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Psychology 1100 > Exam 1 Study > Flashcards

Exam 1 Study Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of psychology?

A

scientific study of behavior and mental processes

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2
Q

What 3 things does psychology promise?

A

scientific investigation, diversity and practacality

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3
Q

What are the 3 theories regarding understanding relationships?

A

nature vs nurture
free will vs determinism
conscious vs unconscious

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4
Q

What are the 4 goals of psychology?

A 
DUPC
Describe
Understand
Predict
Control
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5
Q

What is experimental research

A

Using a controlled environment to establish cause and effect

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6
Q

What variable does the experimenter change

A

independent variable

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7
Q

what variable does the subject behavior show

A

dependent variable

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8
Q

What are the 7 steps for experimentation

A 
Hypothesis
identify variables
operationalize variables
define subjects
draw a sample
perform experimentt
draw conclusions
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9
Q

What is mean

A

average

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10
Q

what is mode

A

most frequent

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11
Q

what is median

A

middle score

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12
Q

What is descriptive research?

A

Describes the world as it is.

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13
Q

What are the 3 main types of descriptive research?

A

Survey
Naturalistic observation
Case Study

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14
Q

What is a survey

A

question/interview to gather information
easy to do
not precise

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15
Q

What is a naturalistic observation

A

prolonged observation without intervention

not precise

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16
Q

What is a case study

A

In depth look at specific case
very precise
lacks prediction

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17
Q

Does correlational research show causality

A

NO!!!!!

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18
Q

Give examples of correlational research

A

church and crime
ice cream and drowning
attendance and grades

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19
Q

What is correlational research

A

tries to identify relationship between two or more variables

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20
Q

What is a correlational coefficient?

A

Strength from 0.0 to 1.00
Direction can be positive or negative
direction is NOT related to strength.

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21
Q

What is positive correlation

A

variables go in the same direction

22
Q

what is negative correlation

A

variables move inversely from each other

23
Q

Is deception ok in research?

A

yes but debriefing must follow

24
Q

What are the parts of a neuron?

A 
Soma (body)
Dendrites (receptors)
Axon (transmitter)
Myelin sheath (fatty layer of cells)
Synapse gap - neurotransmitters
25
Q

What are the two types of neurons

A

receptors (sensory)

effectors (motor)

26
Q

What are the two main components of the nervous system?

A

CNS and PNS

27
Q

What is in the CNS

A

Brain and spinal cord

28
Q

What is responsible for reflexes

A

spinal cord

29
Q

What are the two main components of the PNS

A

Autonomic and Somatic

30
Q

What does the autonomic system do

A

involuntary, self regulated control. Internal organs and glands. - Controls Fight or Flight. Actions can be sympathetic(arousing) or parasympathetic (calming)

31
Q

What does the somatic system do

A

Voluntary control (soma = body)

32
Q

What are the 3 main structures of the brain

A

hindbrain
midbrain
forebrain

33
Q

What does the hindbrain do?

A

Most primitive
respiration/heartbeat
Filters incoming and outgoing messages

34
Q

What does the midbrain do?

A

Pathways - road system for the brain

35
Q

What does the forebrain do?

A

Processing
Wrinkled part
where information gets interpreted

36
Q

What links the two main hemispheres?

A

corpus callosum

37
Q

What are the 4 lobes of the brain

A

frontal
parietal
occipital
temporal

38
Q

What does the frontal lobe control

A

motor skills

39
Q

what does the parietal lobe control

A

touch/feeling

40
Q

what does the occipital lobe control

A

vision

41
Q

what does the temporal lobe control

A

hearing

42
Q

how many of each lobe to we have?

A

2, 1 on each side of the brain

43
Q

What are the language areas of the brain

A

Left hemisphere only
Wernickes area
Brocas area

44
Q

Where is wernickes area and what does it do

A

Temporal Lobe

Hearing and lnguage comprehension

45
Q

Where is Brocas area and what does it do

A

Frontal lobe

Speaking

46
Q

What are the steps in the sensory process

A

Sensation (detection)

Perception (Interpretation)

47
Q

What is an absolute threshold

A

Minimum needed to cause detection

48
Q

What is a Difference Threshold (JND)

A

Just noticeable difference

Minimum difference or change in stimulation that can be detected

49
Q

Define/ Draw Signal detection theory

A

Signal Present Signal Absent

Resp Y HIT | False Alarm
————————————-
Resp N MISS | Correct Reject

50
Q

What are Gestalt principles

A

Figure-Ground - automatic tendency to make sense

51
Q

What is the law of simplicity?

A 
Brain takes simplest form possible
Closure - close enough
similarity - brain groups like objects
proximity - group by proximity
continuity - brain sees things as contiuous
52
Q

What things influence our perception?

A

beliefs
expectations / needs
emotions
environment

Psychology 1100 (9 decks)

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