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Anatomy 2: Exam 1 > Exam 1 review questions > Flashcards

Exam 1 review questions Flashcards

1
Q

Which sensory pathway does not pass through the thalamus before terminating in the cerebral cortex?

A

Olfactory tract

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2
Q

What is the function of the eustachian tube?

A

regulated air pressure in the middle ear

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3
Q

What is the function of the spiral organ?

A

The actual organ of hearing where hair cells are located and stimulated

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4
Q

Where are taste buds located?

A

vallate, fungiform and foliate papillae

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5
Q

What part of the eye converts light energy into neural impulses?

A

rods and cones

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6
Q

What part of the eye controls the size of the pupil?

A

iris

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7
Q

What cells produce new olfactory receptor cells?

A

basal stem cells

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8
Q

What is the bind spot in the eye?

A

optic disc

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9
Q

What structures help maintain dynamic equilibrium?

A

Semicircular canals

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10
Q

What structures help maintain static equilibrium?

A

Vestibule

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11
Q

Which of the following is a function of a hormone?

A

control mood, growth and development the way our organs work, metabolism and reporduction.

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12
Q

Which of these hormones are produces in the hypothalamus?

A

oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone, and thyrotropin

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13
Q

Which of these hormones are produced in the anterior pituitary ?

A

growth hormone, thyroid, follicle, lutenizing prolactin, adrenicirticotropic and melanocyte

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14
Q

Which of these hormones are produced in the thyroid gland?

A

t3,t4, and calcitonin

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15
Q

What is an example of antagonistic hormones that control homeostasis?

A

insulin, glucagon, calcitonin, and parathyroid

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16
Q

What is the function of glucagon?

A

Glucagon: raises blood glucose level, converts nutrients into glucose, and release into blood.

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17
Q

What is the function of insulin?

A

lowers blood glucose level, converts glucose to glycogen, stimulates protein synthesis.

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18
Q

What is the function of throxin?

A

increase basal metabolic rate. Increase use of glucose and fatty acids, develops nervous system and growth hormone

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19
Q

Where is insulin produced?

A

pancreas

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20
Q

Where is calcitonin produced?

A

thyroid gland

21
Q

Where is adrenalin prpduced?

A

adrenal glands

22
Q

What conditions results from too much growth hormone?

A

pituitary gigantism

23
Q

Which condition results from too little of thyroid hormone?

A

goiter

24
Q

What conditions result from too much thyroid hormone ?

A

grave disease

25
Q

How does positive feedback differ from negative feedback?

A

When there is a stimulation that it is increasing, the affect will also increase. It moves in the same direction. While negative feedback is the opposite of that and move different directions.

26
Q

Which leucocytes are granular?

A

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

27
Q

Which leucocytes are agranular?

A

lymphocytes and monocytes

28
Q

What is the process in which the formed elements of the blood are produced?

A

hemopoiesis(hematopoiesis)

29
Q

What type of cell develops from monocytes?

A

macrophages

30
Q

What type of cell develops from reticulocytes?

A

red blood cells

31
Q

What type of cell develops from megakaryocytes?

A

platelets

32
Q

What type of cell develops from B cells?

A

plasma cells

33
Q

What steps occur in hemostasis in the correct order?

A

vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, blood clotting (coagulation)

34
Q

Where are red blood cells produced?

A

Red bone marrow

35
Q

What is the most common cause of an increase in the number of white blood cells?

A

Infection or inflammation

36
Q

What protein forms the thread like structures in a blood clot?

A

Fibrinogen

37
Q

What is the pacemaker of the heart?

A

Sinoatrial node

38
Q

What event in the cardiac cycle is represented by the P wave in an EKG?

A

atrial depolarization (electrical excitation)

39
Q

What event in the cardiac cycle is represented by the QRS wave in an EKG?

A

ventricular depolarization (electrical excitation)

40
Q

What events in the cardiac cycle is represented by the T wave in an EKG?

A

ventricular repolarization (end of electrical excitation)

41
Q

Which heart chambers contain deoxygenated blood?

A

right atrium and right ventricle

42
Q

Which heart chambers contain oxygenated blood?

A

left atrium and left ventricle

43
Q

Which layer of the heart wall consists of cardiac muscle?

A

Myocardium

44
Q

Where are the semilunar valves found in the heart?

A

between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk

45
Q

What connects cardiac muscle cells to each other?

A

intercalated discs

46
Q

How is cardiac output calculated?

A

multiplying stroke volume with heart rate

47
Q

What do the numbers mean in a blood pressure reading in systolic?

A

upper number, represents the pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are contracting

48
Q

What do the numbers mean in a blood pressure reading in diastolic?

A

lower number, represents the pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are relaxing

Anatomy 2: Exam 1 (4 decks)

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