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#psychology year 1/ Issues and debates > #Exam 1- Social Psychology > Flashcards

#Exam 1- Social Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the key concept of Agency Theory

A

The idea that we face authority-go through moral strain then either go into an autonomous or agentic state

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2
Q

What is the Agentic state

A

Obeying an authority figure ( 65% of ppts shocking to 450 V)

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3
Q

What is the Autonomous state

A

Making your own choice- the 35% who refused to shock to 450v

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4
Q

What is moral strain

A

When people become uncomfortable with their behaviour

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5
Q

Evaluation of agency theory

A

S-Milgrams study showed people in moral strain
C-original study fails to explain why people entered autonomous state
O-theories involve social impact and identity theory
U-this theory is useful as it can be applied to the police and armed forces so that one person isn’t given to much power.
T-milgram used his own study

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6
Q

What does social impact theory suggest causes obedience ?

A

The strength of authority figure
The number of authority figures
And the immediacy

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7
Q

What is supporting evidence for strength, number and immediacy

A

Number- milgram
Strength- ordinary man variation
Immediacy- telephone varitaion

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8
Q

What is the psychosocial law

A

As number of sources increase each person has less influence

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9
Q

What is the multiplicative effect

A

Combination of all three sources

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10
Q

What is the divisional effect

A

Ability of speaker to persuade an audience

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11
Q

Social impact theory evaluation

A

S-Milgram’s studies such as no9 telephonic experiment
C-Mullen conflicts with SIT as he said the analysis of strength and immediacy lacked consistency
O-agency theory states that it is only strength of source which affects obedience’s
U-this is useful as it shows us a various amount of factors which effect obedience levels
T-has a maths equation means predictions can be made

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12
Q

What are the situational factors affecting obedience

A

Momentum of compliance
Proximity
Status of authority
Personal responsibility

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13
Q

What is the momentum of compliance

A

When the change occurs slowly so that when the bad action is committed they don’t feel as bad about it

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14
Q

What are the Individual factors which affect obedience

A

Personality
Culture
Gender

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15
Q

What ways do personality affect obedience

A

Authoritarian- more submissive to authority figures
Locus of control- believing your behaviour is affected by outside sources
Empathy- people who have more empathy protest more

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16
Q

Which culture obeys more collectivist or individualist

A

Collectivist

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17
Q

Does gender effect obedience

A

No ( milgrams study shows same levels)

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18
Q

What is theory explains prejudice

A

Social identity theory

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19
Q

What are the three components to Social identity theory

A

Social categorisation, social identification, social comparison

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20
Q

What is social categorisation

A

Process of deciding which group you belong to

21
Q

What is social identification

A

Absorbing the culture of that group

22
Q

What is social comparison

A

Making your in-group look better then your out-group

23
Q

Evaluation of social identity theory

A

S-sherif’s study into prejudice- social comparison when the two groups would fight
C-sherif’s findings conflict with SIT and agree with RCT because it suggests that conflict was caused over shared resources
O-realistic conflict theory
U-shows that super ordinate goals reduces prejudice in society
T- society isn’t as simple as in groups and out groups and Is therefore reductionist and hard to test out

24
Q

What is the key idea behind realistic conflict theory

A

That prejudice occurs over a competition over a shared resource.

25
Q

What are the three main components to RCT

A

In group favouritism
Inter group conflict
Superordinate goals

26
Q

What do Ingroup favouritism, intergroup conflict and superordinate goals mean

A

In group - seeing needs of your group as bigger then others
Inter group conflict- conflict between two groups
Superordinate goals- when groups work together

27
Q

RCT evaluation

A

S- sheriff’s study showed that superordinate goals solve prejudice
C-Duckitt suggests it comes from unequal status - Falkland island war
O- social identity theory
U- can be used in real life to be able to remove prejudice from society

28
Q

What are the individual factors affecting prejudice and discrimination

A

Authoritarian personality
Ethnocentrism
Locus of control

29
Q

What are situational factors which affect prejudice

A

Culture
Competition
Presence of a group

30
Q

What was the aim of milgrams original study

A

Test to see if Germans were different to other

31
Q

Who participated in milgrams study

A

40 US males

32
Q

How many went to 450 v in milgrams study

A

65%

33
Q

Evaluation of milgrams original study

A 
G- no 
R- yes high control factors 
A-police and military 
V- iv- high
Ev- low 
E- no protection from harm
No right to withdrawal 
Limited consent 
Debriefed
34
Q

What was no 10 of milgrams variation.

A

Run down office block

35
Q

What was no 7 of milgrams experiment

A

Telephonic instruction

36
Q

What was no 13 of milgrams experiments

A

Ordinary man

37
Q

What is the contemporary study for social psychology

A

Burger ( up dated milgram )

38
Q

How many continued to full charge in burgers study

A

63.3%

39
Q

Evaluation of burger

A

Same as milgram

More ethical as it had a screening process and only went to 150v

40
Q

Who was the prejudice classical study

A

Sherif et al

41
Q

What happened in sherifs study

A

Two groups of boys spend time in summer camp. The groups have a competition between each other

42
Q

What were the results of sherifs study

A

Stage 2 friendships were 6.4% and 7.5%

Stage 3 36.4% and 23.2%

43
Q

Evaluation of sherifs study

A 
G- only young American boys 
R- high control factors all white and same age and class 
A- applicable as it shows how to get rid of prejudice 
V - high internal validity 
    - high ecological validity 
E- consent was given 
     Boys made up after 
     There was fighting
44
Q

What is the key question for social psychology

A

Can psychology explain cult behaviour

45
Q

Facts about cults (A01)

A

Follow strong living leader
Cult leader Is often manipulative
Cult members don’t have authoritarian personality and are vulnerable

46
Q

A02 what theories explain cult behaviour

A

Agency theory- cults have strong figure head KKK has multiple leaders
Social impact theory- KKK once had 4 million member
RCT- white members believe black take away white rights

47
Q

What was the practical for social psychology

A

Does age influence beliefs about homosexuality

48
Q

What were the results of the social practical

A
  1. 3 for younger

5. 77 - older have a more varied opinion

49
Q

Evaluation of practical

A

G- no only people from north east England
R- high control factors everyone revived same questions
A- can show to see if older have more prejudice outlook
V- low ecological validity
High internal validity
E- some people may be offended by topic of questionaire

#psychology year 1/ Issues and debates (6 decks)

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