Exam 1: Synergies (Lab) Flashcards
What is a synergy?
Abnormal, stereotypical patterns of movement which emerge following a neurological insult
What is the dominant synergy?
UE flexion and LE extension
What is the non-dominant synergy?
UE extension and LE flexion
What are the components of UE flexion synergy?
Scapular retraction, elevation
Shoulder abduction, external rotation
Elbow flexion
Forearm supination
Wrist flexion
Finger flexion
What is the strongest component of UE flexion synergy?
Elbow flexion
What are the components of UE extension synergy?
Scapular protraction
Shoulder adduction, internal rotation
Elbow extension
Forearm pronation
Wrist flexion
Finger flexion
What is the strongest component of UE extension synergy?
Shoulder adduction and forearm pronation
What are the components of LE flexion synergy?
Hip flexion, abduction, external rotation
Knee flexion
Ankle dorsiflexion, inversion
Toe dorsiflexion
What is the strongest component of LE flexion synergy?
Hip flexion
What are the components of LE extension synergy?
Hip extension, adduction, internal rotation
Knee extension
Ankle plantarflexion, inversion
Toe plantarflexion
What is the strongest component of LE extension synergy?
Hip adduction, knee extension, ankle plantarflexion
What is Brunnstrom’s Stage 1?
Period of flaccidity, no movement of limbs can be elicited
What is Brunnstrom’s Stage 2?
Some facilitated movement, minimal voluntary movement responses, spasticity begins to develop particularly in muscles of the dominant synergy
What is Brunnstrom’s Stage 3?
Both flexion and extension synergies present and elicited voluntary active movement occurs within synergy, spasticity peaks
What is Brunnstrom’s Stage 4?
Some movement combinations that do not follow the path of basic synergies are mastered, spasticity begins to decline
