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Drinking Water Distribution > Distribution System Facilities > Flashcards

Distribution System Facilities Flashcards

1
Q

True or False? The solvent weld on plastic pipe consists of a solvent that causes both pieces of pipe to be cemented together.

A

True

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2
Q

True or false? Any plumbing fixture or faucet below the hydraulic grade line will be exposed to negative pressure.

A

False. Any plumbing fixture or faucet ABOVE the hydraulic grade line

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3
Q

Are large variations in pressure desirable in distribution systems?

A

No

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4
Q

True or false? All air must be removed before pressure testing a pipe

A

True

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5
Q

True or false? Selecting an appropriate type of shoring to support the walls of a trench depends largely on soil conditions in the area.

A

True

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6
Q

True or false? Lack of shoring or shoring failure are the major causes of underground construction deaths.

A

True

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7
Q

How many valves should be used at pipe crosses and how many at tees?

a) 2 valves should be used at pipe crosses and 3 at tees
b) 3 valves should be used at pipe crosses and 2 at tees

A

3 valves should be used at pipe crosses and 2 at tees

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8
Q

True or false? Electronic meters are moderately accurate and head loss is high.

A

False. Electronic meters are HIGHLY accurate and THERE IS NO head loss.

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9
Q

True or false? In the excavation of a trench for water lines, all concrete and asphalt debris from the cut paving must be used to refill the trench

A

False. It must be REMOVED b/c debris CANNOT be used to refill the trench.

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10
Q

Will water flowing in a pipe or conduit gain or lose pressure due to pipe friction loss?

A

Lose

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11
Q

Why should dead-end water mains in distribution systems be avoided?

a. To prevent the development of taste and odors
b. to minimize the number of fire hydrants required in the system
c. to avoid backflow and backsiphonage conditions
d. To create efficient procedures for reading water meters

A

To prevent the development of tastes and odors

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12
Q

What is the main application of gate valves in a water distribution system?

a. To isolate the sections of mains to permit emergency repairs in the system
b. To regulate flow rates in the system
c. To prevent damage from water hammer in the system
d. To control water pressures in the system

A

to isolate sections of mains to permit emergency repairs in the system

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13
Q

Why should excessive water velocities be avoided when filling pipes for pressure and leakage tests?

a. To prevent erosion corrosion of the pipes
b. to prevent cavitation on futons and valves due to flowing water
c. to prevent pipe movements, which could cause leaks
d. To prevent damage from water hammer

A

To prevent pipe movements, which could cause leaks

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14
Q

How is outside of stew pipe usually protected if it is exposed above ground?

a. chemical treatment
b. plastic
c. paint
d. electrical control

A

Paint

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15
Q

What is the primary function of a water meter ?

a. to measure and display the amount of water passing through it
b. to measure and display system pressures
c. to collect information regarding system flows
d. to record electrical usage during peak hours

A

to measure and display the amount of water passing through it

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16
Q

Why should a check valve be provided on the discharge side of each pump?

a. To divert flows to storage facilities
b. to check flows for compliance with quality standards
c. To prevent backflow
d. To meter flows being pumped

A

To prevent backflow

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17
Q

Why are hydraulic shores frequently used?

a. Appropriate for all soil conditions
b. Ease of installation and removal
c. unbeatable strength
d. Can be left in place for long periods of time

A

ease of installation and removal

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18
Q

What problem can occur when air pockets form in pipelines?

a. supersaturated oxygen conditions
b. Excessive pressures in the system
c. Increased resistance to flow or complete stoppages of the water flow
d. Concentrations of toxic gases

A

Increased resistance to flow or complete stoppages of the water flow

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19
Q

Where are reduced pressure (RP) devices installed in the water distribution system?

a. At services where dangerous materials are present or where a backflow situation is likely
b. in Mains between storage tanks and the distribution system
c. in mains between clear wells and storage tanks
d. At services between the main and the consumers premises

A

At services where dangerous materials are present or where a backflow situation is likely

20
Q

What type of water meter is best when water flow fluctuates widely ?

a. Compound meter
b. Venturi meter
c. Orifice plate meter
d. Nutating-disc meter

A

Compound meter

21
Q

What is the service pipe in a distribution system?

a. The pipeline delivering water from the service storage to the main
b. The pipeline serving service stations
c. The pipeline extending from the water main to the building served
d. The pipeline transmitting water from the treatment plant to service storage

A

The pipeline extending from the water main to the building served

22
Q

What is sheeting as used in trench shoring?

a. The solid material used to keep the interior of the pipe clean during installation
b. The solid material used to prevent groundwater infiltration into the trench
c. The solid material placed on the bottom of the trench to soak up groundwater infiltration
d. The solid material placed directly against the sides of the trench

A

The solid material placed directly against the sides of the trench

23
Q

What is bedding as used in pipe installation?

a. The material wrapped around mains to control corrosion
b. The material used under joints to stop leakage
c. The material placed in the bottom of a trench to support the pipe
d. The material used to insulate the pipes to prevent freezing

A

The material placed in the bottom of a trench to support the pipe

24
Q

What is the purpose of backflow prevention valves in the water distribution system?

a. To isolate the system for repairs
b. To provide backup for other system valves
c. To stop the flow of an unapproved and possibly contaminated supply into the domestic water system
d. To prevent the loss of water through leaks

A

To stop the flow of an unapproved and possibly contaminated supply into the domestic water system

25
Q

Under what conditions must trenches less than 4 feet in depth be shored ?

a. When short shoring is available
b. When there is water standing in the bottom of the trench
c. When examination indicates hazardous ground movement may be expected
d. When new operators are working in the trench

A

When examination indicates hazardous ground movement may be expected

26
Q

What safety precautions must be taken during the installation of pipe?

  1. Leaking joints must be repaired or adjusted
  2. Children should be discouraged from playing near the job
  3. Barricades should be put up on the curb side of the trench to limit accidental access by pedestrians
  4. All operators must wear gloves, hard hats, and steel toed shoes
  5. Easily visible construction signs, guards, lighting, and flaggers should be provided where needed for the protection of the public
A
  1. Children should be discouraged from playing near the job
  2. Barricades should be put up on the curb side of the trench to limit accidental access by pedestrians.
  3. All operators must wear gloves, hard hats, and steel-toe shoes
  4. Easily visible construction signs, guards, torches, and flaggers should be provided where needed for the protection of the public
27
Q

How can air get into the water in a distribution system?

  1. Through the electrical power system
  2. Through packing glands
  3. Through pumps
  4. Through leaky joints
  5. Through bubbler-type irrigation systems
A
  1. packing glands
  2. pumps
  3. leaky joints
28
Q

Which types of waste water facilities are often subject to local and state health department guidelines on minimum separation distances from water mains ?

  1. Sanitary sewer lines
  2. Cesspools
  3. Septic tanks
  4. wastewater leach fields
  5. Seepage pits
A
  1. Sanitary sewer lines
  2. cesspools
  3. septic tanks
  4. Wastewater leach fields
  5. Seepage pits
29
Q

Which threats can be kept out of covered reservoirs by covering vents, drains, and overflow outlets with a fine mesh screen?

  1. Vandals
  2. Birds
  3. Small animals
  4. Snakes
  5. Insects
A
  1. Birds
  2. Small animals
  3. Snakes
  4. Insects
30
Q

Why must pipe protection be provided?

  1. To control corrosion
  2. To prevent leakage
  3. To prevent rupture
  4. To prevent collapse
  5. To control flows
A
  1. control corrosion
  2. prevent leakage
  3. prevent rupture
  4. prevent collapse
31
Q

Which items are important considerations when selecting a type of pipe for a specific installation?

  1. Cost of the installation and the pipe
  2. Water pressures and external pressures the pipe must withstand
  3. Corrosive conditions of the soil and water
  4. Record keeping requirements for the pipe material
  5. Administrative costs for pipe testing
A
  1. Cost of the installation and the pipe
  2. Water pressures and external pressures the pipe must withstand
  3. Corrosive conditions of the soil and water
32
Q

Under which conditions are thrust blocks used to anchor pipes and fittings to keep them from moving or being pulled apart?

  1. Change in demand for corrosion control
  2. Change in water quality
  3. Change in direction of the pipe
  4. Sudden stoppage of flow
  5. Sudden increase in velocity
A
  1. Change in direction of the pipe
  2. Sudden stoppage of flow
  3. Sudden increase in velocity
33
Q

What could be the source of supply for a water distribution system?

  1. Well
  2. Treatment plant clear well
  3. Lakes
  4. Rivers
  5. Purchased water connection
A
  1. Well
  2. Treatment plant clear well
  3. Purchased water connection
34
Q

What benefits can distribution storage provide?

  1. Chlorinated water may be held in covered distribution reservoirs to provide an extended contact time for effective disinfection
  2. Power costs can be reduced by pumping only during off peak hours
  3. Reservoirs may serve as sand traps to allow the settling of sand and suspended solids in the water
  4. Water from various sources can be blended together in the reservoir to provide water of consistent and acceptable quality to the consumers
  5. Uncovered reservoirs increase protection against surface contamination
A
  1. Chlorinated water may be held in covered distribution reservoirs to provide extended contact time for effective disinfection.
  2. Power costs can be reduced by pumping only during off-peak hours.
  3. Reservoirs may serve as sand traps to allow settling of sand and suspended solids in water.
  4. Water from various sources can be blended together in reservoir to provide water of consistent and acceptable quality to consumers.
35
Q

What are the disadvantages of concrete pipe ?

  1. Is durable
  2. Is heavy
  3. May be hard to tap
  4. May deteriorate in aggressive (corrosive) soils
  5. Needs special fittings
A
  1. Is heavy
  2. May be hard to tap
  3. May deteriorate in aggressive (corrosive) soils
  4. Needs special fittings
36
Q

What kinds of existing and predictable hazards may be identified during inspections by a competent person at excavations and the adjacent areas ?

  1. Protective system failures
  2. Hazardous conditions such as hazardous wastes
  3. Potential cave-ins
  4. Hazardous atmosphere
  5. Investigative reporters
A
  1. Protective system failures
  2. Hazardous conditions such as hazardous wastes
  3. Potential cave-ins
  4. Hazardous atmospheres
37
Q

Which items should be considered when selecting a water meter?

  1. Availability of spare parts
  2. Ability to meet required capacity with minimum head loss
  3. Durability
  4. Ability to accurately measure and register anticipated flow levels
  5. Ease of repair
A
  1. Availability of spare parts
  2. ability to meet required capacity with minimum head loss
  3. Durability
  4. Ability to accurately measure and register anticipated flow levels
  5. Ease of repair
38
Q

Which topics are typically included in shoring regulations?

  1. Access to construction work area
  2. Soil conditions and trench location
  3. Sloping excavation walls
  4. Operator safety
  5. Pedestrian safety
A
  1. Access to construction work area
  2. Soil conditions and trench location
  3. Sloping excavation walls
  4. Operator safety
  5. Pedestrian safety
39
Q

What are the various types of pipe fittings used for in distribution systems?

  1. Tap the line for pipe extensions
  2. change flow direction
  3. Stop flow
  4. Reduce the pipe size
  5. Connect pipes of different sizes
A
  1. Tap the line for pipe extensions
  2. change flow direction
  3. stop flow
  4. reduce the pipe size
  5. connect pipes of different sizes
40
Q

What are the limitations of compound water meters?

  1. Not suited for locations with widely varying flows where accurate low flow measurements is needed
  2. Large and cumbersome
  3. Expensive
  4. Accuracy drops during the changeover from low to high and high to low flows
  5. Loss of head from friction is higher than in high flow meters
A
  1. Large and cumbersome
  2. Expensive
  3. Accuracy drops during the changeover from low to high and high to low flows
  4. Loss of head from friction is higher than in high-flow meters
41
Q

What are the basic requirements of pipes for water distribution systems?

  1. Maximum corrosion resistance
  2. Support of bio films
  3. Durability
  4. No adverse effect on water quality
  5. Adequate strength
A
  1. maximum corrosion resistance
  2. durability
  3. no adverse effect on water quality
  4. adequate strength
42
Q

Which strategic points in a distribution system are water meter locations?

  1. Reservoirs outlets
  2. Pumping stations
  3. Connections to other utility systems
  4. Each customers service
  5. Main supply lines
A
  1. reservoir outlets
  2. pumping stations
  3. connections to other utility systems
  4. each customer’s service
  5. main supply lines
43
Q

What causes water hammer in a pipeline?

  1. Turning pumps on or off
  2. Pounding to hard on a pipe with a hammer
  3. Stagnant or slowly flowing water in the pipeline
  4. Operating valve too rapidly
  5. Too much air in surge chamber
A
  1. Turning pumps on or off

4. Operating valves too rapidly

44
Q

What are the purposes of valves in a distribution system?

  1. Prevent backflow
  2. Provide air release and vacuum relief
  3. Reduce pressure
  4. Regulate the flow of water
  5. Blow off or drain water from parts of the system
A
  1. prevent backflow
  2. provide air release and vacuum relief
  3. reduce pressure
  4. regulate flow of water
  5. blow off or drain water from parts of the system
45
Q

Which factors influence the need for shoring and shoring requirements ?

  1. Nearby activities that could cause vibrations
  2. Depth of the trench
  3. Soil conditions
  4. Type of soil
  5. Width of the trench
A
  1. nearby activities that could cause vibrations
  2. depth of the trench
  3. soil conditions
  4. type of soil
  5. width of the trench

Drinking Water Distribution (9 decks)

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