Exam 1 - quiz questions Flashcards
How do you differentiate btwn a graded-dose response curve and a quantal dose-response curve?
Quantal y-axis ends in “-ING!”
How do you find the ED50 of a drug?
Find the drug line, go up to 50% on the y-axis and then go over until you hit the line. follow that straight down and that dose is the ED50
How do you find the TD50 of a drug?
Same things as finding the ED50 but you have to go to the line that shows a toxic effect of the drug.
How do you calculate the therapeutic index? (TI)
TI = TD / ED
The bigger the number the safer the drug
What is pharmacodynamics?
the study of the drug at the site of action and the effects on the body
The major difference btwn an agonist and antagonist is that only an agonist binds to a receptor while an antagonist does not. T/F
FALSE!!
both bind. only agonist gets a response
How do you tell which drug is most potent on a graph?
-Look for the drug farther to the left. the smallest dose will cause a response
how do you tell which drug has most and least efficacy on a graph?
Most - line goes the highest
least - line is the lowest.
Does potency equal maximal efficacy?
NO!!!!!!!!!!
What is EC50?
Effective concentration 50.
-on a graded curve. same ED and TD 50
Explain first pass effect
-the metabolism of a drug by the liver before it reaches the site of action
Can drugs create new processes and functions in cells?
NO!!!!!!
NSAIDS block the enzyme cyclooxygenase which is necessary for the production of the lipid mediators of inflammation known as …
Prostaglandins
What type of inhibitor is Celecoxib?
Selective COX - 2
T/F - aspirin is generally well tolerated by all and has very few side effects?
False! lots of side effects
What actions can acetaminophen perform?
anitpyretic
analgesic
NOT anti-inflammatory
What drug is 100x more potent than morphine and its effects only last 1-1.5 hours? “synthetic heroine”
Fentanyl
H1 and H2 blockers stop the release of what?
histamine
What conditions do H1 blockers treat?
Allergies, colds
Match drugs with functions
Codine, etanercept, cimetidine, morphine
gastric acid, cough, arthritis, termial/chronic pain
codine - cough
etanercept - arthritis
cimetidine - gastric acid
morphine - terminal/chronic pain
Mineralcorticoids are regulated by what?
NOT ACTH (gluco)
-renin-angiotensin system
What are the most potent endogenous mineral and gluco-corticoids?
mineral - aldosterone
gluco - cortisol
What does corticosteroids do to blood glucose levels?
raises them!
