Exam 10 Flashcards
know what a three dimenstional fire is?
situation where the burning fuel is dripping, spraying , or flowing over the edges of a container
how do we perform a combination attack?
it is performed in two stages, beginning with an indirect attack, and continue with a direct attack
what is the difference between a transitional attack and a direct attack
a direct attack is applying an extinguishing agent directly onto a burning surface and transitional is a brief exterior indirect attack to cool the compartment, then pushing into the structure for a direct attack
what is it called when you add foam concentrate to the apparatus tank?
Batch Mix
what is the advantage to dry foam vs wet foam
dry foam has longer drain times and produces more bubbles
what type of vehicle needs to have a rollover protection system
convertibles. RPS bars can extend up to 20 inches
what is a windshield constructed of
laminated glass
when do rescuers remove the valve stem from tires?
once the step chocks are in place, the tires can be deflated by pulling the valve stems to create a stable vehicle
what is a body over frame construction
consist of two large beams tied together by cross member beams. the beams create a load bearing frame for the vehicle
when you displace a dash, where do you make your relief cut
on the a-post
know what constitutes a class 1, 2, 3 harness for rescuers
class 2 harness fasten around rescuers waist and legs and has a rating of 600 pounds, class 3 harness fastens around rescuers waist and shoulders as well as secures shoulders (full body) and is used when being lowered by a life safety rope
when should someone wear a flotation device during water rescue
should be worn by everyone at all times if operating on the scene
what is the failure acronym, what is it used for
failure to understand the environment
additional medical problems
inadequate rescue skills
lack of teamwork or experiance
understanding the logistics of the incident
rescue versus recovery mode not considered
equipment not mastered
know what an FDC connection is, and an OS&Y, what they’re used for
FDC-Fire Department connection, Allows the department’s engine to pump water into the sprinkler system as either a supplement or the main source of water
OS&Y-Outside Screw and yoke valve-A sprinkler control valve with a valve stem that moves in and out as the valve is opened or closed
what is a nuisance alarm
an activation of a fire alarm that is not the result of a potentially hazardous condition
how often do we replace smoke detectors
every 10 years
what is a post indicator valve
a sprinkler control valve that is mounted on the outside wall of a building
where are fire codes applied
apply to all building, new or old, and to many different situations related to fire risks and hazardous conditions
when do we use horizontal evacuation
when vertical evacuation is hindered, horizontal evacuation moves patients to a safer area of the hazard floor
Class A foams are formulated to be mixed with water in ratios from _____
0.1 to 1.0
Class B foam is used for which type of fire?
Flammable liquids
How is foam proportioned in most portable extinguishers?
Premixing
Medium expansion foam max ratio of ___ to 1
200
To batch mix 3% foam into a 500 gallon booster tank, you would need to add ____ of foam concentrate to the tank.
15
Which is a benefit of class A foam?
Reduces the surface tension of water
What is the advantage of compressed air foam?
Adheres to most surfaces
Attribute of a wet class A foam?
Improved fuel penetrating properties
Which type of foam is made from animal by products?
Protein
Which type of foam proportioner relies on the venturi effect?
Eductor.
During extrication for a driver in a frontal MVA, which action should be considered a last resort?
Displace the seat with a powered hydraulic tool
How are most windshields affixed in place?
Glue
What is laminated glass?
A thin layer of plastic sandwiched between two layers of glass
What must occur before the ram and high lift jack can be removed in a dash displacement?
The sill must be cribbed to hold it in position
When doing a dash displacement, which tool is used to push the dash forward?
Hydraulic ram
Where should rescuers begin their cuts on a windshield
Top center
Which action should be taken first in a dash displacement?
Remove the front doors
Which action should be taken if a vehicle has an undeployed airbag following an MVA?
Disconnect the battery
Which item is commonly used to stabilize a vehicle’s suspension system?
Step chocks
Which type of glass is the rear window of a vehicle
Tempered
Equipment is staged in the ____ zone.
Cold
How does exposure to natural gas affect the body?
Natural gas acts as an asphyxiant
In which control zone is decontamination performed?
Warm zone
In which step of the technical rescue incident process are victims freed from entrapment?
Disentanglement
What is the area that surrounds the incident site and whose size is proportional to the hazards that exist?
Rescue area
Which is a correct statement about tool staging at a TRI?
Needed tools may be identified during the size up process
Which is an awareness level technical rescue skill?
Recognize hazards
Which is the most common method of demarcating the control zones for an emergency incident site?
Barrier tape
Which method should rescuers use to detect the presence of a dangerous atmosphere?
Atmospheric monitoring
Which step in the technical rescue incident process follows removal of a victim?
Transport
In a preaction sprinkler system, what must happen before water will flow?
An alarm initiating device must be activated
Where is the main sprinkler system valve usually installed?
On the main riser, above the water supply control valve
Which class of standpipe is intended for fire department use only?
I
Which is a distinguishing feature of old style sprinkler heads?
The discharge pattern directs some water onto the ceiling
Which is a function of a sprinkler head?
Activate the fire alarm system
Which is a typical temperature rating for a sprinkler head in a light hazard occupancy such as an office building
165 F
Which is the preferred water source for a sprinkler system?
A municipal water system
Which sprinkler head mechanism uses a liquid filled glass capsule to hold the cap in place?
Frangible bulb
Which type of facility monitors alarm systems located at multiple facilities?
Central station
Private residences, which room category includes formal living rooms, family rooms, and entertainment rooms?
Living rooms
What percentage of residential fires are caused by cooking?
47
Which agency develops model building codes?
International code council
Which agency develops model fire codes?
NFPA
Which is the correct principle of residential fire safety?
Discuss primary and secondary exit routes from every room with the occupant
Which is an acceptable storage area for gasoline and other flammable liquids at a residence?
Outbuilding
Which is one of the 16 Firefighter life safety initiatives?
Develop and implement medical and physical fitness standards
Which is one of the 16 FireFighter life safety Initiatives?
Utilize available technology whatever it can produce higher levels of health and safety
What is the main objective of a home fire safety survey?
Prevent fires and reduce injuries and deaths
Which type of fire extinguisher should be located in the kitchen?
ABC
Ideally when should overhaul begin?
After the fire investigator has examined the scene
The scientific method recommended by the NFPA for determining cause and origin consists of ____ steps.
7
Where does the fire investigator process usually begin?
Exterior
Which is the fourth step in NFPAs scientific method for determining cause and origin?
Analyze the data
Which kind of evidence includes facts that can be observed or reported firsthand?
Direct
Which kind of evidence is used to validate a theory or show how something could have occurred?
Demonstrative
Which NFPA standard establishes job performance requirements for fire investigators?
1033
Which pattern of char on a wall suggests that the fire spread upward from the base?
V
Which term means the process of carefully looking for evidence in the debris following a fire?
Digging out
Which term refers to all of the information gathered and used by an investigator in determining the cause of a fire?
Evidence
How do you disable a vehicle airbag?
Before making any cuts, use a small prying tool to remove interior trim and look for hidden canisters, pistons, or hidden wires.
Rescuers should remove the trim around the vehicles doors and post to identify the presence of these SRS components (890)
What percentage of confined space deaths are from initial rescuers?.
60% (934)
What are the steps to a technical rescue incident in order?.
Preparation
Response
Arrival and size up
Stabilization
Access
Disentanglement
Removal
Transport
Security of the scene and preparation for the next call
Post Incident analysis (923)
What are the steps to a trench rescue operation in order?.
SIze-up( Approaching may cause wall collapse)
Stage tools
Stabilize incident( Fans for airflow, lights for visibility, prevent trench from collapsing further
Gain access to the victim( dirt pile may be in the way)
Disentanglement( dig victim out)
Removal( package and pull them out)
Transport
Secure scene( fill in hole)
Post incident analysis( evaluate work)(924-927)
What type of alarm occurs for improper installation of a system?.
Nuisance alarm (966)
Know the sprinkler head mounting positions. All of them..
Upright, pendent, sidewall (974)
What is the purpose of fire prevention?.
To prevent injury, loss of life, and loss of property
What common topics are covered in public fire safety education?.
Stop, Drop, and Roll
E.D.I.T.H.
Installation and maintenance of smoke alarms
Advantages of residential fire sprinklers
Selection and use of portable fire extinguishers (1002)
Know construction types, and what combustible wood may be used..
Type I - Fire resistive
Type II - Noncombustible
Type III - Ordinary
Type IV -Heavy timber
Type V - Wood Frame (1019)
Know physical, demonstrative, and documentary evidence
Physical - items that can be observed, photographed, measured, collected, examined in a lab
Demonstrative - anything that can be used to validate a theory or show how something could have occurred
Documentary - any type of written document, record, report, or other important facts about the investigation (1046)
What is an accidental fire? Examples.
A fire that occurs as a result of human action or inaction that does not involve malicious intent. (Ex: forgetting a pan of grease on the burner, refueling a hot lawn mower)(Ch.28, Pg.1045)
When do you determine probable cause?
The final step in fire causes determination. Must have 50% or more level of certainty. (Ch.28, Pg. 1041)
What is direct evidence?
Includes facts that can be observed or reported firsthand (1047)
What is needed to return to a scene after you leave, when custody is returned to the homeowner?
Search warrant or written consent (1041)
When do we conduct a fire investigation?
It depends on the department
investigations are performed every time there’s a working fire.
If the fire burns past a predetermined level
Every fire that has a death or injury resulting from the fire (ch 28 pg 1039)
What do the layers of debris from a fire tell you, what can they determine?
Determine the sequence in which items burned, whether an item burned from the top down or from the bottom up, and how long it burned (1045
Point of origin and flow path tell you what about the fire.
How it started and how it spread. ( ch 28 pg 1041)
