Exam 1 practice questions Flashcards
True or false
Valvular stenosis results from valve leaflets not completely sealing when the valve is closed
False
A systolic heart murmur can be caused by
Ventricular septal defect
According to Poiseuille’s equation, if the radius of the opened orifice of a valve is reduced by 50%, the pressure gradient across the valve at a given flow rate will be increased how much above normal?
16-fold
True or false
Compared to laminar flow conditions, the presence of turbulence increases pressure gradient across a valve at a given flow because of increased energy losses.
True
Under which of the following conditions is turbulence more likely to occur?
Valvular stenosis
True or false
When a person with a stenotic aortic valve exercises, the intensity of the murmur increases because increased velocity across the stenotic valve increases turbulence.
true
Which of the following is associated with mitral valve stenosis
elevated left atrial pressure during atrial systole
Which of the following is associated with aortic valve regurgitation?
increased left ventricular stroke volume
A systolic ejection gradient of 60 mmHg across a stenotic aortic valve would most likely be associated with
elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
True or false
Mitral valve stenosis increases the width of the left ventricular pressure-volume loop
False
True or false
In aortic valve regurgitation, the ventricle begins to fill with blood prior to the opening of the mitral valve.
True
True or False
In mitral valve regurgitation, stroke volume, defined as the difference between end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, is decreased.
False
Which of the following valve defects is NOT associated with an increase in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure?
Pulmonic valve stenosis
True or False
Pulmonary edema and reduced cardiac output caused by a valve defect can lead to exertional dyspnea.
True
A patient who has mitral valve stenosis. Which of the following occurs as they exercise?
pulmonary capillary wedge pressure increases
