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Fire Basic > CH 13,14,15 exam > Flashcards

CH 13,14,15 exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is a parapet wall?

A

a parapet can be an extension of a firewall, a division wall between two buildings or a decorative extension of an exterior wall

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2
Q

What is mechanical ventilation?

A

A process of removing heat, smoke, and gasses from a fire area by using an exhaust fans, blowers, air- conditioning systems, or smoke ejectors.

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3
Q

What happens when you apply water streams into a structure

A

Absorbs some of the heat produced by the fire and can help to remove more energy than the fire is creating

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4
Q

What is the 7, 9, 8 ventilation cut best suited for?

A

This cut is an effective ventilation method for use on large commercial buildings with flat roofs

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5
Q

In ordinary construction, what are exterior walls made of?

A

Exterior walls are made of noncombustible or limited combustible materials that support the roof and floor assemblies.

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6
Q

What happens when you apply negative pressure?

A

draw heat, smoke, and fire gasses out of the building

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7
Q

Where should a ladder be placed when breaking a window for ventilation?

A

Upwind side of the window, tip should be even with the top third of the window

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8
Q

What’s the minimum measurement for ventilation when cutting an opening?

A

4 foot by 4 foot

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9
Q

What should be in place prior to ventilation?

A

Two routes of egress, two safe exit routes

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10
Q

What is positive pressure ventilation least suitable for?

A

This kind of system will not work effectively if the building is not intact

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11
Q

What should be avoided when performing horizontal natural ventilation?

A

Opening a window on the upwind side first could push the fire into the uninvolved areas of the structure.

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12
Q

Which condition could cause smoke to stratify in a large building?

A

Sprinkler system activation

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13
Q

What is the stack effect?

A

The vertical air flow within buildings caused by the temperature- created density differences between the building interior and exterior or between two interior spaces.

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14
Q

What is a concern or hazard in a basement fire?

A

Fires originating in the basement will quickly involve the floor system. This results in a failure of the floor over the fire and early collapse.

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15
Q

What does sounding the roof mean?

A

To locate the structural supports before starting to cut.

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16
Q

What is an indication of slow moving smoke?

A

The smoke is cooler

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17
Q

How should you vent a basement?

A

Ventilate through exterior windows or doors.

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18
Q

What is plywood sheeting?

A

Used for roof decking

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19
Q

What is a smoke ejector?

A

A mechanical device similar to a large fan, used to force heat, smoke, and gasses out of a fire and draw in fresh air

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20
Q

What is horizontal ventilation?

A

Uses horizontal openings in a structure, such as windows and doors, and can be employed in many situations, particularly in small fires

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20
Q

What is a flashover?

A

The transition from a fire that is growing by igniting one type of fuel to another to a fire where all of the exposed surfaces have ignited

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20
Q

What is a jet siphon?

A

Assists in keeping the water level at the maximum capacity in the tank closest to the pumper

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21
Q

What is the trench cut?

A

A large opening ahead of the fire, removing a section of fuel and letting heated smoke and gases flow out of the building

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22
Q

What is the minimum distance between the center of a fire hydrant outlet, and the ground?

A

Minimum of 18in from the center of a hose outlet to the finished grade

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23
Q

What is another term for head pressure?

A

Elevation pressure

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24
Q

How is friction loss proportionate to a length of hose?

A

Any combination of flow and diameter longer the hose the more friction loss occurs

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25
Q

What is a grid system?

A

For water mains, it provides water flow to a fire hydrant from two or more directions and establishes multiple paths from the source to each area.

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26
Q

What is a tender?

A

A truck mounted mobile water supply apparatus

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27
Q

How is a wet barrel hydrant constructed?

A

Has separate valves to control the flow of water to each outlet

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28
Q

What is static pressure?

A

The amount of pressure in a system when the water is not moving. (potential energy)

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28
Q

How many gpm can a portable pump deliver?

A

Portable pumps can deliver as much as 500 gpm

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29
Q

How is the flow or quantity measured?

A

Volume

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30
Q

What is the flow of water?

A

Quantity of water flowing through a pipe, hose, or nozzle, measured in volume, usually gallons per minute

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31
Q

What does a hard suction hose do?

A

Hard rigid hose used to draft water from a static source.

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32
Q

What should be done to avoid a water hammer?

A

Always open and close fire hydrants valves slowly

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33
Q

Where are dump valves located?

A

Large opening from the water tank of a mobile water supply apparatus for unloading purposes

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34
Q

Where is the main valve located in a dry barrel hydrant?

A

Located at the base, several feet underground below the frost line

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35
Q

What are the 4 factors that determine friction loss?

A
  1. diameter of hose 2. valves or hose appliances 3. the volume of water traveling through the hose 4. the distance the water travels
36
Q

When do you use a dump valve?

A

When unloading a mobile water supply apparatus

37
Q

Know the color coding system and gpm for hydrants.

A

Class C 0-499 RED
Class B 500-999 ORANGE
Class A 1,000-1,499 GREEN
Class AA 1,500-up LIGHT BLUE

38
Q

What is a secondary feeder?

A

(branch lines) distribute water to a smaller area

39
Q

What is residual pressure?

A

The amount of pressure that remains in the system when water is flowing

40
Q

What does the amount of energy in water mean?

A

Potential or kinetic energy

40
Q

What is hydraulics?

A

Deals with the properties of energy, pressure, and water flow as related to fire suppression

41
Q

What is elevation pressure?

A

The difference in height between the water in the tank and the underground delivery pipes.

42
Q

How do you calculate how much a hose weighs when it’s charged?

A
43
Q

What is a soft sleeve hose used for?

A

Allows as much water to flow from the suction side to the fire pump as possible.

44
Q

What’s the difference between fog nozzles and smooth bore nozzles?

A

Smooth Bore nozzles - Produce a solid stream or column of water
Fog Stream nozzles- can be adjusted to produce a straight stream or to separate the water into droplets for fog streams

45
Q

What happens to hoses during annual testing?

A

The hose is inspected and sorted based on service test pressures required by NFPA Standards. 200 psi for supply and 300 for attack lines.

46
Q

What are the flows and gpms of attack hoses?

A

120- 180 GPM

47
Q

What is the difference between a doughnut hose roll and a straight hose roll?

A

Donut - Both couplings are on the outside of the roll
Straight - male coupling on inside roll, female on outside roll

47
Q

What is a booster hose?

A

1-Inch in diameter usually carried on a hose reel that carries 150 ft or 200 ft of hard rubber hose. Can be operated easily by one person but has limited flow.

48
Q

What is considered a large diameter hose?

A

3 ½ inches or more.

49
Q

What are the flows for a handline, master stream, and smooth bore?

A

Master stream: 350 - 1500 GPM
Handline: 60 - 350 GPM
Smooth bore: 50 PSI

50
Q

What does coupling mean?

A

Used to connect or couple individual hose lines.

51
Q

Why is a water thief different from a wye?

A

A water thief has an outlet for a 2.5in line

51
Q

What is the nozzle pressure for a fog nozzle?

A

100 psi

52
Q

What is a siamese appliance?

A

Combines two or more hose lines into one.

52
Q

How should you clean a dirty fire hose?

A

Cool water, mild detergent, and a soft brush.

53
Q

What hose diameter can be used in both a supply line and an attack line?

A

The 2 ½ hose can be used as either attack hose or supply hose.

54
Q

How do you use a hose clamp?

A

Used to temporarily stop the flow of water in a hose line.

55
Q

What are the advantages of a smooth bore nozzle?

A

They operate at a lower pressure and have more reach.

56
Q

What are the advantages of an automatic adjusting fog nozzle?

A

Can deliver a wide range of flows.

57
Q

Which attack line is appropriate for a dumpster fire?

A

Booster hose

58
Q

According to tests conducted by UL, in order for ventilation to improve interior conditions, what must occur?

A

Ventilation must be coordinated with the application of water as close to the fire as possible

59
Q

How can recirculation be eliminated during smoke ejection?

A

Completely block the opening around the fan

60
Q

What is the greatest risk to firefighters performing vertical ventilation?

A

Roof collapse

61
Q

Where is water directed during hydraulic ventilation?

A

Out a window or door

62
Q

What is the disadvantage of positive pressure fans?

A

They can spread fire if used improperly

63
Q

Which problem can be caused by using doorways as ventilation openings?

A

It compromises personnel entry and exit

64
Q

Which item greatly increases risk during vertical ventilation operations?

A

Lightweight construction components

65
Q

Which statement about the operation of HVAC equipment during fire ventilation operations is correct?

A

Some HVAC systems can be used for clearing smoke

66
Q

Which structural component is composed of relatively small and lightweight components arranged in a series of triangles?

A

Truss

67
Q

Which type of building is the most prone to the stack effect?

A

High rise

68
Q

A dry hydrant provides access to a _____.

A

Static water source

69
Q

An object in motion possesses which kind of energy as a result of that motion?

A

Kinetic

70
Q

Firefighters may need to hold on to the ____ while filling a self expanding portable tank.

A

Collar

71
Q

How close must a fire engine get to a static water source to be able to draft directly from it through a hard suction hose?

A

20 ft(6m)

72
Q

How many gallons per minute can a tanker shuttle operation deliver without interruption?

A

Several hundred

73
Q

In general, mobile water supply apparatus (tankers) carry _____ of water.

A

1000 - 3500 gal (3785 to 13,249 L)

74
Q

Pressure in a water distribution system during average consumption is _____ pressure.

A

Normal operating

75
Q

What is the maximum capacity of typical portable water tanks?

A

5000 gal (18,927 L)

76
Q

What is the realistic minimum usable residual pressure from a water distribution system for firefighting operations?

A

20psi (138 kPa)

77
Q

When water is motionless, which kind of energy does it have?

A

Potential

78
Q

The NFPA recommends that a pumper carry a minimum of ____ of supply hose.

A

800 ft (242 m)

79
Q

The two firefighter stiff arm method is used to:

A

Uncouple hose

80
Q

Which coupling goes on the inside of a straight hose roll?

A

Male

81
Q

Which device splits one hose stream into two hose streams?

A

Wye

82
Q

Which is a function of a hose liner?

A

Reduce friction loss

83
Q

Which is the best description of a hose jacket device?

A

Split metal cylinder

84
Q

Which is the correct tool to tighten a hard suction hose connection?

A

Rubber mallet

85
Q

Which is used to carry a self locking twin doughnut hose roll?

A

A loop of hose

86
Q

Which type of valve is opened or closed by rotating a handle a quarter turn?

A

Butterfly

87
Q

Which type of wrench is used to tighten and loosen couplings?

A

Spanner

Fire Basic (14 decks)

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