Exam 1 Review Concepts And Terminology Flashcards
What is concentration gradient?
Normally occurring in nature. Things tend to move (diffuse) from an area of greater concentration to an area of lower concentration. Ex: a dry sponge placed in a bowl of water until saturated.
What is Surface Area?
The greater the surface area, the greater the ability to absorb and secrete. (Absorb=to take in) (Secrete=produce and discharge)
What is a semi/selective- permeable membrane?
Membrane that selectively allows things to pass through them.
What is nature vs. nurture?
Nature=genetics
Nurture=environment
Almost everything has a percentage of each.
What is “Form follows function”
The shape/form of things/cells/tissues is often determined by how they need to function.
What is Active vs. Passive?
“Active” requires energy or physical exertion
“Passive” requires no energy, original exertion.
What is Homeostasis?
Moving toward balance or a normal internal body state of an organism, achieved by a system of control mechanisms, activated by negative feedback.
What is negative feedback?
A correcting process in which the body’s response REVERSES the effect of a stimulus and RESTORES HOMEOSTASIS.
What is diffusion?
Passive movement of molecules from an area of relatively high concentration to an area of relatively low concentration, until equilibrium.
- Down concentration gradient
Ex. Sugar dissolving in a liquid.
What is Osmosis?
Passive movement of water across a selectively (semi)-permeable membrane toward a solution containing a relatively high solute concentrate.
- The solid particles do not move across the membrane; only the WATER moves.
- Dilutes solution on either side of membrane more diluted.
What is a Solute?
The particles on a solution.
What is a solvent?
The liquid in a solution.
What is a solution?
A liquid with particles (dilute) dissolved in it.
- Hypertonic solution
- Hypotonic solution
What is a Hypertonic solution?
Contains more solutes/particles than contained in a typical cell suspended in it.
What is a Hypotonic solution?
Contains less solutes/particles than the amount contained in a typical cell suspended within it.
