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ANEQ 551 > Exam 1: Zoonotic Diseases > Flashcards

Exam 1: Zoonotic Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What diseases are transmitted through aerosol transmission?

A
  • Anthrax
  • Q fever
  • Listeriosis
  • Tuberculosis (through droplets)
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2
Q

What diseases are transmitted through direct contact?

A
  • Anthrax
  • Brucellosis
  • Leptospirosis
  • Q Fever
  • Rabies
  • Salmonella
  • Tuberculosis
  • Vesicular stomatitis
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3
Q

What diseases are transmitted through fomite transmission?

A
  • Dermatophilosis
  • Pseudocowpox
  • Ringworm
  • E. coli
  • Leptospirosis
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4
Q

What diseases are transmitted through oral transmission?

A
  • Anthrax
  • Brucellosis
  • Cryptosporidiosis
  • Giardia
  • Listeriosis
  • Q Fever
  • Tuberculosis
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5
Q

What diseases are transmitted through vectors?

A
  • Anthrax (Flies)
  • Q Fever (Ticks)
  • West Nile (Mosquitoes)
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6
Q

How is Anthrax transmitted?

A
  • Aerosol, Direct, Oral, Vectors (flies)
  • Contracted from a bacteria (Bacillus anthracis)
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7
Q

How is Q Fever transmitted?

A
  • Aerosol, Direct, Oral, Vector (ticks)
  • Contracted from a bacteria (Coxiella burnetii)

Inhalation is the primary way this disease is contracted

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8
Q

How is Listeriosis transmitted?

A
  • Aerosol and Oral
  • Contracted from a bacteria (Listeriosis mnocytogenes)
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9
Q

How is Tuberculosis transmitted?

A
  • Aerosol, Direct, Oral
  • Contracted from a bacteria (Mycobacterium bovis)
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10
Q

How is Brucellosis transmitted?

A
  • Aerosol, Direct, Oral
  • Contracted from a bacteria (Brucella abortus)
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11
Q

How is Leptospirosis transmitted?

A
  • Aerosol, Direct, Oral
  • Contracted from a bacteria (Leptospira)
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12
Q

How is rabies tranmitted?

A
  • Direct
  • Contracted from a virus
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13
Q

How is Salmonella transmitted?

A
  • Direct and Oral
  • Contracted from a bacteria (Salmonella)
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14
Q

How is Vesicular Stomatitis transmitted?

A
  • Direct
  • Contracted from a virus
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15
Q

How is Dermatophilosis transmitted?

A
  • Direct and Fomite
  • Contracted from a bacteria (Dermatophilus congolensis)
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16
Q

How is pseudocowpox transmitted?

A
  • Direct and Fomite
  • Contracted from a virus
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17
Q

How is Ringworm transmitted?

A
  • Direct and Fomite
  • Contracted from fungus (dermatophyte)
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18
Q

How is E. coli transmitted?

A
  • Oral
  • Contracted from a bacteria (Escherichia coli)
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19
Q

How is Cryptosporidiosis transmitted?

A
  • Aerosol and Oral
  • Contracted from a protozoa (Cryptosporidium parvum)
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20
Q

How is Giardia (Giardiasis) transmitted?

A
  • Oral
  • Contracted from a protozoa (Giardia intestinalis)
21
Q

What does Anthrax look like in people?

A

Presence of skin lesions

22
Q

What does Brucellosis look like in people?

A

Headache, weakness, joint pain (can’t move), depression, weight loss, fatigue (fine one day, stuck in bed for a week), liver problems (destroys the liver).

Lasts forever

23
Q

What does Brucellosis look like in cattle?

A

Third trimester abortions, birth of dead/weak calves, retained placenta, low milk yield, temporary sterility

24
Q

What does Cryptosporidiosis look like in cattle?

A
  • Scours in calves (less than 3 weeks old)
  • Late spring/ early fall
25
Q

What does Cryptosporidiosis look like in people?

A

Profuse & watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, usually self-limiting, severe in people with weak immune systems (old, young, immnocompromised)

26
Q

What does Dermatophilosis look like in cattle?

A
  • Break-down of skin
    Seen in animals with prolonged exposure to wet environments
  • Scabs, crust

Known as paintbrush disease

27
Q

What does Dermatophilosis look like in people?

A
  • Pustules on hands, arms
  • Sores, ulcers
  • Scars can form
28
Q

What does E. coli look like in cattle

0157:H7

A

No signs of illness

Bacteria shed in feces

29
Q

What does E. coli look like in people?

A
  • Bloody diarrhea, severe abdominal pain
  • Attacks/destoys the kineys –> kidne failure
30
Q

What does Giardiasis look like in cattle?

A
  • Adults: Usually don’t show signs of illness
  • Calves: Scours > 4 weeks
31
Q

What does Giadiasis look like in people?

A
  • May not be sick
  • Diarrhea, intestinal gas, stomach cramps, nausea
  • Usually self-limiting
32
Q

What does Leptospirosis look like in cattle?

A

Adult Cattle:
* Abortions
* Decreased fertility
* Decreased milk yield
* Retained placenta
* Jaundice

Calves:
* Fever
* Refusal to eat
* Reddened eyes
* Diarrhea
* Jaundice
* Death

33
Q

What does Leptospirosis look like in people?

A
  • Flu-like signs: Fever, body aches, headache
  • Weakness, vomiting, mental confusion
  • Jaundice, stiff neck
  • Live, kidney or central nervous system damage
34
Q

What does Listeriosis look like in cattle?

A
  • Facial paralysis, drooling
  • Lack of coordination
  • Circling, head pressing
  • Abortions, stillbirths
  • Death
35
Q

What does Listeriosis look like in people

A

Pregnant women:
* Death of the fetus

Newborns, elderly, weak immun system:
* Infection of the blood stream
* brain inflammation

36
Q

What does Pseudocowpox look like in cattle?

A
  • Small, red, raised sores on teats/udder
  • Forms vesicles, scabs, nodules
  • Sore may form a “ring” or “horseshoe”

  • Spreads slowly, whole herd affected
  • Reinfection is common
37
Q

What does Pseudocowpox look like in people?

A
  • “Milker’s nodules”
  • Small, red, raised, flat-topped spots
  • Sores become firm nodules
  • Heals without scars
38
Q

What does Q Fever look like in cattle and sheep?

A
  • Most do not show any signs
  • May cause abortions

Sheep and cattle tend to be carriers

39
Q

What does Q Fever look like in people?

A
  • Sudden onset: Flu-like, pneumonia, liver disease
  • Long-term: Heart complications, bone inflammation
  • Pregnant women: Premature delivery, death of the fetus
40
Q

What does Rabies look like in cattle?

A
  • Unexplained paralysis
  • Anorexia
  • Nervous, irritable, hyperexcitable, unsteady
  • May be aggressive
  • Abnormal bellowing
  • Death within 7-10 days
41
Q

What does Rabies look like in people?

A
  • Fever, headache
  • Itching at bite site
  • Confusion, abnormal behavior
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Death within 2-10 days of signs
42
Q

What does ringworm look like in cattle?

A
  • Areas of hair loss, scaling, crusts
  • “Ringworm” lesion
  • May or may not be itchy
  • Small area to whole body involvement
43
Q

What does Ringworm look like in people?

A
  • “Ringworm” lesion
  • Itchy
  • Takes 1-2 weeks to appear
44
Q

What does Salmonellosis look like in cattle?

A

Adult Cattle:
* Profuse diarrhea
* Anorexia
* Decreased milk production
* Weight loss
* Abortion

Calves:
* Scours
* Joint infections
* Gangrene of feet, tips of ears, tail

45
Q

What does Salmonellosis look like in people?

A
  • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
  • Cramping, abdominal pain
  • Headache, fever, chills
46
Q

What does Tuberculosis look like in cattle

A
  • Slow progressing disease
  • Early stage: Asymptomatic
  • **Late stage: ** Weight loss, anorexia, cough, difficulty breathing
47
Q

What does Tuberculosis look like in people?

A
  • May not be sick initially
  • Disease of the lungs: Fever, cought, chest pain
  • Disease can spread: Kidney, spine and brain
48
Q

What does Vesicular Stomatitis look like in cattle?

A
  • Vesicles: Oral, mammary gland, coronary band, interdigital region
  • Salivation, lameness

Vesicles isolated to one area of body: mouth or feet

49
Q

What does Vesicular Stomatitis look like in people?

A
  • Flu-like symptoms: Headache, fever, pain behind the eyes, malaise, nausea, limb and back pain, oral vesicles (rare)

ANEQ 551 (7 decks)

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