Send all analysis results to the State periodically

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9
Q

How many coliform samples are required per month for a water system serving a population between 25 and 100?

a. ) 1
b. ) 2
c. ) 3
d. ) 4

A

1

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10
Q

What test method best determines chemical feed/dosage rates?

a. ) Jar
b. ) Turbidity
c. ) Hammer
d. ) Hardness

A

Jar

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11
Q

After a new water mains is installed and pressure tested it should be:

a. ) Flushed with clean water for 24 hours and put into service
b. ) Filled with a solution of 25ppm to 50ppm free chlorine for at least 24 hours prior to flushing
c. ) Filled with clean water and allowed to sit for 5 days at full pressure before turning the water into the system
d. ) Photographed so that mapping can be avoided until the system is complete

A

b.) Filled with a solution of 25ppm to 50ppm free chlorine for at least 24 hours prior to flushing

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12
Q

What chlorine concentration should be produced when disinfecting a well or well pump?

a. ) 25 mg/L
b. ) 50 mg/L
c. ) 75 mg/L
d. ) 100 mg/L

A

b.) 50 mg/L

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13
Q

When disinfecting a new or repaired main, what is the minimum chlorine residual at the extreme end of the main after standing for 24 hours?

a. ) 15 mg/L
b. ) 20 mg/L
c. ) 25 mg/L
d. ) 30 mg/L

A

c.) 25 mg/L

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14
Q

Chlorine will destroy bacteria most rapidly at what pH?

a. ) 7.5
b. ) 8.5
c. ) 9.5
d. ) 10.5

A

7.5

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15
Q

Which of the following pH ranges would deposit a thin film of calcium carbonate on the inside surface of a pipe?

a. ) 2.0-3.0
b. ) 4.0-5.0
c. ) 6.0-7.0
d. ) 8.0-9.0

A

d.) 8.0-9.0

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16
Q

Where should sodium hypochlorite (liquid bleach) be stored?

a. ) Away from flammable objects, as it is a fire hazard
b. ) Away from equipment that is susceptible to corrosion
c. ) In closed containers at room temperature for no longer than 6 months
d. ) Near the chemical feed pump day tank, to lessen operator handling risks

A

b.) Away from equipment that is susceptible to corrosion

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17
Q

The space between the inner or protective casing and the outer casing or drill hole should be filled with cement grout to a minimum of how many feet?

a. ) 10 feet
b. ) 15 feet
c. ) 20 feet
d. ) 35 feet

A

10 feet

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18
Q

Clearwells are used for:

a. ) Treated water
b. ) Pumps and supplies
c. ) High pH water
d. ) Untreated well water

A

a.) Treated water

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19
Q

The four components of a fire hydrant are:

a. ) The inlet pipe connection from water supply, main valve, barrel, and the arm
b. ) The inlet pipe connection from water supply, main valve, barrel, and the head
c. ) The outlet pipe connection to water supply, main valve, barrel, and the head
d. ) the inlet pipe connection from water supply, the trigger, barrel, and the head

A

b.) The inlet pipe connection from water supply, main valve, barrel, and the head

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20
Q

Electrical demand in a wiring system is determined by the amount of:

a. ) Ohms in the entire system
b. ) Voltage a system draws
c. ) Watts consumed
d. ) Water pressure in the system

A

c.) Watts consumed

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21
Q

Chlorine may be added to water in a continuous, slug, and/or the ______ method to initially disinfect a pipeline?

a. ) Segmented
b. ) Tablet
c. ) Low dose
d. ) Air injection

A

Tablet

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22
Q

Wear rings in a centrifugal pump are designed to:

a. ) Prevent excessive internal water circulation between the suction and discharge sides of the pump
b. ) Prevent wear of the impeller and inside case
c. ) Allow excessive internal wear circulation to occur between the suction and discharge
d. ) Both A & B

A

d.) Both A & B

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23
Q

Chlorine gas is considered to be 100% pure, bleach is approximately 5 1/4% pure, while HTH dry powder chlorine is set at ___ % purity.

a. ) 20%
b. ) 45%
c. ) 65%
d. ) 80%

A

c.) 65%

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24
Q

When chlorine gas is added to water the pH goes down due to:

a. ) Chlorine gas producing caustic substances
b. ) Two base materials that form
c. ) Two acids that form
d. ) Caustic soda being formed in the water

A

c.) Two acids that form

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25
Q

The correct protective methods for backflow prevention devices in the order of decreasing effectiveness are:

a. ) Air gap, VB, RPZ, and DCVA
b. ) Air gap, VB, DCVA, and RPZ
c. ) Air gap, RPZ, VB, and DCVA
d. ) Air gap, RPZ, DCVA, and VB

A

d.) Air gap, RPZ, DCVA, and VB

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26
Q

Which is the best and most reliable method for finding a very small chlorine leak?

a. ) Use soap on possible areas of leak and watch for bubbles
b. ) Use a strong ammonia solution on a cloth swab and place it by the suspected leak
c. ) Use methane gas and watch for a dark brown smoke
d. ) Use a chlorine gas detector and place it next to any area suspected of leaking

A

d.) Use a chlorine gas detector and place it next to any area suspected of leaking

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27
Q

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCL) solution is available with _____ available chlorine.

a. ) 2 to 5%
b. ) 5 to 20%
c. ) 25 to 50%
d. ) 50 to 70%

A

c.) 25 to 50%

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28
Q

The volume of a sample for coliform compliance is:

a. ) 100 mL
b. ) 200 mL
c. ) 300 mL
d. ) 0; there is no compliance for coliforms

A

a.) 100 mL

29
Q

Which water quality parameter requires a grab sample?

a. ) pH
b. ) Iron
c. ) Nitrate
d. ) Zinc

A

pH

30
Q

When PVC pipe is stacked loose, it should not be stacked more than how high?

a. ) 2.0 feet
b. ) 3.0 feet
c. ) 5.0 feet
d. ) 7.5 feet

A

b.) 3.0 feet

31
Q

Which is the most common cause for pipe joint failure (leaking) in newly laid pipe?

a. ) The use of a cracked gasket
b. ) Not pushing the spigot end the full distance into the bell
c. ) Not having the joint completely clean
d. ) An incorrect trench bedding angle

A

c.) Not having the joint completely clean

32
Q

Compression fittings used with copper or plastic tubing seal by means of a:

a. ) Beveled sleeve
b. ) Compression ring
c. ) Compressed beveled gasket
d. ) Compressed o-rings located at either end of the fitting’s beveled neck

A

c.) Compressed beveled gasket

33
Q

Thrust from a water surge almost always acts ______ to the inside surface that it pushes against.

a. ) Vertically
b. ) Horizontally
c. ) Perpendicular
d. ) Vertically and horizontally

A

c.) Perpendicular

34
Q

Which device serves the same function as the packing?

a. ) Inline suction gland
b. ) Packing gland
c. ) Mechanical seal
d. ) Lantern seal

A

c.) Mechanical seal

35
Q

Which is used to stop air leakage into the casing around the pump shaft?

a. ) Packing gland
b. ) Lantern ring
c. ) Seals
d. ) Shaft sleeves

A

c.) Seals

36
Q

Which is at the top the stuffing box?

a. ) Packing gland
b. ) Lantern ring
c. ) Mechanical seal
d. ) Seal cage

A

a.) Packing gland

37
Q

Which assembly holds the lantern ring and packing?

a. ) Shaft assembly
b. ) Casing ring assembly
c. ) Packing gland box
d. ) Stuffing box

A

d.) Stuffing box

38
Q

Water hammer can be described as:

a. ) Particle waves
b. ) Acoustic waves
c. ) Rogue waves
d. ) Longitudinal waves

A

b.) Acoustic waves

39
Q

When fully opened, which valve will have the highest head loss?

a. ) Gate valve
b. ) Plug valve
c. ) Globe valve
d. ) Ball valve

A

c.) Globe valve

40
Q

Which type of pressure sensor uses a wire fastened to a diaphragm?

a. ) Bellows sensor
b. ) Strain gauge
c. ) Helical sensor
d. ) Diaphragm element

A

b.) Strain gauge

41
Q

Why is it so important to monitor the speed of a variable speed pump?

a. ) To prevent excessive temperatures from developing
b. ) To prevent vibration from developing
c. ) To prevent speed oscillation from occurring
d. ) To prevent cavitation from occurring

A

d.) To prevent cavitation from occurring

42
Q

Which basic electrical unit is used to measure a material’s opposition to the flow of electricity?

a. ) Ampere
b. ) Ohm
c. ) Volts
d. ) Resistance or impedance

A

b.) Ohm

43
Q

How often should the temperature of centrifugal pump motor bearings be checked with a thermometer?

a. ) Every day
b. ) Once a week
c. ) Twice a month
d. ) Once a month

A

d.) Once a month

44
Q

Which device changes alternating current to direct current by allowing the electric current to flow in one direction but blocking flow in the opposite direction?

a. ) Regulator
b. ) Converter
c. ) Inverter
d. ) Rectifier

A

d.) Rectifier

45
Q

To ease the installation of impeller wear rings, they can be:

a. ) Lubricated with a light oil
b. ) Greased with lithium
c. ) Heated
d. ) Cooled

A

c.) Heated

46
Q

A positive fecal coliform test must be reported to the primary agency within:

a. ) 8 hours
b. ) 12 hours
c. ) 24 hours
d. ) 48 hours

A

c.) 24 hours

47
Q

Which is the approximate angle of repose for average soils when using the sloping method for the prevention of cave-ins? (Note: horizontal to vertical distance, respectively)

a. ) 0.5:1.0
b. ) 1.0:1.0
c. ) 1.5:1.0
d. ) 2.0:1.0

A

b.) 1.0:1.0

48
Q

A system that fails to collect water samples in their distribution system would fall under which public notification requirement?

a. ) Tier I
b. ) Tier II
c. ) Tier III
d. ) Tier IV

A

a.) Tier I

49
Q

Iron can cause “red water” and thus customer complaints when its concentration is above its secondary maximum contaminant level of:

a. ) 0.01 mg/L
b. ) 0.05 mg/L
c. ) 0.10 mg/L
d. ) 0.30 mg/L

A

d.) 0.30 mg/L

50
Q

Which of the following is a type of joint for ductile iron piping?

a. ) Welded joint
b. ) Restrained joint
c. ) Expansion joint
d. ) Rubber gasket joint

A

b.) Restrained joint

51
Q

Which of the following is a type of joint for ductile iron piping?

a. ) Welded joint
b. ) Bell and spigot joint
c. ) Expansion joint
d. ) Flanged joint

A

d.) Flanged joint

52
Q

Minor head losses are caused by:

a. ) Slime growths and corrosion or scaling
b. ) Corrosion and tuberculation
c. ) The type of material and “C” factor
d. ) Sudden changes in direction or velocity of flow

A

d.) Sudden changes in direction or velocity of flow

53
Q

Which is pipe strength expressed in?

a. ) Hydrostatic potential
b. ) Psi and durability
c. ) Tensile and flexural strength
d. ) Baud units

A

c.) Tensile and flexural strength

54
Q

The resistance of a material to longitudinal pulling forces before it breaks is called:

a. ) Flexural strength
b. ) Shear strength
c. ) Ductile strength
d. ) Tensile strength

A

d.) Tensile strength

55
Q

Most water systems use hydrants with two nozzles with diameters of ______ and one nozzle with a diameter of ______.

a. ) 2.0 inches; 3.0 inches
b. ) 2.0 inches; 4.0 inches
c. ) 2.5 inches; 3.5 inches
d. ) 2.5 inches; 4.5 inches

A

d.) 2.5 inches; 4.5 inches

56
Q

Which is a closed fire line?

a. ) Broken fire hydrant or pipeline that feeds a fire hydrant
b. ) Unmetered connection for a fire protection system
c. ) Closed valve to a fire hydrant
d. ) Closed valve to a fire sprinkler system

A

b.) Unmetered connection for a fire protection system

57
Q

Which of the following is a type of joint for steel piping?

a. ) Flexible ball joint
b. ) Restrained joint
c. ) Expansion joint
d. ) Push-on joint

A

c.) Expansion joint

58
Q

Which of the following is a type of joint for steel piping?

a. ) Flexible ball joint
b. ) Rubber gasket joint
c. ) Restrained joint
d. ) Galvanized steel ring

A

c.) Restrained joint

59
Q

Which needs to be determined first when designing a pump station?

a. ) Discharge requirements
b. ) Head requirements
c. ) Power requirements
d. ) Capacity requirements

A

b.) Head requirements

60
Q

What is the height to which siphoned water can be lifted at sea level?

a. ) 22.4 feet
b. ) 32.0 feet
c. ) 33.9 feet
d. ) 34.0 feet

A

c.) 33.9 feet

61
Q

How many times higher than the normal operating pressure should the pressure rating of the distribution system piping be?

a. ) 1.0 to 2.0 times
b. ) 2.5 to 4.0 times
c. ) 4.0 to 5.0 times
d. ) 5.0 to 7.0 times

A

b.) 2.5 to 4.0 times

62
Q

Which of the following types of pipe comes in diameters as large as 168 inches (14 feet)?

a. ) Cast-iron pipe
b. ) Reinforced concrete
c. ) Ductile iron
d. ) Prestressed concrete

A

b.) Reinforced concrete

63
Q

Which type of pipe has the highest normal maximum working pressure?

a. ) Reinforced concrete
b. ) Ductile iron
c. ) Polyvinyl chloride
d. ) High-density polyethylene

A

b.) Ductile iron

64
Q

Which type of pipe has the lowest normal maximum working pressure?

a. ) Reinforced concrete
b. ) Ductile iron
c. ) Polyvinyl chloride
d. ) High-density polyethylene

A

c.) Polyvinyl chloride

65
Q

Which type of pipe requires special external protection in high-chloride soils?

a. ) Reinforced concrete
b. ) Ductile iron
c. ) Steel
d. ) High-density polyethylene

A

a.) Reinforced concrete

66
Q

Which is the proper detention time for disinfecting a water storage tank that is filled with already chlorinated water such that the free chlorine residual is 10 mg/L after the proper detention time is completed?

a. ) 4 hours
b. ) 6 hours
c. ) 8 hours
d. ) 24 hours

A

b.) 6 hours

67
Q

Which is the proper detention time for disinfecting a water storage tank with water that is mixed with hypochlorite already in the tank such that the free chlorine is 10 mg/L after proper detention time is complete?

a. ) 4 hours
b. ) 6 hours
c. ) 12 hours
d. ) 24 hours

A

d.) 24 hours

68
Q

Usually the best disinfectant to use in large-diameter pipes or very long pipelines is:

a. ) Calcium hypochlorite
b. ) Sodium hypochlorite
c. ) Chlorine gas
d. ) Chloramines

A

c.) Chlorine gas

Drinking Water Distribution (9 decks)

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